2. Simple machines are tools that make work
easier. They reduce the effort needed to do
work. They have one or two parts.
There are many different simple machines but
they can be divided into 3 main types:
1. Levers
2. Inclined planes
3. Pulleys

3. A lever is a rigid bar with a pivot point. When
we do work, a lever has 2 forces: an effort and
a resistance.
EFFORT
PIVOT
POINT
RESISTANCE

4. Many simple machines that we use every day
are examples of levers.
R
R
R
PP
PP
PP
E
E
E

5. An inclined plane is a ramp used to lift and
lower objects. It makes work easier by reducing
the effort necessary to lift or lower an object.

6. A pulley is a
wheel with an
axle in the
centre and a
rope that runs
around the
outside. We
use it to lift or
lower objects.
axle
wheel
rope
effort

7. Complex machines have many parts and
combine 2 or more simple machines. Each
part of a complex machine has a different
function.

8. How does a tricycle work?
It contains simple machines as well as other parts.

9. All machines need energy to work. There are
different types of energy.
The most common types are:
- Energy from people and animals
- Energy from electricity
- Energy obtained by burning fuels

10. Energy from people or animals
Many simple and complex machines get the
energy they need to work from people or
animals.

11. Many complex machines use electrical energy
from mains electricity or from batteries.
Energy from electricity

12. Many complex machines burn fuels, wood or
biomass to get the energy they need.
Energy from burning fuels