2. Music television emerges
0 In the late 1970s the British TV show Top of the Pops
started playing music videos, however the BBC gave
limits on the number of 'outsourced' videos they
could use. Therefore a good music video would
increase a song's sales as the viewers hoped to see
it again the following week.
0 In 1981, the American video channel MTV was
launched. It started of by airing "Video Killed the
Radio Star" and beginning an era of 24/7 music on
television.
3. Importance of videos
Alan Parker filmed the Pink Floyd ‘The wall’ which
is highly metaphorical and is rich in symbolic
imagery and sound. It was a video of great
importance as rather than being created for
entertainment it was created to share political
views.
The most notable acts of this era where Adam &
the Ants, Madonna and Mylène Farmer whom all
used the great skilful construction of seductive
appeal in their music videos for their success.
Some people have compared music videos to
silent films and found that stars like Madonna
have, often quite deliberately, constructed an
image that in many ways echoes the image of the
great stars of the silent era such as Greta Garbo.
4. Queen - Bohemian Rhapsody (1975)
0 In 1975, Queen had Bruce Gowers make a promo video
for their new single "Bohemian Rhapsody" to show it
in Top Of The Pops; this is also notable for being
entirely shot and edited on videotape.
5. Michael Jackson
In 1983Michael Jackson's released a music video for
‘Thriller’ in which was 14 minutes long and is said to
be the most successful and influential music video
ever was released.
The music video cost $500 000 to produce and film.
Michael Jackson not only with his song ‘Thriller’ but
also with many of his earlier songs like ‘Beat it’ and
‘Billie Jean’ held a great role in music history as
Jacksons fame led to music videos by AfricanAmerican artists also being played on MTV.
6. 1986
Peter Gabriel – Sledgehammer
0 In 1986 a British studio called Aardman Animation
developed special effects and animation techniques
used in Peter Gabriel's song ‘Sledgehammer’.
0 This music video went on to be a phenomenal success
and win nine MTV Video Music Awards.
7. The rise of the music video directors
0 In December 1992, MTV began listing directors with the artist and song
credits, reflecting the fact that music videos had now becomemore of an
auteur's medium.
0 Directors such as Michel Gondry, Spike Jonze, Mark Romanek and Hype
Williams all got their start around this time; all having thier unique styles
to the videos they directed.
0 Some of these directors, including, Gondry, Jonze and F. Gary Gray, went
on to direct feature films. This continued a trend that had begun earlier
with directors such as Lasse Hallstrom and David Fincher.
0 During this phase MTV started up channels around the world to show
music videos produced in each area. For example MTV Latin America in
1993, MTV India in 1996 and MTV2 also in 1996 which was a channel that
showed more alternative and older music videos.
8. 3D Videos
0 In 2008 the first ever 3D video was created by
Dave Meyers and Missy Elliott for her single
Ching-a-Ling for the 3D movie Step up 2.
9. 2000 and beyond
0 By the mid-2000s, MTV and many of its other channels had
largely stopped showing music videos and instead starting
screening reality television shows which were more popular.
0 YouTube was released in 2005 which made the viewing of
online video faster and easier and became one of the most
famous websites to be ever created.
0 MySpace's similarly added a feature in 2007of video viewing
and sharing.
0 Such websites had a great effect on the viewing of music
videos and some artists began to see success as a result of
videos seen mostly or entirely online.
0 For example, the band OK Go achieved fame through videos
for two of their songs, ‘A Million Ways’ in 2005 and ‘Here It
Goes Again’ in 2006, both of which first became well-known
online.
10. The rise of YouTube
0 The 2008 video for Weezer's "Pork and Beans" also captured this trend, by
including at least 20 YouTube celebrities; the single became the most successful of
Weezer's career, in chart performance.
0 In 2007, the RIAA issued cease-and-desist letters to YouTube users to prevent
single users from sharing videos, which are the property of the music labels. After
its merger with Google, YouTube assured the RIAA that they would find a way to
pay royalties through a bulk agreement with the major record labels.
0 This was complicated by the fact that
not all labels share the same policy
toward music videos: some welcome
the development and upload music
videos to various online outlets
themselves, viewing music videos as
free advertising for their artists,
while other labels view music videos
not as an advertisement, but as the
product itself.
11. Online Music
0 MTV itself now provides streams of artists' music videos.
The internet has become the primary growth income
market for Record Company produced music videos.
0 At its launch, Apple's iTunes Store provided a section of
free music videos in high quality compression to be
watched via the iTunes application. More recently the
iTunes Store has begun selling music videos for use on
Apple's iPod with video playback capability.
0 Online music video streaming has now become a great
phenomena with radio stations showing top 10 music
videos and YouTube recently introducing the YouTube
awards.
