Emerging Technologies in a Submerging Economy The NITLE Instructional Technology Leaders Conference -------------------- Ursinus College March 27-29, 2009

The presentational plan 0. Intro Social media Mobility Gaming and virtual worlds Next? Updates Options Cost/benefit Pedagogies and other campus uses Imbrication

0. Intro

Social media

Mobility

Gaming and virtual worlds

Next?

Updates

Options

Cost/benefit

Pedagogies and other campus uses

Imbrication

Principles of Forecasting (2001) ( http://www.forecastingprinciples.com/methodologytree.html ) Apprehending the futures

Web 2.0 in 2009 -growing in scale -growing practices (after Schmelling, http://www.mcsweeneys.net/2008/7/30schmelling.html )

Web 2.0 in 2009

-growing in scale

-growing practices

“As of December 2008, 11% of online American adults said they used a service like Twitter or another service…” (Pew Internet and American Life)

comScore MediaMetrix (August 2008) Blogs: 77.7 million unique visitors in the US… Total internet audience 188.9 million eMarketer (May 2008) o 94.1 million US blog readers in 2007 (50% of Internet users) o 22.6 million US bloggers in 2007 (12%) David Sifry, September 2008; Juan Cole on the Colbert Report ( http://technorati.com/blogging/state-of-the-blogosphere / ) Universal McCann (March 2008) 184 million worldwide have started a blog | 26.4 US 346 million read blogs | 60.3 US 77% of active Internet users read blogs

comScore MediaMetrix (August 2008)

Blogs: 77.7 million unique visitors in the US…

Total internet audience 188.9 million

eMarketer (May 2008)

o 94.1 million US blog readers in 2007 (50% of Internet users)

o 22.6 million US bloggers in 2007 (12%)

Universal McCann (March 2008)

184 million worldwide have started a blog | 26.4 US

346 million read blogs | 60.3 US

77% of active Internet users read blogs

David Sifry, September 2008; ScienceBlogs ( http://technorati.com/blogging/state-of-the-blogosphere / )

How influential are blogs in the world? World Information Access 2008 Report http://www.wiareport.org/index.php/56/blogger-arrests

How influential are blogs in the world?

Social images are large 3 billion+ photos in Flickr 4,230,432 - 32,170,657 shareable (first stat, Flickr blog, November 2008 http://blog.flickr.net/en/2008/11/03/3-billion/ ; Second stat, Flickr CC search page, March 2009, http://www.flickr.com/creativecommons/ )

Social images are large

3 billion+ photos in Flickr

4,230,432 - 32,170,657 shareable

LinkedIn: 30 million users claimed http://www.techcrunch.com/2009/02/14/as-the-economy-sours-linkedins-popularity-grows/

LinkedIn: 30 million users claimed

(eMarketer, March 2009; Scott Sigler, 2008)

“ There are currently 2,807,974 articles in the English Wikipedia .” ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Size_of_Wikipedia , March 2009)

YouTube nearly youbiquitous Senate and House channels, January 2009 http://www.physorg.com/news151139956.html

Senate and House channels, January 2009

http://www.physorg.com/news151139956.html

Facebook growth 175 million users (When 200? http://markets.nitle.org/markets/18734 )

175 million users

(When 200? http://markets.nitle.org/markets/18734 )

Facebook continues to roar The quiet war with Google Also LinkedIn, Cyworld, etc. (Comscore image, via http://www.techcrunch.com/2009/01/22/facebook-now-nearly-twice-the-size-of-myspace-worldwide/ ) Social object: the person

Facebook continues to roar

The quiet war with Google

Also LinkedIn, Cyworld, etc.

Practices: data mashups, Web 2.0 as platform Open APIs Access to data “ Mashup” (AccessCeramics project, Lewis and Clark College ) Programming staff Perceived recognition

Practices: data mashups, Web 2.0 as platform

Open APIs

Access to data

“ Mashup”

Programming staff

Perceived recognition

Keeping up NITLE interest and program cloud, 2008 Practice: tag clouds

NITLE interest and program cloud, 2008

Classic forms developing Diigo

Diigo

Practices: years of edublogging Selected, documented practices: Publish syllabus Publish student papers Discussion Journaling Project blogs Public scholarship Creative writing Distributed seminars Campus organizations Prospective students Library collections Alumni relations Project management Liveblogging

Selected, documented practices:

Publish syllabus

Publish student papers

Discussion

Journaling

Project blogs

Public scholarship

Creative writing

Distributed seminars

Campus organizations

Prospective students

Library collections

Alumni relations

Project management

Liveblogging

What else? reexamine external hosting

What else? reexamine external hosting

More social object pedagogies Annotate details Remix (“Make it mine”) Jason Mittell, Middlebury College, spring 2008 ( http://justtv.wordpress.com/2008/04/22/teaching-technology-remix-video/ )

More social object pedagogies

Annotate details

Remix (“Make it mine”)

Rutgers; University of Mary Washington; http://www.journalofamericanhistory.org/podcast/

Beyond the classroom accessCeramics, Lewis and Clark College 1000 images, February 2009 ( http://accessceramics.blogspot.com/2009/02/today-is-big-milestone-as-weve-reached.html )

accessCeramics, Lewis and Clark College

1000 images, February 2009 ( http://accessceramics.blogspot.com/2009/02/today-is-big-milestone-as-weve-reached.html )

Options and possibilities RSS reading Web 2.0 literacies More integration with other tools LMS Professional content

RSS reading

Web 2.0 literacies

More integration with other tools

LMS

Professional content

Peak or ubiquity? http://www.techcrunch.com/2009/02/14/the-death-of-web-20/

Peak or ubiquity?

What is “Web 3.0”? Several models are in play: The 3-d Web The Semantic Web Web on mobile devices The social Web ( http://weblogs.elearning.ubc.ca/googlescholar/archives/046534.html )

Several models are in play:

The 3-d Web

The Semantic Web

Web on mobile devices

The social Web

Web 3D, virtual world as browser (+) energetic .edu (-) market plateau (+) travel savings (-) support challenges American Chemical Society, Second Life; Vivaty

Web 3D, virtual world as browser

(+) energetic .edu

(-) market plateau

(+) travel savings

(-) support challenges

Web 3D pedagogies Virtual worlds Teambuilding … but market size problems Second Life; Google Lively

Web 3D pedagogies

Virtual worlds

Teambuilding

II. Web 3.0? Missie Wadlandis game, http://www.wadlandis.nl/ Google Earth -2d: KML -3d: Sketchup Web 3D Google world as browser

Missie Wadlandis game, http://www.wadlandis.nl/

Web 3D

Google world as browser

Google Earth -2d: KML -3d: Sketchup -Geotagging photos, videos Mirror worlds (David Gelernter, 1991)

Google Earth

-2d: KML

-3d: Sketchup

-Geotagging photos, videos

Web 3.0: the Semantic Web Semantic tool in play: ClearForest Gnosis, FF plugin

Web 3.0: the Semantic Web “Starting today, we're deploying a new technology that can better understand associations and concepts related to your search… For example, if you search for [principles of physics], our algorithms understand that "angular momentum," "special relativity," "big bang" and "quantum mechanic" are related terms that could help you find what you need.” Google search adds semantics, March 2009 http://googleblog.blogspot.com/2009/03/two-new-improvements-to-google-results.html

“Starting today, we're deploying a new technology that can better understand associations and concepts related to your search… For example, if you search for [principles of physics], our algorithms understand that "angular momentum," "special relativity," "big bang" and "quantum mechanic" are related terms that could help you find what you need.”

Uses in education in 2009 Information Gathering Information Handling Information Publishing Simulation Experiments (see also Ensemble project, http://www.ensemble.ac.uk/ ) Team Building Computer Mediated Discussion Computer Mediated Experimentation Role Play Content Creation Content Annotation SemTech presentation, London 2009 http://www.semtech.ecs.soton.ac.uk/presentations/tt-presentation.pdf

Information Gathering

Information Handling

Information Publishing

Simulation

Experiments

(see also Ensemble project, http://www.ensemble.ac.uk/ )

Team Building

Computer Mediated Discussion

Computer Mediated Experimentation

Role Play

Content Creation

Content Annotation

[summing up] See how campus population uses Web technologies: meet them where they live? Explore how outsourcing to Web 2.0 services works for other campuses, and your own campus Develop information/media literacy approaches across departments, disciplines

See how campus population uses Web technologies: meet them where they live?

Explore how outsourcing to Web 2.0 services works for other campuses, and your own campus

Develop information/media literacy approaches across departments, disciplines

[summing up] Explore Web 2.0 affordances in other tools (ex: Scholar.com) Keep an eye out for emerging practices being used Watch Web 3.0 technologies as they emerge

Explore Web 2.0 affordances in other tools (ex: Scholar.com)

Keep an eye out for emerging practices being used

Watch Web 3.0 technologies as they emerge

Wireless and mobile devices: On the way to ubiquitous computing

Devices Kindle; Asus Eee PC (latter image from http://www.popularmechanics.com/blogs/technology_news/4247009.html )

LiveScribe; HP executives conducting themselves poorly Devices

LiveScribe;

HP executives conducting themselves poorly

Devices manu contreras

I. Hardware Audio recorders Personal response systems Cogdog, http://www.flickr.com/photos/cogdog/ NPR, http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=101343866

Audio recorders

Personal response systems

One way of looking at it All of Web 2.0, just more so Ambient Accelerating Annotating Funeral of pope John Paul, AP

All of Web 2.0, just more so

Ambient

Accelerating

Annotating

I. Hardware New storytelling forms emerge

New storytelling forms emerge

The American exception, -2008 (Found on BBC site, June 2005) PC ownership rate Land lines Network interop issues Expectations … then Blackberry and iPhone

(Found on BBC site, June 2005)

PC ownership rate

Land lines

Network interop issues

Expectations

… then Blackberry and iPhone

Pedagogies Capture and/or present Image Video Audio Text (GIPSY program, VU-SPINlab, 2005 Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam )

Capture and/or present

Image

Video

Audio

Text

More: students researching Googling on demand Local digital resources Queries to colleagues, experts, faculty, librarians Best practice, scribes: more than 1, fewer than all Assignment in class: quick finding of facts (Randy Stakeman, Colby, NITLE emerging technology workshop, 2009) Pedagogies

More: students researching

Googling on demand

Local digital resources

Queries to colleagues, experts, faculty, librarians

Best practice, scribes: more than 1, fewer than all

Assignment in class: quick finding of facts (Randy Stakeman, Colby, NITLE emerging technology workshop, 2009)

Learning spaces In the classroom one leading pilot space for wireless mode: lecture/lab Campus other sites: library, residence hall new learning spaces chunks of campus Pedagogies

Learning spaces

In the classroom

one leading pilot space for wireless

mode: lecture/lab

Campus

other sites: library, residence hall

new learning spaces

chunks of campus

Volokh Conspiracy blog, April 2007

External world increasingly reachable, present world as syllabus, research field Annotated space writing to removed units writing to space, augmenting reality (classic: Spohrer's "Information in Places") spatial information: 34 North 118 West

External world

increasingly reachable, present

world as syllabus, research field

Annotated space

writing to removed units

writing to space, augmenting reality (classic: Spohrer's "Information in Places")

spatial information: 34 North 118 West

Mobile study journaling John Schott, Carleton College, 2006

Mobile study journaling

Mobile phones and multimedia (http://www.mobiquran.com) Mobile (re)publishing

Mobile phones and multimedia

(http://www.mobiquran.com) Mobile (re)publishing

Threats Problem devices Small screens Tricky input Different interfaces That privacy issue Multitasking threats: distraction, wandering index/stimulus generational issue practice: shells down, machines open

Problem devices

Small screens

Tricky input

Different interfaces

That privacy issue

Multitasking

threats: distraction, wandering index/stimulus

generational issue

practice: shells down, machines open

Campus life changes Informal learning Social organizations alter timing and location? Emergency alerts (voluntary)

Campus life changes

Informal learning

Social organizations alter timing and location?

Emergency alerts (voluntary)

[summing up] Consider low-cost devices and apps Assess where campus population is using information Where does more mobility mean more value from digital infrastructure?

Consider low-cost devices and apps

Assess where campus population is using information

Where does more mobility mean more value from digital infrastructure?

Gaming and virtual worlds The form and industry continues to develop and grow Pedagogical uses unfolding Liberal arts campus cases and community

The form and industry continues to develop and grow

Pedagogical uses unfolding

Liberal arts campus cases and community

Diversity of game genres American teenagers, Pew Internet, 2008

Oiligarchy, Molle Industries DimensionM, Tabula Digita Jetset, Persuasive Games

Oiligarchy, Molle Industries

DimensionM, Tabula Digita

Jetset, Persuasive Games

Pedagogical functions James Paul Gee Claims games offer pedagogical experiences (2003ff) Other experts follow suit: Marc Presnsky Henry Jenkins John Seely Brown Mia Consalvo Constance Steinkuehler Kurt Squire Sample pedagogical principles: Semiotic domains; transference Embodied action and feedback Projective identity Edging the regime of competence (Vygotsky) Probe-reprobe cycle Social learning (roles; consumption-production) “ Fish tank” tutorial Strategic self-assessment

James Paul Gee

Claims games offer pedagogical experiences (2003ff)

Other experts follow suit:

Marc Presnsky

Henry Jenkins

John Seely Brown

Mia Consalvo

Constance Steinkuehler

Kurt Squire

Sample pedagogical principles:

Semiotic domains; transference

Embodied action and feedback

Projective identity

Edging the regime of competence (Vygotsky)

Probe-reprobe cycle

Social learning (roles; consumption-production)

“ Fish tank” tutorial

Strategic self-assessment

Example: multimedia literacies “… within games, there are in fact multitudes of literacy practices – games are full of text, she asserted, to say nothing of the entirely text-based fandom communities online that take place in forums, blogs and social networks.” Constance Steinkuehler, FuturePlay 2007, Toronto Quoted in http://www.gamasutra.com/php-bin/news_index.php?story =16264

“… within games, there are in fact multitudes of literacy practices – games are full of text, she asserted, to say nothing of the entirely text-based fandom communities online that take place in forums, blogs and social networks.”

Constance Steinkuehler,

FuturePlay 2007, Toronto

Quoted in

http://www.gamasutra.com/php-bin/news_index.php?story =16264

Another summary Jason Mittell, Middlebury College: games are platforms for learning… Skills Simulations Politics (criticism, activism) Media studies (psych, cultural studies, media) NITLE brownbag, January 2008

Jason Mittell, Middlebury

College: games are platforms

for learning…

Skills

Simulations

Politics (criticism, activism)

Media studies (psych, cultural studies, media)

NITLE brownbag, January 2008

How is gaming used now? Classroom and courses Curriculum content Delivery mechanism Creating games Chris Fee, Gettysburg College; Christian Spielvogel, Hope College

Classroom and courses

Curriculum content

Delivery mechanism

Creating games

Game studies Serious Games Conferences Scholarly articles and books (MIT Press) Games Learning Society conference, http://www.glsconference.org/2008/index.html

Serious Games

Conferences

Scholarly articles and books (MIT Press)

Games Learning Society conference, http://www.glsconference.org/2008/index.html

Scholarship Game studies Harry J.Brown, Videogames and education (2008). Pat Harrigan and Noah Wardrip-Fruin, eds. Third Person: Authoring and Exploring Vast Narratives (2009).

Scholarship

Harry J.Brown, Videogames and education (2008).

Pat Harrigan and Noah Wardrip-Fruin, eds. Third Person: Authoring and Exploring Vast Narratives (2009).

How is gaming used now? Libraries Collections Game night

Libraries

Collections

Game night

Some concerns Media effect (violence) Transfer across domains, platforms “ Simulation gap” Subjectivity and assessment behaviorism versus constructivism Image from Scot Osterweil, presentation to Learning from Video Games: Designing Digital Curriculums (NERCOMP SIG , 2007)

Media effect (violence)

Transfer across domains, platforms

“ Simulation gap”

Subjectivity and assessment

behaviorism versus constructivism

Liberal arts uses Gettysburg, Hope, Depauw

Liberal arts uses

Gettysburg, Hope, Depauw

More current options Already in use elsewhere: Machinima for video production Students making games (constructivism, collaboration) Information/media fluency curricula

Already in use elsewhere:

Machinima for video production

Students making games (constructivism, collaboration)

Information/media fluency curricula

Explore no- and low-cost games Inform 7, free IF editor (Richard Liston, Ursinus College, classroom example 2008)

Explore no- and low-cost games

[summing up] Learn from current projects and research Shared collections: objects and reference

Learn from current projects and research

Shared collections: objects and reference

Build the value proposition for emerging tech Or, where does ET phone home? Assessment (curriculum) Other campus benefits Admissions, alumni Participation in the world

Or, where does ET phone home?

Assessment (curriculum)

Other campus benefits

Admissions, alumni

Participation in the world

Use the networks Exploit new tools to learn about new tools Stalk friends and strangers Work the old pathways, too - “talking”, “books”

Exploit new tools to learn about new tools

Stalk friends and strangers

Work the old pathways, too - “talking”, “books”

Keep an eye on the world: Changed.gov

Keep an eye on the world: North Dakota “ Social-networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter have become vital tools for volunteers as they wage a desperate, round-the-clock battle to protect Fargo from the river and spread the word about rising floodwaters. “ Oftentimes, the government Web sites and phone lines are overloaded and don’t have the capacity to answer all the queries,” said Jeannette Sutton, a University of Colorado sociologist who has researched the use of social networking in emergencies. “ A site like Facebook is so robust, it has the strength to support this kind of usage,” she said.” “ Fargo uses social networks to fight floodwaters” Associated Press, March 27 2009

“ Social-networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter have become vital tools for volunteers as they wage a desperate, round-the-clock battle to protect Fargo from the river and spread the word about rising floodwaters.

“ Oftentimes, the government Web sites and phone lines are overloaded and don’t have the capacity to answer all the queries,” said Jeannette Sutton, a University of Colorado sociologist who has researched the use of social networking in emergencies.

“ A site like Facebook is so robust, it has the strength to support this kind of usage,” she said.”

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