Basic concept of marketing management, sales and economy

1. Introduction to Marketing Management

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What is Marketing…??
Selling?
Advertising?
Promotions?
Making products available in stores?
Maintaining inventories?
All of the above, plus much more!

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Marketing = ?
Marketing is a social and managerial process
by which individuals and groups obtain what
they need and want through creating and
exchanging products and value with others.
-Philip Kotler

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Marketing Management= ?
Marketing management is the art and science of
choosing target markets and getting, keeping, and
growing customers through creating, delivering, and
communicating superior customer value.

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Simple Marketing System
Industry
(a collection
of sellers)
Market
(a collection
of Buyers)
Goods/services
Money
Communication
Information

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Marketing = ?
 Marketing is the sum of all activities that take you to a
sales outlet. After that sales takes over.
 Marketing is all about creating a pull, sales is all about
push.
 Marketing is all about managing the four P’s –
 product
 price
 place
 promotion

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The 4 Ps & 4Cs
Marketing
Mix
Product
Price Promotion
Place
Customer
Solution
Customer
Cost
Communication
Convenience

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Difference Between - Sales & Marketing ?
Sales
trying to get the customer to want what the
company produces
Marketing
trying to get the company produce what
the customer wants

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Scope – What do we market
 Goods
 Services
 Events
 Experiences
 Personalities
 Place
 Organizations
 Properties
 Information
 Ideas and concepts

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Core Concepts of Marketing
Based on :
 Needs, Wants, Desires / demand
 Products, Utility, Value & Satisfaction
 Exchange, Transactions & Relationships
 Markets, Marketing & Marketers.

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Needs, wants
demands
Markets Marketing &
Marketers
Utility, Value &
Satisfaction
Xchange, Transaction
Relationships
Products
Core Concepts of Marketing

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Core Concepts of Marketing
 Need – food ( is a must )
 Want – Pizza, Burger, French fry's ( translation of a need
as per our experience )
 Demand – Burger ( translation of a want as per our
willingness and ability to buy )
 Desire – Have a Burger in a five star hotel

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In order to understand Marketing let us begin with the
Marketing Triangle
Customers
CompetitionCompany

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Who is a Customer ??
Anyone who is in the market looking at a product /
service for attention, acquisition, use or consumption
that satisfies a want or a need
CUSTOMER IS . . . . .

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Customer –
CUSTOMER has needs, wants, demands and
desires
Understanding these needs is starting point of the
entire marketing
These needs, wants …… arise within a framework
or an ecosystem
Understanding both the needs and the ecosystem is
the starting point of a long term relationship

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How Do Consumers Choose Among
Products & Services?
Value - the value or benefits the customers gain from
using the product versus the cost of obtaining the
product.
Satisfaction - Based on a comparison of performance
and expectations.
 Performance > Expectations => Satisfaction
 Performance < Expectations => Dissatisfaction

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Customers - Problem Solution
As a priority , we must bring to our customers
“WHAT THEY NEED”
We must be in a position to UNDERSTAND their
problems
Or in a new situation to give them a chance to AVOID
the problems

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Customer looks for Value
Value = Benefit / Cost
Benefit = Functional Benefit + Emotional
Benefit
Cost = Monetary Cost + Time Cost +
Energy Cost + Psychic Cost

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Strategic Marketing
Strategic marketing management is concerned with
how we will create value for the customer
Asks two main questions
 What is the organization’s main activity at a
particular time? – Customer Value
 What are its primary goals and how will these be
achieved? – how will this value be delivered

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Strategic Planning
Strategic Planning is the managerial process of
creating and maintaining a fit between the
organization’s objectives and resources and the
evolving market opportunities.
 Also called Strategic Management Process
 All organizations have this
 Can be Formal or Informal

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The Strategic-Planning, Implementation,
and Control Process

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Business Strategic-Planning Process
External environment
(Opportunity &
Threat analysis)
Internal Environment
(Strength/ Weakness analysis)
Goal FormulationBusiness Mission

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Strategy Formulation
Environmental Analysis
Internal AnalysisCompetitor
Customer
Supplier
Regulatory
Social/ Political
Technology Know-How
Manufacturing Know-How
Marketing Know-How
Distribution Know-How
Logistics
Strength & Weaknesses
Identity Core Competencies
Opportunities & Threats
Identify opportunity
Fit internal Competencies with external opportunities
Firm Strategies

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The Marketing Plan
A written document that acts as a guidebook of
marketing activities for the marketing manager

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CONTENTS of MARKETING PLAN
Business Mission Statement
Objectives
Situation Analysis (SWOT)
Marketing Strategy
 Target Market Strategy
 Marketing Mix
 Positioning
 Product
 Promotion
 Price
 Place – Distribution
 People
 Process
Implementation, Evaluation and Control

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The Marketing Process
Business
Mission
Statemen
t
Objective
s
Situation
or SWOT
Analysis
Implementation
Evaluation, Control
Target Market
Strategy
Marketing Strategy
Product
Promotion
Place/Distribution
Price
Marketing Mix

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Why a product like radio declined
and now once again emerging as
an entertainment medium ?

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What Were the Drivers of This Change ?
Technology ?
Government policy ?
Other media substitutes ?

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Why Market Leaders Suffered ?
 HMT vs. Titan
 HLL vs. Nirma
 Bajaj vs. Honda
 Dot.com boom, then bust and now resurgence
 Market leadership today cannot be taken for
granted.New and more efficient companies are able
to upstage leaders in a much shorter period.

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Factors
Influencing
Company’s
Marketing
Strategy

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DemographicsDemographics
Social
Change
Social
Change
Economic
Conditions
Economic
Conditions
Political &
Legal Factors
Political &
Legal Factors
TechnologyTechnology
CompetitionCompetition
Environmental
Scanning
Target Market
Product
Distribution
Promotion
Price
Product
Distribution
Promotion
Price
External Environment
is not controllable Ever-Changing
Marketplace
External Marketing Environment
Physical / Natural

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The macro-environment
is the assessment of the external forces that act upon the
firm and its customers, that create threats & opportunities

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P r o d u c tP r o d u c t

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Anything that is offered to the market for
attention, acquisition, use or consumption that
satisfies a want or a need
Product is . . . . .

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Types of Products
Consumer
Products
Industrial
Products
PRODUCTS
Services

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Product Life Cycle

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Product Items, Lines, and Mixes
Product ItemProduct Item
Product LineProduct Line
Product MixProduct Mix
A specific version of a product
that can be designated as a
distinct offering among an
organization’s products.
A specific version of a product
that can be designated as a
distinct offering among an
organization’s products.
A group of closely-related
product items.
A group of closely-related
product items.
All products that an
organization sells.
All products that an
organization sells.

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Gillette’s Product Lines & Mix
Blades and Writing
razors Toiletries instruments Lighters
Fusion – 5 blade
Mach 3 Turbo
Mach 3 Series Paper Mate Cricket
Sensor Adorn Flair S.T. Dupont
Trac II Toni S.T. Dupont
Atra Right Guard
Swivel Silkience
Double-Edge Soft and Dri
Lady Gillette Foamy
Super Speed Dry Look
Twin Injector Dry Idea
Techmatic Brush Plus
Width of the product mixWidth of the product mix
DepthoftheproductlinesDepthoftheproductlines

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Product Mix
Width – how many product lines a company has
Length – how many products are there in a product line
Depth – how many variants of each product exist within a
product line
Consistency – how closely related the product lines are in
end use

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Product Planning
It is a systematic decision making relating to all
aspects of the development and management of a
firm’s products, including branding and
packaging that satisfy consumers.

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Product planning process
• New product ideas
• Screening
• Concept Development and testing
• Business Analysis
• Product Development Programme
• Test Marketing
• Commercialization

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Branding & Packaging
Brand- all identifying marks such as trade names,
trade marks, trdae symbols, picture, package
design, distinctive colouring or lettering with or
without attractive slogan.
Packaging- An act of designing and producing the
package for product.

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The Marketing Mix
The conventional view of the marketing mix consisted of
four components (4 Ps): Product, Price, Place/
distribution and Promotion.
Generally acknowledged that this is too narrow today;
now includes , Processes, Productivity [technology]
People [employees], Physical evidence
Marketers today are focused on virtually all aspects of
the firm’s operations that have the potential to affect
the relationship with customers.

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The “8Ps” of Integrated Service
Management vs. the Traditional
“4Ps”
► Product elements
► Place, cyberspace, and time
► Process
► Productivity and quality
► People
► Promotion and education
► Physical evidence
► Price and other user outlays

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Promotion mix
It is a set of controllable variables like personal
selling, advertising, publicity, sales promotion
including dealers aids and consumers aids.

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The Give and Get of Marketing

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Great Words on Marketing
1. “The purpose of a company is ‘to create a customer…The only
profit center is the customer.’”
2. “A business has two—and only two—basic functions: marketing
and innovation. Marketing and innovation produce results: all the
rest are costs.”
3. “The aim of marketing is to make selling unnecessary.”
4. “While great devices are invented in the Laboratory, great
products are invented in the Marketing department.”
5. “Marketing is too important to be left to the marketing
department.”

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Stages of Customer Interaction

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What Changed in Marketing…
• Organize by product units
• Focus on profitable transactions
• Look primarily at financial
scorecard
• Focus on shareholders
• Marketing does the marketing
• Build brands through advertising
• Focus on customer acquisition
• No customer satisfaction
measurement
• Over-promise, under-deliver
• Organize by customer segments
• Focus on customer lifetime value
• Look also at marketing scorecard
• Focus on stakeholders
• Everyone does the marketing
• Build brands through performance
• Focus on customer retention
• Measure customer satisfaction and
retention rate
• Under-promise, over-deliver
Old Economy New Economy

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So what will the differentiators be :So what will the differentiators be :
• Technology ?
• Brand ?

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Thank You
Shauvik_debu@yahoo.co.in