The Great Firewall as Iron Curtain 2.0: implications of China’s internet most dominant metaphor for U.S. foreign policy Chinese Internet Research Conference, Hong Kong University, June 13, 2008 Lokman Tsui Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania

Do you believe that China will inevitably change with the Internet? Country: United States Method: telephone Sample Size: 1200 Source: Zogby International Date: Jan. 31, 2007 Results: yes 43%

Country: United States Method: telephone Sample Size: 1200

Source: Zogby International Date: Jan. 31, 2007

Results: yes 43%

the paradox question of change is inevitable has not happened yet explanation for non-change? great firewall but what does the US has to do with this? long tradition back to Cold War

question of change

is inevitable

has not happened yet

explanation for non-change?

great firewall

but what does the US has to do with this?

long tradition back to Cold War

iron curtain

the great wall

firewall

firewall “a logical barrier designed to prevent unauthorized or unwanted communications between sections of a computer network”

“a logical barrier designed to prevent unauthorized or unwanted communications between sections of a computer network”

other meanings Firewall (construction) , a physical barrier inside a building or vehicle, designed to limit the spread of fire, heat and structural collapse Chinese wall , a zone of non-communication between distinct sections of a business, in order to prevent possible (and probable) conflict of interest

Firewall (construction) , a physical barrier inside a building or vehicle, designed to limit the spread of fire, heat and structural collapse

Chinese wall , a zone of non-communication between distinct sections of a business, in order to prevent possible (and probable) conflict of interest

the great firewall

many attempts HR 275 (2007) HR 4780 (2006) HR 4741 (2006) HR 2216 (2005) HR 48 (2003) HR 5524 (2002)

HR 275 (2007)

HR 4780 (2006)

HR 4741 (2006)

HR 2216 (2005)

HR 48 (2003)

HR 5524 (2002)

Global Internet Freedom Act HR 48 (2003), Chris Cox and Tom Lantos “To develop and deploy technologies to defeat Internet jamming and censorship.”

HR 48 (2003), Chris Cox and Tom Lantos

“To develop and deploy technologies to defeat Internet jamming and censorship.”

(2) to establish an office within the International Broadcasting Bureau with the sole mission of countering Internet jamming and blocking by repressive regimes;

(2) to establish an office within the International Broadcasting Bureau with the sole mission of countering Internet jamming and blocking by repressive regimes;

(8) Since the 1940s, the United States has deployed anti-jamming technologies to make Voice of America and other United States Government sponsored broadcasting available to people in nations with governments that seek to block news and information.

(8) Since the 1940s, the United States has deployed anti-jamming technologies to make Voice of America and other United States Government sponsored broadcasting available to people in nations with governments that seek to block news and information.

Global Online Freedom Act HR 275 of 2007, Chris Smith “To promote freedom of expression on the Internet, to protect United States businesses from coercion to participate in repression by authoritarian foreign governments, and for other purposes. “

HR 275 of 2007, Chris Smith

“To promote freedom of expression on the Internet, to protect United States businesses from coercion to participate in repression by authoritarian foreign governments, and for other purposes. “

thoughts great firewall = iron curtain 2.0 internet = radio, broadcasting division east-west = paramount people-government = antagonistic from GIFA to GOFA change is underway, but still long way to go

great firewall = iron curtain 2.0

internet = radio, broadcasting

division east-west = paramount

people-government = antagonistic

from GIFA to GOFA

change is underway, but still long way to go

thank you lokman tsui [email_address] http://www.lokman.org

lokman tsui

[email_address]

http://www.lokman.org

http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v =ODM21YVIe5U

http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v =ODM21YVIe5U