Creative Suburban Geographies - Alan Davies

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Alan Davies
Pollard Davies Pty Ltd
Jobs in the SUBURBS
The structure of suburban employment in Melbourne

The popular perception of Melbourne’s employment geography?Melbourne: Gross job density 2006 (jobs/km2)
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Inner city

Can investigate this question using ABS JTW data...Approach
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Can investigate this question using ABS JTW data...Approach
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Dispersion?
Structure?

Long term trend is for employment to disperse away from the centre....Proportion of metro jobs by band – 1981 vs 2006
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Inner city

Long term trend is for employment to disperse away from the centre....Proportion of metro jobs by band – 1981 vs 2006
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Inner city

Jobs moved outwards....Change in distance of jobs from CBD, 1981-2006 (km)
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46% ∆
26% ∆
34% ∆
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Jobs moved outwards....Change in distance of jobs from CBD, 1981-2006 (km)

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The great bulk of jobs are now in the suburbs....Distribution of metro jobs in 1 km wide bands, 2006
72%> 5 km

Only a minority of jobs are now located in the CBDCBD (1.5 km radius), 2006
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14% all metro jobs

Dominance of suburbs holds for most sectors.....Proportion of metro jobs in suburbs by sector, 2006 (%)
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Dominance of suburbs holds for most sectors.....Proportion of metro jobs in suburbs by sector, 2006 (%)
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Commercial jobs display a ‘split personality’.... Share all metro Commercial jobs, by band – 2006 (%)
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Commercial jobs display a ‘split personality’.... Share all metro Commercial jobs, by band – 2006 (%)
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Suburbs 49%
0.98 x 1981 share

Distribution of Community jobs is relatively flat....Share all metro Community jobs, by band - 2006 (%)
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Distribution of Community jobs is relatively flat....Share all metro Community jobs, by band - 2006 (%)
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Suburbs 73%
50% of jobs > 11 km from CBD (9.6 km in 1981)

Distribution of Manufacturing jobs is now biased to the middle ring suburbs....Share all Manufacturing jobs, by band – 2006 (%)
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Distribution of Manufacturing jobs is now biased to the middle ring suburbs....Share all Manufacturing jobs, by band – 2006 (%)
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Suburbs 85%

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However rate of dispersal slowed significantly after 1996......Change in location of centre-of-mass 1981-06
5.9 km

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5.9 km
7.9 km

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5.9 km
7.9 km
7.9 km

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Because job growth in the inner city was stronger after 1996......Inter-censal job growth, 1981-2006, inner city & suburbs (%)

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Because job growth in the inner city was stronger after 1996......Inter-censal job growth, 1981-2006, inner city & suburbs (%)

Composition of suburban jobs now markedly different to inner city....Characteristics: Sectoral composition suburban jobs, 2006 (%)
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Composition of suburban jobs is markedly different to inner city.... Characteristics: Sectoral composition suburban jobs, 2006 (%)
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Most suburban jobs are located in the South-East....Characteristics: orientation of suburban employment, 2006
North
North
West
West
South-East
South -East

Most of Melbourne’s high human capital jobs are in the suburbs...Characteristics: shares of graduate jobs, 2006 (%)
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Most of Melbourne’s high human capital jobs are in the suburbs...Characteristics: shares of graduate jobs, 2006 (%)
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Population is the key driver of suburban job growth.....Characteristics: Suburban jobs & population, 1996 (%)
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Great bulk of residents live and work in the suburbs...Characteristics: % work in inner city, 2006

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Melbourne LGA
Casey LGA
Casey workers are very locally oriented...Characteristics: journeys to work from Casey LGA, 2006

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There are multiple ‘CBDs’ in the suburbs....Characteristics: required radius to equal jobs in CBD (km)

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Suburban employment STRUCTURE

Great bulk of suburban jobs are not located in centres...... Suburban centres, 2006
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Broadmeadows
Greensborough
Tullamarine
Latrobe university
Heidelberg
Sunshine
Ringwood
Kew
Footscray
Clayton
Moorabbin
Dandenong
Narre Warren
1,950 zones
Density: Z=0
Employment: Z=0
Min 2,300 jobs/centre
Frankston

Many centres are highly specialised in one industry...Characteristics: Specialisation Index score – all employment
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Rest of suburbs

Nearly all centres specialised in at least one sector....Characteristics: No. sectoral specialisations LQ>2x rest suburbs
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Many centres have high proportion of graduate jobs...Characteristics: % all jobs occupied by a graduate
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Nearly all centres are specialised in graduates in at least one sector....Characteristics: No. graduate specialisations by sector

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50% all jobs in suburban centres
Most jobs are in a small number of centres... Characteristics: Centres ranked by size (%)

Most jobs are in a small number of centres... Characteristics: Centres ranked by size (%)
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50% all jobs in suburban centres

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Implications

What does it mean?
Suburbs are the key job arena
Most jobs, graduates
Economic structure
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Implications
Economic structure
Location less important
Car-based accessibility
Consumer-oriented jobs
CBD ‘first among equals’
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Implications
Economic structure
Location less important
Car-based accessibility
Consumer-oriented jobs
CBD ‘first among equals’
Need to rethink policy
Suburban centres policy
Transit & cars
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Alan Davies
Pollard Davies Pty Ltd
Jobs in the SUBURBS
The structure of suburban employment in Melbourne

Cultural industries biased toward inner city... Inner city vs suburbs - selected cultural industries, 2006 (%)
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Inner city share - all industries

Inner city more graduate-intensive than suburbs...Graduate intensity, cultural industries, 2006 (%)
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Creative Suburban Geographies - Alan Davies

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