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Bridging the Hydropower PolicyImplementation Gap-BPIG
(MK11)
Communications and Feedback Mechanisms to Improve Participation in Decision-Making for Local Land and Water Use
Implementing team
Lead Study Partners:

• NUOL: Faculty of Environmental Sciences
• MEM--DPP
• MONRE—NREI

• VFI-Land and Livelihood Program
• PMO- Public relations department
Implementing
Methodology
• Participatory Action Research
o The agencies responsible for policy monitoring and enforcement were
involved in the research
o International advisors and organization played an advisory role

o Materials and reports are approved by all partners

• Creates ownership over the results
• Ensures capacity building in pace with the
production of research results
Project Objectives
• To improve communication systems to promote
better understanding among primary stakeholder
groups on how hydropower governance processes
consider land and water use and entitlements.
• To develop and pilot a local governance feedback
mechanism regarding stakeholder participation in
hydropower decision-making, planning, and
management.
Research Questions
The central research question is this:
•

How can hydropower governance better enable multiple stakeholder
participation and how can local land and water interests be better
considered?

In answering the central question, the research will also provide insight
into the following additional questions:
1) Will better communications regarding opportunities for participation and
better tools to enable this participation result in more consideration of local
land and water interests in hydropower-related decision-making and
planning?
2) Will a governance feedback mechanism encourage application of multistakeholder participation opportunities in hydropower-related decisionmaking and planning? Can central-level agencies use a feedback
mechanism to encourage more careful application of national hydropower
policy?
Site selection
• Criteria for Selecting Two Complementary Sites
o Willing local partner
o Different stages of construction
o Ready access to the site
o Medium capacity of installed MW

o Non- confrontational /No big conflict
o Sizeable number of effected people

• Pre-selection with all central partners

• Confirmation from each site
Selected Sites
Namlik1 Hydropower project:
• Hinhuep district VT Province
•
MW,
• Nam Lik 1 Power Company Ltd,
• 30-year concession
Nam-Ou2 cascade:
• Gnoy district LPB province
• 120 MW,
• Shinohydro Construction: 20122016?
• 25-year concession
Locations
Lao PDR
Gap analysis
To identify the elements of improved communication
and feedback mechanisms

• National Policy
workshop
• District workshop
• Community
consultations
• Analysis: Difference
between policy and
realities observed

Example policies considered:
•
Regulation on Environmental and
Social Impact Assessment
•
Technical Guidelines on
Compensation and Resettlement
in Development Projects
•
Concession Agreements
•
Prescribed roles and
responsibilities of all relevant
parties
•
Decrees and regulations related
to Resettlement & Compensation
•
Guidelines on Public
Involvement in ESIA
Categories of GAPS identified by Ngoy district officers
Feedback / Communications GAPS
Center /
Province
??

Company

District

Importance
Not Important
Important

Affected
People

Current Communication
High
Low
Gaps in Coordination and
Functions
• Policy – Implementation Gaps
o Construction before resettlement

o No RMU established
o No funding from company
o No capacity building support from the
company/central level for Districts
Study Tours
•

Exposure to other projects for
Village, District, Provincial,
and Central partners

•

Study tour policy
implementation
o
o

THPC

o

•

NT2

NN2

Results (key opportunities):
o

Compensation

o

Resettlement-RMU
• District – communities –
company

o

Livelihood development

o

Grievance
Gap-Closing Tools
• Communications
o To facilitate dialog and information sharing among government and
affected populations
o To disseminate key policy considerations about obligations and
entitlements

• Guidelines
o To improve dialog among government and community members
o To improve the process of community involvement
Posters
Facilitating Dialog

• Compensation
• Resettlement
• Livelihoods
• Grievance
Facilitators Guidelines
Improving Communications
•

General facilitation
tips

•

Key points for each
poster

•

Suggested questions
to engage
participants

•

Key references to
policy issues
Pamphlets
Aiding clear policy dissemination
• Compensation
• Resettlement
• Livelihoods
• Grievance
Grievance Mechanism
Primer
Improving the ‘feedback’ process
• Policy
requirements
• Participants
• Responsibilities
• Process
• Schedule
Key Results
Communications
• Improved communications and understanding in
two project locations among all stakeholders
o Awareness of responsibilities for communication (duty-bearers)

o Awareness of rights to information (all parties)
o Better local unity among local government and affected
populations
Key Results
Feedback Mechanism
• The grievance mechanism (required within existing
policy) is now established in two sites
• Creates a new avenue for communities to seek to
address their concerns before these become major
problems
• Creates a space for dialog among all stakeholders
Key Findings
• PAR was a very effective approach
o Builds capacity along with research results
o Builds ownership among key actors

• Communications tools can improve understanding
and increase opportunities
• A grievance mechanism can improve coordination
and incentive to adhere to policy
• More time is needed to verify and consolidate these
findings.
Unexpected finding:
Local Solidarity
through Communications
Center /
Province

District
Government

Unified
Platform

Affected
People

Project
holder
Key Opportunities
• Consolidating communications and grievance in
two target areas
• Expanding the scope of tools:
o ‘one-way’ tools that don’t rely on facilitators: video, radio
o Social media or other networking tools to increase connections
among various affected populations

• Expand the scale to additional locations, especially
along the Ou River (7 planned dams)
• Supporting equitable decision-making and
negotiation (supporting community capacity)
Key Challenges
• Better engagement with the private sector investors
• Language barriers among project owners,
government ‘duty bearers’, and affected people
• Going beyond increased ‘understanding’ to
ensuring changed behavior.
Thank You

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Bridging the hydropower policy implementation gap-bpig (mk11)

  • 1. Bridging the Hydropower PolicyImplementation Gap-BPIG (MK11) Communications and Feedback Mechanisms to Improve Participation in Decision-Making for Local Land and Water Use
  • 2. Implementing team Lead Study Partners: • NUOL: Faculty of Environmental Sciences • MEM--DPP • MONRE—NREI • VFI-Land and Livelihood Program • PMO- Public relations department
  • 3. Implementing Methodology • Participatory Action Research o The agencies responsible for policy monitoring and enforcement were involved in the research o International advisors and organization played an advisory role o Materials and reports are approved by all partners • Creates ownership over the results • Ensures capacity building in pace with the production of research results
  • 4. Project Objectives • To improve communication systems to promote better understanding among primary stakeholder groups on how hydropower governance processes consider land and water use and entitlements. • To develop and pilot a local governance feedback mechanism regarding stakeholder participation in hydropower decision-making, planning, and management.
  • 5. Research Questions The central research question is this: • How can hydropower governance better enable multiple stakeholder participation and how can local land and water interests be better considered? In answering the central question, the research will also provide insight into the following additional questions: 1) Will better communications regarding opportunities for participation and better tools to enable this participation result in more consideration of local land and water interests in hydropower-related decision-making and planning? 2) Will a governance feedback mechanism encourage application of multistakeholder participation opportunities in hydropower-related decisionmaking and planning? Can central-level agencies use a feedback mechanism to encourage more careful application of national hydropower policy?
  • 6. Site selection • Criteria for Selecting Two Complementary Sites o Willing local partner o Different stages of construction o Ready access to the site o Medium capacity of installed MW o Non- confrontational /No big conflict o Sizeable number of effected people • Pre-selection with all central partners • Confirmation from each site
  • 7. Selected Sites Namlik1 Hydropower project: • Hinhuep district VT Province • MW, • Nam Lik 1 Power Company Ltd, • 30-year concession Nam-Ou2 cascade: • Gnoy district LPB province • 120 MW, • Shinohydro Construction: 20122016? • 25-year concession
  • 9. Gap analysis To identify the elements of improved communication and feedback mechanisms • National Policy workshop • District workshop • Community consultations • Analysis: Difference between policy and realities observed Example policies considered: • Regulation on Environmental and Social Impact Assessment • Technical Guidelines on Compensation and Resettlement in Development Projects • Concession Agreements • Prescribed roles and responsibilities of all relevant parties • Decrees and regulations related to Resettlement & Compensation • Guidelines on Public Involvement in ESIA
  • 10. Categories of GAPS identified by Ngoy district officers
  • 11. Feedback / Communications GAPS Center / Province ?? Company District Importance Not Important Important Affected People Current Communication High Low
  • 12. Gaps in Coordination and Functions • Policy – Implementation Gaps o Construction before resettlement o No RMU established o No funding from company o No capacity building support from the company/central level for Districts
  • 13. Study Tours • Exposure to other projects for Village, District, Provincial, and Central partners • Study tour policy implementation o o THPC o • NT2 NN2 Results (key opportunities): o Compensation o Resettlement-RMU • District – communities – company o Livelihood development o Grievance
  • 14. Gap-Closing Tools • Communications o To facilitate dialog and information sharing among government and affected populations o To disseminate key policy considerations about obligations and entitlements • Guidelines o To improve dialog among government and community members o To improve the process of community involvement
  • 15. Posters Facilitating Dialog • Compensation • Resettlement • Livelihoods • Grievance
  • 16. Facilitators Guidelines Improving Communications • General facilitation tips • Key points for each poster • Suggested questions to engage participants • Key references to policy issues
  • 17. Pamphlets Aiding clear policy dissemination • Compensation • Resettlement • Livelihoods • Grievance
  • 18. Grievance Mechanism Primer Improving the ‘feedback’ process • Policy requirements • Participants • Responsibilities • Process • Schedule
  • 19. Key Results Communications • Improved communications and understanding in two project locations among all stakeholders o Awareness of responsibilities for communication (duty-bearers) o Awareness of rights to information (all parties) o Better local unity among local government and affected populations
  • 20. Key Results Feedback Mechanism • The grievance mechanism (required within existing policy) is now established in two sites • Creates a new avenue for communities to seek to address their concerns before these become major problems • Creates a space for dialog among all stakeholders
  • 21. Key Findings • PAR was a very effective approach o Builds capacity along with research results o Builds ownership among key actors • Communications tools can improve understanding and increase opportunities • A grievance mechanism can improve coordination and incentive to adhere to policy • More time is needed to verify and consolidate these findings.
  • 22. Unexpected finding: Local Solidarity through Communications Center / Province District Government Unified Platform Affected People Project holder
  • 23. Key Opportunities • Consolidating communications and grievance in two target areas • Expanding the scope of tools: o ‘one-way’ tools that don’t rely on facilitators: video, radio o Social media or other networking tools to increase connections among various affected populations • Expand the scale to additional locations, especially along the Ou River (7 planned dams) • Supporting equitable decision-making and negotiation (supporting community capacity)
  • 24. Key Challenges • Better engagement with the private sector investors • Language barriers among project owners, government ‘duty bearers’, and affected people • Going beyond increased ‘understanding’ to ensuring changed behavior.

Editor's Notes

  1. Identify 15 different gaps, categorized into 4 types:
  2. The size of the line represents the how much current communication is happening.The red is very important for our project, the blue is less important.
  3. Grievance guide book