Trees with edible parts in forest and agroforests in Jambi landscape

Trees with edible parts in forest and agroforests in Jambi landscape Hesti L. Tata, Subekti Rahayu, Harti Ningsih World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF‐SEA) World Agroforestry Centre 1

Presentation Outline:• Population vs rice production• Rubber agroforests (RAF)• Brief description of research sites• Tree diversity of forest and RAF• Trees with edible parts• Similarity between forest and RAF• Challenges of agroforestry systems World Agroforestry Centre 2

Population vs Rice Production Source: Statistics Indonesia, 2012 ‐ Indonesia is the largest rice consumer. Rice consumption is 140kg of rice per person per year. ‐‐ MDG1: eradicate poverty and hunger. ‐‐ Challenges for agroforestry systems to  provide food in mix‐Source: Statistics Indonesia, 2012 planting between trees and crops. World Agroforestry Centre 3

Complex RAF Rubber monoculture Simple RAF World Agroforestry Centre 4

Site characteristicsWorld Agroforestry Centre 5

Landcover change in Bungo district in 1973-2008 2008 Source: Landscape Mosaic Bungo Team (2008)Drivers for deforestation at landscape level:(i) Land conversion (to oilpalm plantation, industrial forest plantation (HTI),rubber monoculture, transmigration area, shifting cultivation (land grabbing)),(ii)  Logging activities (stopped in 2000)(iii) Mining (coal)

RAF30F RAF60FForest SF25F World Agroforestry Centre 7

Species Density and Richness• Species richness and density of sapling were higher in RAF‐60, while for pole washigher in shrub‐30 and for tree was higher in forest.• RAF‐13 and RAF‐30 had higher density but also had lower species richness thanother landcover types.• Low species richness was influenced by the high dominance of rubber in everyrubber agroforest site. Source: Harti Ningsih, 2008

Trees with edible parts in research sites, BungoFamily Species name Uses Found inApocynaceae Dyera costulata latex for chewing gum RAFBombacaceae Durio zibethinus fruit RAFBurseraceae Canarium littorale nuts RAFBurseraceae Dacryodes rostrata fruit Forest and RAFClusiaceae Calophyllum venulosum fruits ForestEuphorbiaceae Aporusa octandra fruits ShurbsEuphorbiaceae Hevea brassiliensis young fruit RAFFabaceae Parkia speciosa nuts Forest and RAFMoraceae Artocarpus nitidus fruits ShurbsSapindaceae Nephelium ramboutan-ake fruits RAFSapindaceae Pometia pinnata fruits RAFSterculiaceae Sterculia foetida nuts for spice Shurbs Note: medicinal trees are not included) World Agroforestry Centre 9

Beneficial trees in RAF and Forest Class of Species Product Planted? Where? Harvest time species Introduce Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) Latex Yes Agroforest/ Daily d species Monoculture Oilpalm (Elaeis guineensis) Fruit Yes Monoculture Biweekly Local Durian (Durio zibethinus) Fruit/Tim Yes/no Agroforest Annual/ per 2-3 species ber year (10 most Petai (Parkia speciosa) Fruit Yes/no Agroforest Annual important) Duku (Lansium domesticum) Fruit Yes Agroforest Annual/ per 2-3 year Stinky bean Fruit No Agroforest Per 6 month (Archidendron jiringa) Kabau Fruit Yes/no Agroforest Per 6 month (Archidendron bubalinum) Local longan Fruit Yes/no Agroforest Annual/ per 2-3 (Dimocarpus longan) year Mangostan Fruit Yes Agroforest Annual/ per 2-3 (Garcinia mangostan) year Cempedak (Artocarpus Fruit Yes/no Agroforest Annually integer) Manau (Calamus sp) Rattan No Forest Annually Meranti (Shorea spp) Timber No Forest/Agfrst If necessary World Agroforestry Centre 10(Source: Lehebel‐Peron, 2008)

Similarity Index between Forest and RAF in various location in JambiStratum (locations) Jaccard Index SourcesSaplings (Bungo and Tebo) 0.44 Rasnovi, 2006Poles and Trees (Bungo) 0.14 Tata et al., 2008Trees (Bungo) 0.18 (this study) It is shown that in lower stratum, species level grow in RAF is more similar to forest . World Agroforestry Centre 11

Challenges of agroforestry system for food security• Tree based agroforestry, such as rubber agroforest, provides foods, mainly fruits, nuts and spices.• Trees providing carbohydrate and protein (such as bread fruit, jack fruit, candle nuts, etc.) can be enriched with enrichment planting.• Taungya system provides annual crops, such as upland, vegetables, spices, etc.• Promoting  new variety of crops with light intolerant, such as paddy and soybean, that can be grown under canopy. World Agroforestry Centre 12

Thank you World Agroforestry Centre 13

Trees with edible parts in forest and agroforests in Jambi landscape

by CIFOR on Sep 11, 2012

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Trees with edible parts in forest and agroforests in Jambi landscape Presentation Transcript