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As a society, we have created a number of financial, environmental, and social problems. If we are to solve this new generation of challenges, we must adhere to Einstein’s theory that the solutions will lie in thinking differently. In the past we built transportation systems that solved the challenges of the time; now we have a new set of challenges, and need a new set of solutions.
Balancing Mobility and Community-Troy Russ - Presentation Transcript
CNU XVII: Experiencing the
Urbanism: The Convenient Remedy
Balancing
Mobility &
Community
Cost Saving for Freeway Teardowns:
Replace, Prevent, Remove
Prepared by:
TROY RUSS, AICP
Principal
Glatting Jackson Kercher Anglin, Inc.
June 13, 2009
Baton Rouge
Past & Future
Early Settlement Pattern:
1700s-1900
Zachary
• Population: 11,000
• River & Rail Economy
Baker
Denham Walker
Springs
Baton Rouge
Port Allen
Brusly
Addis
Plaquemine
Highway Expansion:
1960 – Present
Zachary
• Population: 230,000 (Baton Rouge)
• 412,000 (East Baton Rouge Parish)
• Interstate access and urban
Baker
Central
expansion
Denham Walker
Springs
Baton Rouge
Port Allen
Brusly
Addis
Plaquemine
I-10
What’s Next?
21st Century
• Horizon Plan: Focused Growth
Zachary
Centers (Major
Regional, Regional, Community)
Baker • Intensified Corridors?
Central
• Town intensification?
(Baker, Zachary, etc.)
Denham Walker
Springs
Baton Rouge
Port Allen
Brusly
Addis
Plaquemine
What’s Next?
21st Century
Zachary
• Baton Rouge Loop??
• Intercity Passenger Rail??
Baker
Central
Denham Walker
Springs US 190
Baton Rouge
Port Allen
Brusly
Addis
Plaquemine
What’s Next?
21st Century
Zachary
• Baton Rouge Loop??
• Intercity Passenger Rail??
Baker
Central
Denham Walker
Springs US 190
Baton Rouge
Port Allen
Brusly
Addis
Plaquemine
Transportation / Land Use
Relationship
More
More Lanes
Pavement
Conventional Approach
More Roads
More Cars
System
Management
ITS
More
Efficiency
Conventional Approach
Land Use/Transportation
“The Concept”
Land Use Travel Road Capacity
generates demands
Anticipate Forecast Accommodate
Typical Regional
Program
Traffic
Needs
Engineer
Plan Widen
Program
Project Build
Other
1 2 3 4 5 Words
Local Input
Local Plans Public
Information
Technicians Public Input
Input
Land Use & Transportation – Ideal Traffic Planning
Widen
20-Year Forecast
Capacity
Years
Land Use & Transportation – The Reality
Actual
Widen
Induced Traffic
Forecast
Capacity
Years
Chain of Impacts
Widen Road
FIRST Reduce Reduce
ORDER Delay Cost
SECOND Move Range Drive Own More
ORDER Home Farther More Cars
THIRD Lose Community Big Inactivity More Increased Higher Increased
ORDER Business & Jobs Disinvestment Box Epidemic VMT Energy Carbon Household
Demand Footprint Transportation
Costs
Road Size, Not Congestion, is the Choice
No Option
Congestion
Widen
Reduced Options
Congestion
Widen
Choice
Congestion
Traffic
Capacity
Years
Transportation Statistics
Results Over the Last 50-Years
1) Vehicle Miles of Travel (VMT) Growing Faster
Than Population Growth
2) Longer Commute Times
3) Decreased Transit Ridership
Land Use Statistics
Decreased Density . . Increased Sprawl
6.98
4.85 4.96 Persons Per Acre
3.52 3.56 3.48 3.6
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2005
Charlotte’s Population Per Acre
1950-2005
Social Statistics
The physical impacts of all this
inactivity
• Increased risk of obesity
• Increased risk of major
diseases
• Diabetes
• Cardiovascular disease
• Colon cancer
• Increased symptoms of
depression
and anxiety
• Poorer development and
maintenance of bones and
muscles
Household Statistics
Education 2.1%
Misc. 8.2%
Apparel & Services 4.8%
Entertainment 5.0%
Shelter 19%
Shelter 19
Transportation 17.9
Food 13.7
Insurance & Pensions 9.6
Other Household 7.5
Health Care 5.4%
Utilities 6.8
Health Care 5.4
Entertainment 5
Apparel & Services
Education
Miscellaneous
4.8
2.1
8.2
Transportation 17.9%
Utilities
Total 6.8% 100
Other Household 7.5% Food 13.7%
Insurance & Pensions 9.6%
Source: Surface Transportation Policy Project: Driven to Spend – The Impact of Sprawl on Transportation Expenditure
Environmental Statistics
Photographer: rosevita. Used through license agreement with
morguefile.com
Cultural Statistics
Budgetary Statistics
(PENNDOT 2006-2015)
4,000
3,000
Cost to ―Improve‖
= $3.4 trillion
Gap to ―Improve" = $1.0 trillion
2,000
Gap to ―Maintain" = $415 billion
Cost to ―Maintain‖
1,000
= $2.8 trillion
$2.4 trillion
0
Cumulative Needs Existing Sources of Revenue
Current Dollars (in Billions)
Source: Cambridge Systematics, April 2006
“The problems we
have created cannot be
solved with the same
thinking that created
them….”
Image Source: Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division. Original copyright expired.
Chain of Impacts
Accept Congest
FIRST Increase Increase
ORDER Delay Cost
SECOND Improve Change Drive Own Fewer
ORDER Home Modes Less Cars
THIRD Keep Community Main Healthy Less Decreased Lower Decreased
ORDER Business & Jobs Reinvestment
Communities
VMT Energy Carbon Household
Street Demand Footprint Transportation
Costs
Supply and Demand
New ―Market‖
Price Points
Price
Old Policy
Demand
USA Today,
May 24, 2008
When you have eliminated the impossible
whatever remains, however improbable, must
be the truth.
People will get sick and
tired of traffic congestion
and...
Karl Rasmussen
State Traffic Engineer, Minnesota
…and move into
the city.
Karl Rasmussen
State Traffic Engineer, Minnesota
Case Study: Chattanooga, TN
Riverfront Parkway
Chattanooga: A Transformative
Vision
Riverfront Parkway –Traffic Flow – Year 2000
Tennessee River
19,998 ADT
(2,050) AM Peak
13,339 ADT
(1,262) AM Peak 19,482 ADT
(1,728) AM Peak
Riverfront Parkway –Traffic Flow – Year 2005
Tennessee River
Riverfront Parkway Looking From Walnut Street Bridge to Market Street Bridge: 2000
Riverfront Parkway Looking From Walnut Street Bridge to Market Street Bridge: Vision
Riverfront Parkway Looking From Walnut Street Bridge to Market Street Bridge: 2005
21st Century Waterfront – 2005
Chattanooga: A Transformative
Vision
Case Study: Trenton, N J
Use Network to Balance Traffic Impacts
The Historic Riverfront
The Change for Mobility
Time to Reclaim the River
Project Goals
• Reclaim the Delaware River Waterfront
• Improve Access to Waterfront
• Improve Safety and Provide Traffic Calming
• Promote Urban and Economic Redevelopment
• Provide Environmental Enhancements along
Assunpink Creek and Delaware River
Riverfront & Park Space
Travel Time Runs
Sullivan
Way Lee Street Parkside Calhoun Street
Avenue
1m15s Market Street
42s 2m10s
1m59s
South Warren
Cass
Street
Street From
I-195
1m40s
45s
13m26s
Difference AM Peak Hour = 2m 01s
Difference PM Peak Hour = 5 4s
Case Study: Flemington, NJ
Regulating Redevelopment to Build Transportation Infrastructure
ITE Best Project Award 2009
Existing Land Use
• Commercial strip development along
Commercial Route 31 and US 202
Industrial
• Undeveloped agricultural lands
converting to commercial and
industrial uses
• Still lots of undeveloped land
(opportunity to shape future
development pattern)
Undeveloped Land
Flemington 1850s
Flemington
Flemington Today
• Sparse Network
• Three routes all meet at
“Flemington Circle”
Flemington Circle
Flemington – On the Books
• 4-lane Bypass
• Widen existing Rt. 31 from 2 to 4
lanes
• Grade Separate
“Flemington Circle”
• 100% Designed, $100 million
(not funded)
Flemington Circle
Flemington Circle
• Bypass
– Grade Separated Circle traffic volumes
& Levels of Service
LOS C
Development Pressure
Undeveloped
(Green)
Considering
Development • Lots of moving pieces that can
(Red outline) sill be influenced
Currently
planned or
approved (Red)
An Alternative Concept:
“South Branch Parkway”
• An at grade
“parkway”
• Integrated Land Use and
• New network Transportation Strategy
connections to
provide parallel • $20 million
routes to 202 and 31
• Work with property
owners to manage
access and support
approved
development plans
Phasing: Secondary Connections
• Private Development
required to build secondary
network.
• Separate the Rt. 202, 31, &12 movements
• Transform circle to square
• Continue development of parallel street south of 202
• New site development standards that focus on the street & pedestrian
environment
• Separate the Rt. 202, 31, &12 movements
• Transform circle to square
• Continue development of parallel street south of 202
• New site development standards that focus on the street & pedestrian
environment
“ Circle to Square ”
“ Circle to Square”
Conventional Planning Connectivity Planning
LOS C LOS B
Case Study:
Montgomery County, PA
Context & Fiscal Responsibility
The Concept for US 202 Has Changed Significantly Over the Years
No Build Option
NBCP Option
$111M
Project Cost
Parkway Option
$206M
Total Project Cost
$161M
Cost to
Complete
Project Cost
Expressway Option
$465M
Total Project Cost
$383M
Cost to
Complete
Project Cost
No Significant Relief to Section 700 or Other Local Roads
93% of the Trips are Local Trips Rather than Regional Through Trips
Only 7% of
trips on US 202
are regional
through trips.
Most trips are best
served by a complete
network of local roads
37% of all trips
begin or end in
the study area.
56% of all trips are
completely local,
beginning and
ending in the study
area.
Travel Times and Total Travel
The Expressway significantly reduces Which brings more travel into the
travel time for regional through corridor
trips…
Expressway
Expressway
Parkway
Parkway
NBCP
NBCP
NB
NB
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 2,000,000
Travel Time from Doylestown to Plymouth Total Travel (VMT)
Meeting (Minutes)
Evaluation
The Goal is to Maximize Benefits to Local Trips
The Goal is to Maximize Benefits to Local Trips
NEW SOLUTION
A complete network
of local roads rather
than one new regional
route.
Case Study:
Charlotte, NC
Cost to Value
29 / 29 Weave
The Need
The 85 Connector
Rocky River
29 / 29 Weave
The “Fix” – 1998 Version
The 85 Connector
Rocky River
29 / 29 Weave
The New “Fix”– 2007 Version
City Boulevard Station
Rocky River Station
The 85 Connector
Rocky River
29 / 29 Weave
The Problem
City Boulevard Station
Rocky River Station
The 85 Connector
Rocky River
Process
1) Conducted one-on-one stakeholder
interviews October 4th and 5th:
• Crescent Resources
• Stewart Family (During UCP
City Boulevard Station Study)
• I-85 partnership – Shawn
McClaren & John Smith
• Diane Carter, George Shield, &
Bob Henderson
• Steve Mogowan & Mary
Hopper (Volvo Dealership &
UCP)
• CDOT & E&PM
• Office of Economic
Rocky River Station
Development
• CMPC
• CATS
The 85 Connector
Rocky River
Existing Conditions
Issues & Concerns:
1) Limited Street Network
• Requires 29 / 49 to accommodate all
existing and future traffic.
City Boulevard Station • Limits the potential for an Urban
Boulevard.
• Limits the Transit Oriented Development
Potential of the Study Area.
2) Roadway Design Speed and Access
• Limits Pedestrian Oriented Development
• Limits Land Development Potential.
• Prohibits Rocky River Station.
Rocky River Station
The 85 Connector
Rocky River
Primary Street Network
These streets are critical to the
success of the 29 / 49 Intersection
and can be developed as property is
developed without City money:
1) Extension of the 85 Connector to
City Boulevard.
City Boulevard Station
2) Creation of North / South Parallel
Road from connector to McCullough
Drive (Harris)
3) Extension of Shopping Center Drive
Over I- 85
Rocky River Station
The 85 Connector
Rocky River
Recommended Street
Classification
Design of the streets should follow
those identified in the City’s Urban
Street Design Guidelines:
City Boulevard Station 1) Boulevards (Red)
• North Tryon
• City Boulevard
2) Avenues (Blue)
• Commercial
• Residential
3) Main Streets (Yellow)
• Rocky River Station
4) Local (Black)
• Commercial
• Residential
Rocky River Station
The 85 Connector
Rocky River
What
If?
Public Input Connections
Throughout More Small Roads
Less Travel
Bike Routes
Business Sidewalks, Trees
Neighborhoods Great Streets
Traffic Needs
Visitor Needs Great Neighborhoods
Traffic Calming
Partners
Plan Communit
Program y
Design
Widen / or
Vision Network
Plan Other
Project
Dialogue
1 2 3 4 5
Local Plans
Land Use/Transportation
Road Design Travel Land Use
manages influences
• Lead Land Use
• Condition Protects
• Manage Supply
“Courage is being scared…
but saddling up anyway.”
— John Wayne
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