This document discusses the future of development cooperation. It characterizes current development cooperation as focused on aid and poverty reduction, but notes future challenges will require working from the "outside in" to address global issues. It uses climate change as an illustration, describing the need for "climate compatible development" strategies that help societies adapt while reducing emissions. Going forward, development cooperation will likely shift from focusing on poverty alone to also addressing global public goods, working with more countries and taking a whole-of-government approach using public-private partnerships.

1. Visioning Development
Cooperation of the Future
Simon Maxwell

2. • Characterising development cooperation
today
• Future challenges: working from the outside
in
• Illustration: climate change
• Implications for development cooperation in
the future

3. Characterising development
cooperation today
• Focused on aid for poverty reduction and
MDGs
• Driven by the search for results (often 1.0 not
2.0)
• Favouring vertical initiatives (e.g. GAVI)
• Prioritising growth (incl agriculture, energy)
• Seeking new ways of working with the private
sector
• Paying more attention to resilience
• Rediscovering governance and conditionality
• Preferring bilateral over multilateral
• Bringing all this together under the umbrella
of aid effectiveness

4. Busan outcome document
• Ownership, results and accountability
• Transparent and responsible cooperation
• Sustainable development in conflict and fragility
• Resilience
• S/S and triangular cooperation
• Private sector development
• Combating corruption
• Climate change finance
Source: Third Draft – 10 October

5. Future challenges: the problems we
are trying to help solve
Well-being
Income Health Education Inclusion Participation
Favourable national policy Favourable international policy
environment environment
Public Regulatory A B C E F G H I J K L M
expenditure environment
GPGs or ‘things we need to fix’

6. MICs, LICs and Fragile States
2003 2011
LIC 61 40
LMIC 56 56
UMIC 37 48
HIC 54 69
World 208 213
Source: Glennie, J, 2011, ‘The Role of Aid to MICs’, ODI WP 331, June

7. Things we need to fix globally
Natural
resource
nexus
Health Climate
pandemics change
Financial
stability
Knowledge
Trade
Inclusive Food
rules
globalisation security
Conflict
Energy
Migration security Fisheries

9. Climate Compatible Development
‘Climate compatible development
means reducing poverty and securing
human development in a way which
reduces the extent of climate change,
and also helps societies to adapt to
inevitable change’

10. Climate compatible development
Uganda

11. Climate compatible development
Nepal

12. Climate compatible development:
Bolivia

13. Reconstructing narratives (NAPAs)

14. Reconstructing narratives (NAMAs)

15. Managing the politics
•National:
•Giddens’ paradox
•(Maxwell’s paradox)
•Options for building a national
consensus
• The role of think-tanks
•International
•Iconic targets
•Managing international negotiations
(big bang versus incremental)

16. Implications for development
cooperation in the future
Less More
• Poverty • Global public goods
• Poor countries • Poor and middle income
countries
• Aid • Policy
• Aid departments • International development
departments
• Single ministries • Whole of Government
• Bilateral • Multilateral
• Government-to-Government • PPPs and civil society
partnerships
• Aid effectiveness • Entitlement and Partnership

17. Implications for development
agencies?
(a) Spring (b) Spigot (c) Spoon (d) Spanner

18. Website: www.simonmaxwell.eu
Twitter: @simonmaxwell001