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Schlaganfall



Liebmann Michael
Tropper Bernhard



                   Laubegg 2009
Der Schlaganfall
    Akute Durchblutungsstörungen des Gehirns
    Verursacht verschiedenste Störungen
    Langfristig: Absterben von Nervenzellen
    Stationäre Behandlung unbedingt notwendig!




                                                  Laubegg 2009
                     www.roteskreuz.at                       2
Inschämischer Insult
                                                              Neurologisches Defizit
Bezeichnung                           Dauer der Symptome
                                                              reversibel




                                                                      
TIA                                   bis 24 Stunden
(transitorisch ischämische Attacke)




                                                                      
                                      über 24 Stunden
Infarkt




                                                                      
PRIND                                 über 24 Stunden,
(prolongiertes reversibles
                                      weniger als 3 Wochen
ischämisches Defizit)

                                                                                Laubegg 2009
                                          www.roteskreuz.at                                3
Ursachen Hirninfarkt
 Thromboembolisches Geschehen
  losgelöste Plaques (Anlagerung) wandert vom Herzen
  in die Hirnaterien
 Hämodynamisch verursachte Infarkte
  Verschlüsse und Engstellen von Gefäßen außerhalb
  des Gehirns
 Andere Ursachen (selten)


                                                       Laubegg 2009
                            www.roteskreuz.at                     4
Ursachen TIA
Verursacht durch Hirnblutungen
 Intrazerebrales Hämatom
  Blutung im Gehirn, durch Bluthochdruck
 Subarachnoidalblutung
  Blutung unter der Hirnhaut, durch eine
  geplatzte Gefäßwandausbuchtung



                                             Laubegg 2009
                         www.roteskreuz.at              5
Symptome Infarkt



   Sprechstörungen        Schwindelgefühl             Halbseitenlähmung,
                                                    hängender Mundwinkel



                                                   SIERT
                                                ZEN
                                            Unkontrollierter Harn- und
                                                  Stuhlverlust
         Sehstörungen
                                                                   Laubegg 2009
                        www.roteskreuz.at                                     6
Komplikationen
      Aspiration
      Bewusstlosigkeit
      Atemstillstand
      Kreislaufstillstand




                                             Laubegg 2009
                         www.roteskreuz.at              7
Maßnahmen
     Leicht erhöhter Oberkörper (ca. 30°)
     Sauerstoffgabe 6-8 l/min
     Absaugbereitschaft
     Schockbekämpfung
     Notarztindikation




                                             Laubegg 2009
                     www.roteskreuz.at                  8
Danke für Ihre Aufmerksamkeit!




                                Laubegg 2009
            www.roteskreuz.at              9

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Neurologische NotfäLle Der Schlaganfall

  • 2. Der Schlaganfall  Akute Durchblutungsstörungen des Gehirns  Verursacht verschiedenste Störungen  Langfristig: Absterben von Nervenzellen  Stationäre Behandlung unbedingt notwendig! Laubegg 2009 www.roteskreuz.at 2
  • 3. Inschämischer Insult Neurologisches Defizit Bezeichnung Dauer der Symptome reversibel  TIA bis 24 Stunden (transitorisch ischämische Attacke)  über 24 Stunden Infarkt  PRIND über 24 Stunden, (prolongiertes reversibles weniger als 3 Wochen ischämisches Defizit) Laubegg 2009 www.roteskreuz.at 3
  • 4. Ursachen Hirninfarkt  Thromboembolisches Geschehen losgelöste Plaques (Anlagerung) wandert vom Herzen in die Hirnaterien  Hämodynamisch verursachte Infarkte Verschlüsse und Engstellen von Gefäßen außerhalb des Gehirns  Andere Ursachen (selten) Laubegg 2009 www.roteskreuz.at 4
  • 5. Ursachen TIA Verursacht durch Hirnblutungen  Intrazerebrales Hämatom Blutung im Gehirn, durch Bluthochdruck  Subarachnoidalblutung Blutung unter der Hirnhaut, durch eine geplatzte Gefäßwandausbuchtung Laubegg 2009 www.roteskreuz.at 5
  • 6. Symptome Infarkt Sprechstörungen Schwindelgefühl Halbseitenlähmung, hängender Mundwinkel SIERT ZEN Unkontrollierter Harn- und Stuhlverlust Sehstörungen Laubegg 2009 www.roteskreuz.at 6
  • 7. Komplikationen  Aspiration  Bewusstlosigkeit  Atemstillstand  Kreislaufstillstand Laubegg 2009 www.roteskreuz.at 7
  • 8. Maßnahmen  Leicht erhöhter Oberkörper (ca. 30°)  Sauerstoffgabe 6-8 l/min  Absaugbereitschaft  Schockbekämpfung  Notarztindikation Laubegg 2009 www.roteskreuz.at 8
  • 9. Danke für Ihre Aufmerksamkeit! Laubegg 2009 www.roteskreuz.at 9