CPWF_Presentation _Board _March2010

Water, food and development The CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and FoodAlain VIDAL, CPWF Director

Re-greening the Uganda “Cattle Corridor”
Community corralling of cattle for 2 weeks permits pasture establishment
Local organizations invest in up-scaling of pasture regeneration
Termites destroy any attempt to reseed degraded pasture

Multiple use water systems: empowering the poor with water
Local government, NGO, CBO and private support to innovation
Individual multiple water-use decisions
Support of national water policies and laws (eg India)

Food crisis: a poverty “countdown”
3 billion poor below US$2.5/day
2 billion suffer from malnutrition
1 billion suffer from hunger
75% of them are rural poor
Alleviating hunger means reducing rural poverty
Reducing rural poverty
Increase farmers income and resilience
And NOT transform the rural poor into urban poor

The resilience challenge
Food producing communities and ecosystems should be able to cope with local and global changes (climate, economy, demography, migrations…), ie becomemore resilient (persistent, adaptable, transformable)
Achieved through improved water productivity (more food with less water) together with empowerment, equity, market access, health and preservation of ecosystems

CPWF aims to increase the resilience of social and ecological systems through better water management for food production
Through its broad partnerships, it conducts research that leads to impact on the poor and policy change

CPWF contributes to…
Food securityat household level
Livelihoods of the poor
Health: nutrition, reduced pollution, reduced disease
Environment:water quality, sustainability of wetlands

CPWF Phase 2(2009-2014)Focusing on achievable impacts in 6 river basins

Phase 2

Focusing the strategy in Phase 2
Focusing on science content found most promising and with development impact within the 15 year CPWF time frame, and contributing to future CGIAR megaprograms
All research is interdisciplinary, includes cross-scale analysis and focuses on resilience
1-2 development challenges in specific parts of each basin
1 development challenge = USD 5-6 million into 4-5 projects
Expected minimum budget of USD 60 million for one challenge per basin ; aiming for USD 90 million and two challenges

Andes – Benefit-sharing mechanisms
Due to climate, land use and cover changes, base flows have changed and pollution increased, reducing poor peoples’ access to water
Research aims to develop social and economic mechanisms that both help upstream poor farmer communities and increase the quantity and quality of water available for downstream communities, hence reducing water-related conflicts
Local adoption and scaling up and out of these Benefit-Sharing Mechanisms will be adapted to cultural, social or political constraints

Mekong – Dams and livelihoods
Uncoordinated massive development focused on hydropower generation
Cumulative impact of multiple dams barely known
No plans to improve local and downstream benefits
Research will optimise reservoir management to minimise downstream negative impact and improve livelihoods for resettled populations, small-scale farmers and fishing communities
Communities will increase their fisheries and agricultural potential through the development of multiple use reservoirs. Capacity of dam administrators to negotiation will improve the sequential management of dams so as to maximise dams benefits

Nile – Rainwater management in Ethiopia
Poor soil moisture control and fertility management, and low quality seeds are major causes of the low performance of rainfed farming in the Ethiopian Highlands
Research will develop appropriate, landscape level, rainwater management methods across three agro-ecosystems ranging from rainfed agriculture to livestock farming mixing together
The developed systems will address the multiple needs of rural communities, improve water productivity, and generate more resilient livelihoods

Volta – Small reservoirs, rainwater and livelihoods
Resource-poor farmers rely on rainfed agriculture and livestock for their livelihoods. 1,700 small reservoirs could provide farmers with a dry season water supply, but often fail because institutional and technical mechanisms are absent in the communities.
Research will explore the institutional and technical aspects of small-reservoir development and maintenance, embedded within a wider rainwater management system combining crops and livestock
Improved design and management of multiple use small reservoirs will increase benefits for communities, combined with better rainfed crops and livestock productivity.

Limpopo – Small reservoirs, rainwater and livelihoods
Low rainfed agricultural output (40% of agriculture), and policies emphasizing land allocation to the poor, meaningless if they do not have water and institutional support. Promising are small reservoirs providing security against increasing climate variability
Research will help design of small reservoirs for multiple uses, and explore and integrate other rainwater harvesting technologies
Livelihoods of small-scale farmers improved by development and adoption of a rainwater management system based on small reservoirs for multiple use systems (MUS)

Ganges – Floods and salt in the Delta
In the coastal belt of the Ganges Delta, the farming system is characterised by
Frequent flooding amplified by climate change
Saline intrusion damaging crops and water quality
Research aims to develop agriculture and aquaculture farming able to alternate between saline and flood conditions
Formal and informal institutions will ensure impact through the introduction of saline-tolerant rice varieties, a broader saline management system that relies on sluice gates and predictive modelling

Secondary development challenges
Andes (7 small basins) Strategies for Andean communities to adapt to global change
Nile (Egypt) Multiple use of agricultural wastewater in the Delta
Ganges delta The integrated management of groundwater
Mekong The sustainable management of upland agricultural water

Thank you
Alain Vidal, CPWF Directora.vidal@cgiar.org
www.waterandfood.org

CPWF_Presentation _Board _March2010

by CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food

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CPWF_Presentation _Board _March2010 Presentation Transcript