A Proposal For the People of the Republique d'Haiti

The E-Macrosystem: Renewable
Energy From Regenerative Resources
Designed and written by Brent Ritzel,
A comprehensive, integrated, equitable proposal by: in consultation with Laura Zacher & Benjamin Brant

w w w. E q u i t e c h L L C . c o m

Energy + Water + Food + Jobs + Ownership

A Proposal For the People of the Republique d'Haiti

A Proposal for the People of the Republique d'Haiti
Introduction renewable energy system technologies. With the E-M, the EI / ARE Systems team has
renewable energy solutions for transforming multiple building types into revenue-producing
Equitech International, LLC (EI) is a consortium of twenty-three sister companies head-
assets that create jobs and new educational opportunities for the communityʼs residents.
ed by former leaders of Georgetown University and NASAʼs Jet Propulsion Lab. EI, in
conjunction with its wholly-owned subsidiary Advanced Renewable Energy Systems, Each E-M embodies an inventory of best practices in sustainable development. It pro-
LLC (ARE Systems). ARE Systems partners with local contractors and for-profit resi- vides a sustainable zero-carbon footprint environment for the manufacture of exportable
dent-owned community investment corporations to bring E-Macrosystems to areas like goods. Simultaneously it fulfills the need for sustainable energy derived from regenera-
Haiti that are seeking economic and energy independence and sustainability. tive resources, clean water and healthy food for the residents it serves. When combined
with localized economic development in the form of community-member majority owner-
An E-Macrosystem (E-M) is a comprehensive, stand-alone, emissions-free power plant
ship of these vital infrastructure systems, a number of value propositions arise:
and manufacturing facility consisting of several integrated, patented and proven advanced
• building of sustainable systems to support healthy
EI / ARE Systems - E-Macrosystem Tropical, Haiti [E-MT] and productive lives.
• investing in country and community-owned models
of inclusive growth and development success.
• leveraging of science and technology to develop
and deliver those tools and innovations that can lead
to exponential growth and transformational change.

EI / ARE Systems Proposal for Haiti
The EI / ARE Systems proposal for the people of the
Republique dʼHaiti calls for a three-phase deployment
of 32 E-Macrosystems from 2013 to 2018.
Phase 1, to last 30 months from 2013 to 2015, will con-
Flat roof sist of the initial deployment of 14 E-Macrosystems at
design for key ports and population centers in each geographic
area of Haiti (pages 4-5), including risk zones
facilities Gonaives, Jacmel and the Cabaret sector, and priority
located Development Centres Cap Haitien, St. Marc, Les
within the Cayes, Hinche and Port-au-Prince. Eleven of the 14 E-
Earthʼs M facilities are proposed for ocean ports to maximize
temperate E-Macrosystem Tropical: decentralization of economic and job opportunities and
zone. to establish industrial parks and regional development
Building Footprint: 105,800 ft 2
Building Area Total: 251,275 ft 2
hubs at key transportation nodes.
Steam Reformer: 75 TPD (dry) The three-year-long Phase 2 will run from 2016 to
= 187.5 TPD (wet) biomass
2018, and will include a secondary deployment of 18
Solar PV Array: 120,000 ft 2
Solar PV Efficiency: 11.3 W/ft 2
E-Macrosystems primarily in Haitiʼs rural population
Solar Insolation: 5.3 kWh/m2/day centers, half of these along the coast or on the islands.
Rain Water Collection: 5.4 gpy These will serve as the sustainable backbone of indus-
Average Rainfall: 51 inches trial parks, which will be the economic development
centers for these transforming communities.

EI, “The E-Macrosystem: Renewable Energy From Regenerative Resources • A Proposal for the People of the Republique d’Haiti” • www.EquitechLLC.com page 2

Comprehensive Solution Framework
for the People of the Republique d'Haiti
Phase 3 runs concurrently with Phases 1 & 2 and is comprised of the deployment
of E-Microsystems (E-Mi), small-scale E-M facilities, throughout Haiti, especially in
outlying regions. The EI / ARE Systems proposal integrates advanced renewable
energy systems into the design of all types of buildings and neighborhood blocks to
make them energy self-sufficient assets. These custom-retrofits and proposed hous-
ing / community developments are varieties of E-Mi facilities. These include residen-
tial housing, hotels, commercial and government buildings, and proposed villages.
The steam reforming technology of the E-M and E-Mi can process all organic
hotel, hospital, airport, or residential waste on site to generate electricity and
at the same time produce green hydrogen, biochar / organic fertilizer, pure fil-
tered bottled rainwater, and medical-grade oxygen, and a number of other
useful hydrocarbon-based commodities.

The Healthy Organic Food Option
Another potential key output is organic vegetables and fruits, which can be
readily produced via an optional 210,000 sq. ft. greenhouse complex that can

E-Macrosystem Outputs 50-Unit Apartment Complex with E-Microsystem by EI/ARE Systems
be built adjacent to and supported by an E-M, given sufficient space. This bio-inten-
PER YEAR (330 OPERATIONAL DAYS) IN HAITI PROCESSING 75 TPD OF BIOMASS sive food production system (BIFS) consists of a state-of-the-art greenhouse food
production center that has two 100,000 sq. ft. modules under glass. It also includes a
PRODUCTS Green H2 Green Electricity Vegetable Prod. Green Charcoal
________ __________ ___________ ___________ 10,000 sq. ft. packinghouse that also has space for administrative offices, storage,
POSSIBLE maintenance and mechanical/electrical systems. Each food production system utilizes
CONFIGURATIONS
Revenue Haitians Served Haitians Served Haitians Served
a number of E-M by-products in its process, including:
E-Macrosystem 4.6 mil kg 18.31 GWh 0 lbs 3,960 tons • Use of clean, renewable energy produced by the E-M
no Greenhouse $18.38 mil 303,125 Haitians 0 Haitians 22,370 Haitians • Use of CO2 from the E-M to enhance crop production
• Use of organic fertilizer / biochar from E-M to replentish soil nutrients
E-Macrosystem 4.6 mil kg 12.28 GWh 965,880 lbs 3,480 tons
w/ Greenhouse $18.38 mil 203,300 Haitians 18,575 Haitians 19,660 Haitians The BIFSʼ rainwater collection system are also designed to meet the total water
needs of the greenhouses. The added cost of a BIFS is only about $5 million, which
E-M w/ Greenhouse 4.6 mil kg 6.24 GWh 1.93 mil lbs 3,000 tons sees rather speedy payback given the production of nearly 2 million pounds of veg-
maximum veg. prod. $18.38 mil 103,300 Haitians 37,150 Haitians 16,950 Haitians etables and fruits per year. The primary food products grown may include: tomatoes,
cucumbers, peppers, leafy greens, herbs, berries and melons.
Notes: These outputs represent the productivity of one single E-Macrosystem. Both E-M and E-Mi facilities provide closed-loop, cradle-to-cradle, sustainable, emis-
Green Electricity “Haitians Served” based upon 60 kWh per person per year (twice the current sions-free solutions to energy production through the utilization of two regenerative
annual per capita usage of 30 kWh/yr). E-M deployment will triple current operational capacity. resources, the sun and biomass / waste. As processes of the E-M / E-Mi operation,
Vegetable Prod. (Vegetable Production) “Haitians Served” based upon one pound of fresh, organic waste and other pollutants are cleaned up, ecological systems are reinvigorated, clean
vegetables per person per week. water and healthy organic fruits and vegetables are produced (if the greenhouse option
Green Charcoal “Haitians Served” based upon 0.97 pounds of charcoal needed per person per day. is chosen), while jobs, income and wealth are created directly for the people of Haiti.


A Proposal for the People of the Republique d'Haiti
The E-Macrosystem is a 7.93 MW advanced renewable energy system power plant and manufacturing facility that is the basis
for a comprehensive, integrated, distributed and flexible infrastructure framework. Their deployment will provide the structure
through which Haiti can achieve environmental protection while meeting the economic and social development needs of the
people of the Republique d'Haiti. The proposalʼs implementation is centered on the building of 32 E-M facilities in two phases,
in addition to the construction of numerous E-Mi facilities and retrofits in a Phase 3 that runs concurrently with Phases 1 & 2:

Phase 1: Deployment of 14 E-Macrosystems Phase 2: Deployment of 18 E-Macrosystems
2013 – 2015 at key ports / population centers 2016 – 2018 in outlying population centers
Port-au-Prince [population 875,978] Delmas [population 359,451] and Toussaint Louveture
capital of Ouest, near Port-au-Prince Seaport International Airport - near power transmission plant
Carrefour [population 430,250] - near KIllick Seaport Martissant [population 165,000] - near the power plant
Croix-des-Bouquets [population 84,812]
Pétionville [population 271,175] Léogáne [population 78,477]
Cité Soleil [population 241,055] - on Port-au-Prince Bay Petit-Gôave [population 76,243]
Gonaïves [population 228,725] - capital of Artibonite Ouanaminthe [population 58,250]
Desdunes [population 27,293]
Cap-Haïtien [population 155,505] - capital of Nord with Dessalines [population 26,219]
Saint-Marc [population 122,747] Petite Riviére de lʼArtibonite [population 35,007]
Port-de-Paix [population 99,580] with Verrettes [population 14,015]
capital of Nord-Ouest Anse-á-Galets [population 39,783]
with Saint-Louis-du-Nord [population 30,037] Limbé [population 39,756]
Saint Michel de l'Attalaye [population 30,412]
Tabarre [population 99,011] Tortuga [population 25,936] - Island north of Port-de-Paix
Les Cayes [population 71,236] - capital of Sud Anse-dʼHainault [population 23,185]
Jacmel [population 39,643] - capital of Sud-Est Fort-Liberte [population 20,463] - capital of Nord-Est
Mirebalais [population 15,562]
Jérémie [population 34,788] - capital of GrandʼAnse Île à Vache [population 10,000 to 15,000]
Hinche [population 30,595] - capital of Centre Island southeast of Les Cayes
Cabaret sector in the Fond Mombin zone Miragoåne [population 10,947] - capital of Nippes
Môle Saint-Nicolas [population 4,000, with 20,000 in
All population statistics are July 2009 totals provided by the surrounding area]
Institut Haitien de Statistique et d'Informatique (IHSI).


Ouanaminthe

E-Macrosystem Deployment in Haiti
Phase 1: Initial thirty-month deployment of
14 E-Macrosystems at key ports
2013 - 2015 and population centers.

Phase 2: Secondary three-year deployment
of 18 E-Macrosystems in rural
2016 - 2018 population centers.

Tabarre

E-Microsystem Deployment in Haiti
Phase 3: Integrated, closed-loop
E-Microsystem-based residential housing, hotels, commercial and government
2013 - 2018 buildings, and planned villages will be deployed primarily in the outlying areas.
www.EquitechLLC.com


E-Macrosystem Deployment in the Port-au-Prince Area
Ta b a r r e

www.EquitechLLC.com

E-Macrosystem Deployment in Port-au-Prince
Phase 1: Deployment of 5 E-Macrosystems in Pétitionville, Tabarre,
2013 - 2015 the seafront in Cité Soleil, and at the main seaports.
Phase 2: Secondary deployment of 2 E-Macrosystems near
2016 - 2018 current power plant and near power transmission plant.


THE E-MACROSYSTEM: RENEWABLE ENERGY REGENERATIVE RESOURCES
FROM
Energy • Biomass Resources for the People of the Republique d'Haiti

The Impact of 32 E-Macrosystems on Haiti power throughout Haiti via the non-combustion steam reformation of biomass and
waste feedstocks. “Difficulty in accessing electricity” need no longer be “another
The EI / A R E Systems proposal offered to the people of the Republique dʼHaiti
constraint felt by most sectors.”
includes the deployment of 32 E-M industrial parks in three phases over a five and
a half year time frame. The thirty-month Phase 1 from 2013 to 2015 will see the A decentralized approach will also empower outlying cities and rural towns of Haiti
deployment of 14 E-Ms at key ports and population centers throughout Haiti. The with the production of precious life-support commodities, jobs, and ownership of the
three-year-long Phase 2 will run from 2016 to 2018, and will include a secondary means of production. Many regions throughout Haiti will have access to reliable
deployment of 18 E-Ms primarily in Haitiʼs rural population cen- electricity for the first time. The future growth and eco-
ters. Phase 3 will include deployment of smaller E-Mi facilities nomic development of Haiti is dependent upon this
throughout Haiti, especially in outlying regions, starting in 2013. widespread availability of electricity, as elucidated in
H a i t i ʼs Action Plan: “After restoration, the countryʼs
The EI / A R E Systems proposal for the people of the Republique
development requires access to electricity to be more
dʼHaiti is best understood as a strategic comprehensive response,
widespread in regional centres for the growing popula-
decades in development, to the humanitarian and economic crisis
tion and for economic development requirements.”
in Haiti. It provides solutions synergistically aligned with March
2010ʼs “Action Plan For National Recovery And Development of
Haiti: Immediate Key Initiatives for the Future.”
Fuel Resources for the People
of the Republique dʼHaiti
Energy for the People of the Republique dʼHaiti Municipal and Agricultural Biomass
Haiti is a nation whose estimated 2010 operational capacity is 35 The average Port-au-Prince resident produces 1.18
MW of power with 273.0 GWh total electricity consumption. The pounds of municipal biomass per day, while the aver-
maximum energy available to the electrical grid produced by 32 E- age Haitian resident outside the metropolitan area
Ms would be 74 MW power with 586 GWh/yr of electricity avail- produces 0.77 pounds per day. Municipal waste in
able for consumption. Those totals would triple both the current Haiti (at least in Port-au-Prince) is composed of 75%
operational capacity and total electricity consumption in Haiti, rais- organic matter (food cast-offs). Due to the moisture
ing the per capita consumption from 30 kWh/yr to 90 kWh/yr, with content of municipal solid waste, approximately
two-thirds of that being provided sustainably from regenerative 187.5 wet tons of MSW is equivalent to 75 dry tons
resources. of MSW, which is sufficient to power the E-M steam
reformer for 24 hours.
If the greenhouse option is utilized in the case of all 32 E-Ms,
then a significant amount of power is diverted towards the produc- The day-to-day municipal biomass of 318,000 residents
tion of healthy, organic vegetables and fruits over a total of 147.2 acres. The total of Port-au-Prince would provide enough feedstock to power one E-Macrosystem for a
operational capacity added to the grid, then, would be 25.2 MW, with 165.1 addition- day, which in turn would create enough power for a community of 303,125 Haitians
al GWh/yr of electricity available for consumption. This equates to 3.3 million (making an additional 60 kWh/yr available per person of clean, renewable energy
Haitians, one-third of the population, having access to an additional 60 kWh/yr. from regenerative resources).

The E-M also produces a large volume of clean biofuel in the form of green hydro- Clearly agricultural biomass (i.e. bagasse) would be utilized to power E-M in rural or
gen, with the 32 E-Ms creating in excess of a combined 147 million kg of green less populated regions, as hundreds of thousands will be facing their first ever
hydrogen per year possessing a market value of $588.2 million. access to electrical service. Prior to the January 12, 2010 earthquake just 12.5% of
the residents of Haiti received electrical service (legally). Haitiʼs projected total elec-
These technologies and their wide application would break the downward spiral of tricity consumed for 2010 is 273.0 GWh, the same annual electrical output as just
fossil fuel dependency and natural resource depletion, as E-Ms will bring distributed 15 E-Ms set to maximize energy production.


FROM
Water • Sanitation • Agriculture for the People of the Republique d'Haiti
Water for the People of the Republique dʼHaiti receiving more than 51 inches of precipitation on average per year, each E-M will cap-
ture and process more than 5.35 million gallons of rainwater per year. The water is
Traditional energy power plants have unsustainable water requirements for opera-
utilized by the E-Mʼs many systems or purified into high-quality drinking water, provid-
tion, with hydroelectric plants evaporating an average of 18 gallons of fresh water ing another vital life-support product for the people of the Republique dʼHaiti.
per kWh consumed by the end user, and coal and nuclear plants often requiring
usage of more than 30 gallons per kWh. Any additional water needed with the greenhouse option will met by the rainwater
collection systems on the greenhouses themselves. Safe, clean potable water is
The E-M has no need for outside water resources. The E-M steam reformation absolutely fundamental to the people of Haiti, as water-borne illnesses account for
process utilizes the moisture content from the biomass. The E-M includes a rainwater 80% of all diseases in the nation. Even prior to the devastating earthquake of
Collection System (and associated purification system), and there is a fully integrated January 12th, less than 45% of all Haitians had access to potable water.
and closed-loop water / steam cogeneration system. In fact, even after all the inter-
nal water usage needs of the 32 E-Ms are met, there will still be 83.2 million gallons Sanitation for the People of the Republique dʼHaiti
available for sale to local consumers. This can meet the annual water needs of
E-M deployment also provides a distributed emissions-free waste treatment process
57,000 Haitians, who on average use four gallons of water per day.
that is net carbon negative. The steam reformation system can process and render
Each rainwater collection system is complemented by an advanced water purification non-toxic a number of different biomass feedstreams, including biomass from farm
system that will process rainwater collected from each E-Mʼs rooftop. With Haiti crop residuals, urban municipal solid wastes, and sewage / sludge.
Thirty-two E-M facilities have the potential of processing more than
EI/ARE Systems 2.2 million tons of raw sewage annually, more than that produced
Tropical Village by the entire nation of Haiti each year. A distributed network of such
systems would be absolutely transformative to a nation that does
E-Microsystem not have a single sewage treatment plant.

Food for the People of the Republique dʼHaiti
Each E-M can optionally come with an adjacent 210,000 sq. ft. (4.6
acre) bio-intensive food production greenhouse facility that would uti-
lize a number of the E-Macrosystemʼs by-products (renewable green
energy, waste heat, CO2, water and organic fertilizer) to enhance the
year-round production of high quality, healthy, fresh organic vegeta-
bles and fruits for the surrounding communities.
Thirty-two E-M facilities with accompanying greenhouses, producing at
maximum capacity, would produce in excess of 61.8 million pounds of
vegetables per year, which would provide nearly 1.2 million Haitians
with one pound of fresh, healthy, organic vegetables per week. T h i s
would be incredibly transformative given that since the earthquake of
January 12, 2010, many Haitians eat only one adequate meal every
three days, and many of the poorest have resorted to subsisting prima-
rily on dirt or mud in the form of “clay cakes” that consist of clay, salt
and some form of fat (vegetable shortening, butter, oil, etc.) According
to the World Food Program, the typical Haitian adult diet consists of just
1,640 calories, 640 calories less than the average adult requirement.


FROM
Food Security • Environment for the People of the Republique d'Haiti
E-M deployment sets the stage for an evolutionary change in Haitiʼs farming prac- residents of Port-au-Prince, are dependent upon a daily supply of charcoal to meet their
tices while maintaining the requirements of environmental protection and sustainable cooking fuel needs. This $150 million a year industry employs 5% of Haitiʼs workforce.
development. The EI / ARE Systems proposal for the people of the Republique
E-M deployment will provide alternative jobs to tree-based charcoal production and the
dʼHaiti would also boost Haiti National Production Objectives of increasing supply of
continued deforestation of Haiti that causes lower crop yields, increased vulnerability to
and access to agricultural food products, providing opportunities for integration of
flooding, and massive soil erosion, which thereby results in an estimated 6,000 hectares
displaced persons, and distributed job creation, especially in the outlying regions.
(more than 23 square miles) of soil being lost each year to erosion. These conditions are
The latter two are addressed below.
exacerbated by Haitiʼs location along the hurricane belt and the frequent hurricane floods
Food Security for the People of the that redistributes soil into the countryʼs rivers and streams,
adversely impacting the potable water supply.
Republique dʼHaiti
Haiti would most benefit from a return to the past, when as E-Ms can provide a non-combustion means of green char-
a nation it fully and self-sufficiently met the food needs of its coal production via steam reformation of biomass (i.e.
people. Today Haiti uses about 80% of its export earnings bagasse) and waste. Port-au-Prince Municipal Solid Waste
just to pay for food imports, while also importing 82% of the is 75% organic matter, food cast-offs. E-Ms create a green
nationʼs total consumption, $200 million per year. charcoal product that can be utilized as a cooking and
heating fuel. While the preferred use for the green char-
An October 2009 report by the Famine Early Warning coal is as carbon sequestering biochar or organic fertilizer,
Systems Network indicated that more than 1.8 million of utilizing green charcoal made from regenerative resources
Haitiʼs nearly 10 million inhabitants are “food-insecure,” as a cooking fuel is a far better alternative to the continued
which makes Haiti very vulnerable to both natural disas- deforestation and soil degradation of Haiti.
ters and fluctuations in the price of the basic commodi-
ties of international markets. Thirty-two deployed E-Ms could produce as much as
126,720 total tons of green charcoal per year, enough to
When Haiti went from near rice self-sufficiency in 1990, meet more than 46% of the Port-au-Prince populationʼs
to importing 80% of the rice the nation consumed, con- requirement of 1.5 million pounds of charcoal per day.
sumers were exposed to the vagaries of international 4,000 tons of Haitian forest will continue to be razed each day to meet this demand
subsidy-assisted pricing and a five-fold increase in the price of rice from 2003 to until this viable alternative of green charcoal produced from the non-combustion
2008. From 2007 to 2008 global wheat prices rose 181%, the cost of oils and fats steam reformation of biomass and waste is implemented, or until reliable and aff o r d-
increased 106%, and overall global food prices increased by 83%. able electricity is provided to millions more Haitians through strategic deployment of
Reclaiming a vital agricultural industry is essential for Haiti in achieving sustainable eco- E-M power plants and manufacturing facilities.
nomic development, and reclaiming food security and food sovereignty. The combination
of deployed E-Ms and connected greenhouses will assist in re-launching an era of Jobs for the People of the Republique dʼHaiti
heightened Haitian food production and self-sufficiency through the modernization of the Haiti is a nation that has been plagued by a high unemployment rate for decades, a situ-
agricultural sector that already accounts for more than 50% of the workforce. ation that has been even more greatly exacerbated by the January 12, 2010 earth-
quake. Estimates now place the unemployment rate in Haiti to be in the 70% to 80%
Environmental Protection for the People of the Republique dʼHaiti range, with no more than 4% of the population having full-time permanent employment,
Green Charcoal Production and Curbing Deforestation and more than 50 percent of employed Haitians working in agriculture.

One of the keys to setting the stage for a growing agricultural industry is to set into Thirty-two E-M facilities deployed in Phases 1 & 2 over a five and a half year period will
motion a comprehensive strategy for reducing the demand for wood-based charcoal. T h i s create a number of employment opportunities to the people of Haiti both in temporary full-
demand is one of the leading causes of Haitiʼs most recent bout with deforestation that time construction jobs (4,800) and permanent full-time power plant and manufacturing
has rendered the nation 98.4% deforested. Millions of Haitians, including over 1.5 million facility jobs (7,456). Additional indirect job creation (5,120) will occur among construction


FROM
Jobs • Income • Ownership for the People of the Republique d'Haiti
materials manufacturers, machinery and equipment manufacturers, and producer services, including
feedstock suppliers, agriculture, charcoal, forestry, medical, tourism, retail and general services.
E-M deployment will greatly diversify available jobs in Haiti, providing a number of positions in
advanced energy technology system development and manufacturing, placing Haiti as a world
leader in the manufacture of cutting-edge comprehensive and integrated advanced renewable
energy systems. The creation of new jobs in outlying regions where E-Ms are located also serves
as an incentive for the redistribution of Haitiʼs population.
Additionally, technical and educational training opportunities will be provided related to manufac-
ture and operation of new technologies destined for the new energy economy. The EI / ARE
Systems proposal creates jobs, income and wealth, and transforms communities into international
participants in the manufacture and distribution of industry-leading energy technologies.

Income for the People of the Republique dʼHaiti
Each of the 32 E-Ms deployed throughout Haiti will generate a substantial economic impact on
the local and regional economy, far beyond the 433 direct and 160 indirect full-time jobs accom-
panying each site. Each E-M will be majority owned by the residents of the local community /
region, such that each community member owns one equal share.
Once financing for each E-M is repaid income in the form of dividends will flow to the majority
owner-resident shareholders. This income will come from the production, sale and on-site utiliza-
tion of renewable energy and other by-products, as well as from leasing space within the E-M
facility to manufacturers of clean energy products.
The EI / ARE Systems Haiti proposal puts capital-producing assets directly into the hands of all
residents in the communities where the 32 E-Ms are located. These distributed power plants /
manufacturing facilities will serve as regional development centers that provide a foundation for
the deconcentration and redistribution of Haitiʼs people and their economic activities.

Ownership for the People of the Republique dʼHaiti
Why work to create a sense or feeling of ownership among the people of the Republique dʼHaiti,
when actual shareholder ownership of capital-producing assets is available through the EI / ARE
Systems proposal? These infrastructure project assets, in addition to providing income for local
resident shareholder owners, provide the fundamental life support products for Haitiʼs people.
These include clean renewable electricity, green hydrogen, medical-grade oxygen, bottled fresh
water, nitrogen-free phosphate-based fertilizer or green charcoal, and if the greenhouse option is
implemented, fresh organic produce including tomatoes, cucumbers and leafy green vegetables.
The people of the Republique dʼHaiti will have clean energy alternatives to the fossil fuel burning
plants and generators and tree-based charcoal production that all degrade the environment and
the quality of Haitian life in general. Shared ownership of these essential infrastructure systems
also provides all residents in communities where E-Ms are deployed with an income regardless of
age, gender or health.
EI/ARE Systems - New Millenium Town


THE E-MACROSYSTEM: RENEWABLE ENERGY FROM REGENERATIVE RESOURCES

Steam Reformation of Biomass
The steam reformation system is the power plant of This combination causes the breakdown of all
the E-Macrosystem, transforming 75 dry tons of bio- molecular bonds so that 100% of the molecules are
mass or waste per day into 7.5 MW of power. This decomposed down to their atomic state.
system achieves the transformation of biomass to
energy without burning or incineration of the regen- This steam reformation process produces a num-
eratively available biomass feedstock, while also not ber of marketable “life support” by-products, includ-
producing any other harmful emissions. ing green hydrogen, medical-grade oxygen, metal
pellets, glass beads, and a clean H2-rich synthesis
Since the inception of the human species 250,000 gas (syngas). This high-quality green syngas in
years ago, the only way in which we have accessed turn powers a high temperature solid oxide fuel cell
the energy – the “trapped sunlight” – in organic (SOFC) that generates green electricity for usage
material is by incinerating it. in the E-M manufacturing facility or for sale to the
grid while only emitting water and heat.
This all changed a couple of decades ago with the
invention of an advanced steam reforming technolo- No harmful emissions or green house gases are
gy that vaporizes organic liquids and gasifies organ- released with this technology, as any CO2 emitted CO2 needed to drive the steam reform-
ic solids through the utilization of indirect heat and from the anode of the syngas-fed SOFC is recycled ing chemical reactions. The remaining
the introduction of superheated steam and CO2. and utilized to supply the endothermic heat and carbon is sequestered as an inert and
sterile residue, suitable as nitrogen-free
www.EquitechLLC.com
organic fertilizer, carbon-sequestering
biochar, or “green” charcoal.
The steam reformer is a non-incineration
biomass-to-energy system that is unique-
ly capable of processing a variety of bio-
mass feedstreams, including agricultural
waste, feedlot waste, forestry clippings,
coal and other hydrocarbon fuels, munici-
pal waste, sewage sludge, toxic waste,
chemical waste, pharmaceuticals, and
hospital / medical waste. By breaking bio-
mass organics down to their atomic com-
ponents, the steam reformer has proven
to renders toxins inert, and concentrate
radioisotopes into manageable clusters.
As the recipient of a $24 million proof of
concept demonstration that was complet-
ed in Oak Ridge, T N in 1995, the steam
reformer has primarily been utilized by pri-
vate industry over the past 15 years to
process a variety of waste material includ-
ing radioactive, pharmaceutical, paint and
solvent wastes, creosote contaminated
soils, and military classified waste.


THE E-MACROSYSTEM: RENEWABLE ENERGY FROM REGENERATIVE RESOURCES

Solar Regenerative Fuel Cell
The solar regenerative fuel cell (SRFC) provides power to gen and oxygen constituents through an electrolysis
the E-M manufacturing facility “around the clock” through process in order to repeat the cycle as needed.
the use of 146,450 square feet of solar photovoltaic (PV)
During the night, when the solar arrays are inactive, the
arrays, a 250 kW low temperature fuel cell, a solar-pow-
fuel cell subsystem is turned on to supply the majority of
ered electrolysis subsystem and the regenerative
the required nighttime loads with backup power from an
resource of the sun.
energy storage systems (batteries) to carry power
When the sun shines, the solar PV arrays not only put through the night. Water is stored and later separated
out enough DC power to satisfy the daytime loads of the back into its hydrogen and oxygen constituents by the
facility, but also to supply power to the electrolyzer sub- solar-powered electrolyzer during the next daylight por-
system, which dissociates (“cracks”) water and stores the tion of the cycle. Therefore, the SRFC system does not
resulting pure hydrogen and oxygen in storage tanks. require any supply of external fuel to operate its fuel cells,
the sun is the only source of external energy required.
At the end of the day, the hydrogen is then used as the
primary fuel and combined with the oxygen to run the This solar regenerative fuel cell technology was originally
low temperature fuel cell to produce high quality developed at NASA Jet Propulsion Lab for space and lunar
“green” electricity. applications, to create a sustainable stand-alone base that
was a closed loop ecosystem, where all the outputs are
The SRFC systems, through operation of the fuel cell, transformed into life support inputs in a continuous cycle.
convert the chemical energy from hydrogen and oxy-
gen into green electricity that can power the E-M man- A $30 million proof of concept of the SRFC technology
ufacturing facility. Any surplus green electricity is sold took place from 1987 to 1995 at Edwards Air Force
to retail customers and the grid. Base in California. The tests were eminently successful
in proving the system can work continuously “24/7” no
The only by-products from the fuel cell are pure water matter when the sun shines; thus the system demon-
and low-grade waste heat. The pure water by-product strated that it could provide reliable premium power
is stored and later converted back into its pure hydro- that is clean, quiet and efficient.


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