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Purple Pinkies_Solomon_5.3.12
1. Purple Pinkies
Dr. Roma Solomon, Director
Mr. Manojkumar Choudhury, M & E Officer
CORE Group Polio Project India
CORE Group Spring Meeting
3 May , Wilmington, DE
2. Social Mobilisation for Hard to
Reach Populations
• Brief introduction through narrative & slides
• Role Play
• How we reach the unreached
• Using LQAS for improving social mobilisation
activities
• Short film – ‘A drop of dialogue’
3. Polio cases (thousands)
0
100
200
300
400
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
the world in India
Last type 2 polio in
2001
2002
2003
2004
1988
2008
2005
2006
1&3
Monovalent
2007
2008
2009
2010
Bivalent
2011
2012
Polio Eradication: Historical Context
2012: 14
4. Progress in Polio Eradication
1988 – 2012
1988 2009
Type 1
125 endemic countries 4 endemic countries
1000 cases per day Type 3
(India, Nigeria, Pakistan, Afghanistan)
350,000 cases per year 1604 cases/year
2010 2012
1292 cases -20% reduction since 46 cases; 43 in endemic
2009; 99% reduction since 1988 & 3 in non-endemic
countries
Source: WHO 17 04 2012
7. IMAGINE THE
• 394 million people live in U.P., Bihar & W. Bengal
• 500,000 children are born every month in U.P and Bihar
• 2.3 million vaccinators used in one National Immunization Day
• 500,000+ vaccinators cover about 45 million children in each SNID
• 900 million doses of OPV were used in 2011
• 9,125 community mobilisers visit over 3 million families each
month in the three states
• In 2011, the SM Net tracked 30,000 migrant families and helped
vaccinate 1,814,266 children on the move in transit and border
areas.
8. Field Operations
Small mop-up in India
4,200,000 children under age 5
280,000 vials of vaccine
50,000 square miles
37,000 vaccinators
4,000 supervisors
2,500 mobilizers
2,000 vehicles
18,000 vaccine carriers/ice/markers/chalk/tally sheets
3 days
13. Community Resistance grew in W. Uttar Pradesh,
2001
Hindu and Muslim mothers
in Western U.P. felt strongly
Muslim mothers
that polio program targets a
reported the
specific community
highest rates of
hearing rumours/
concerns about
OPV
Communities believed that… (Unicef KAP study)
o Polio immunization led to impotency
o It was a family planning program
o Different color of polio vaccines were
used for different communities
14. Shift from extensive mass
awareness approach to
addressing specific
conditions/needs of
specific groups
15. Communication response initiated
CORE volunteers
from schools,
nursing schools &
NGOs in High
risk areas of Uttar
Pradesh tackled
resistance to OPV
Increase in female vaccinators
16. Community Mobilisation Coordinators
(CMCs) were Born
• Selected from the
same communities
• To overcome
resistance and
• Sustain community
participation for polio
eradication and
routine immunization
Unicef & CORE set up the Social Mobilisation Network in
Uttar Pradesh, deploying hundreds of CMCs in High risk
areas to tackle resistance
18. Analysed ‘Resistance' to develop
‘Negotiation' strategies
Shift from instructive to negotiation approach
Focus on skill
building of
communicators
(CMCs &
Vaccinators)
19. Shift to localised mobilisation
activities
• Government mobilization
– Formation of district core groups on polio & RI
– Involvement of other departments like education,
women & child welfare, etc.
• Religious and opinion leaders’ mobilization
– Regular and continuous meetings
– Izthema meetings (Meetings of Muslim ladies)
• Targeted IPC & mother/influencer meetings
with resistant families/pockets
22. CMCs visit each pregnant woman and
give Congratulation Card after child
birth
23. CMCs track polio immunization status of children
under 5 years
By focused IPC for Communities
Mapping & Registers
Providing Immunization
status of each child to
vaccination teams
34. Migrants
• Brick Kilns
Children of parents working in brick kilns
• Construction sites
Children of parents working on construction sites
6. Slums
Migrants in urban/peri-urban slums
4. Nomads
Communities who travel from place to place for
livelihood, setting up temporary homes on empty
tracts of land near railway stations, market places,
etc.
Often work as blacksmiths, basket weavers, puppeteers,
acrobats, fortune-tellers, singers and dancers.
35. CMCs conduct special IPC sessions with migrant families on
the importance of polio & routine immunization
More than
Soap strips distributed to
4000 promote hand washing behavior
informers
enrolled
Barbers, shopkeepers, etc. engaged
as informers on migrant groups
40. Mapping for Monitoring
Relevance and Use
•Lack of detailed maps in rural & urban areas
•Need to map growth momentum
•Desire of wider audience to view the location
and data concurrently
41. CORE Work Area Map of Ward 46, Howrah, W.Bengal
Booth Locations
Tremendous progress has been made in the Global Polio Eradication efforts. There has been a 99% reduction in cases globally since 1988. Nearly 6 million cases of childhood paralysis have been averted. In 1988 more than 1000 polio cases per day were reported in more than 125 countries. Today, only 4 countries are now considered polio-endemic. (India, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Nigeria). 10 countries have re-infections in circulation, down from 19 countries last year. Stopping virus transmission is a top global priority with a goal of certifying the world polio-free 3 years after the last case. The investment thus far has been $8 billion from a large coalition of UN, foundations, bilateral donors, civil society and host countries.
Year of KAP Study????
Rope picture to be added
What year was child tracking introduced?
Better Rally picture
Add picture or coverage
Core Group India has begun to map its operations using GIS based tools. The experimental initiatives have been taken for Ward 46 of Howrah Municipal Corporation, West Bengal. The mapping will continue through subsequent rounds of polio eradication program to track the progress.