2. Yasir musthafa pp
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8891396749
Sql statements ,functions and joins

3. Disclaimer: This presentation is prepared by trainees of
baabtra as a part of mentoring program. This is not official
document of baabtra –Mentoring Partner
Baabtra-Mentoring Partner is the mentoring division of baabte System Technologies Pvt . Ltd

4. Sql statements
• Query or command to perform a task in a
database
3 type
1. DDL
2. DML
3. DCL

5. DDL
Data definition language
• Create
• Alter
• Drop
• truncate

6. Create
Syntax in mysql
CREATE TABLE table_name
(
column_name1 data_type(size),
column_name2 data_type(size),
....
);Example
create table tbl_stock
(
pk_int_stock_id int auto_increment,
vchr_name varchar(20),
int_quantity int,
int_price int,
primary key(pk_int_stock_id)
);

7. Alter
Syntax in mysql
Alter table table_name modify column
column_name data_type;
Example
alter table tbl_stock modify column int_price
float;

8. Drop
Syntax in mysql
Drop table table_name;
Example
Drop table tbl_student;

9. Truncate
Syntax in mysql
Truncate table table_name;
Example
Truncate table tbl_student;

10. DML
Data manipulation language
• Select
• Insert
• Update
• delete

11. Select
Syntax in mysql
Select * from table_name;
Example
Select * from tbl_stock;

12. Insert
Syntax in mysql
insert into table_name values
( );
Example
insert into tbl_stock values
(NULL,"mouse",10,500,1);

13. Update
Syntax in mysql
Update table_name set column_name=
Example
• update tbl_stock set int_price=int_price+1.50;

14. delete
Syntax in mysql
Delete from table_name;
Example
Delete from tbl_stock;
Difference between delete and truncate??

15. DCL
Data control language
• Grant
• Revoke
• Commit
• rollback

16. Grant
Syntax in mysql
GRANT privilege_type ON table_name TO
‘user_name'@'localhost';
Example
GRANT select ON tbl_supplier TO
'john'@'localhost';

17. Revoke
Syntax in mysql
REVOKE privilege_type ON table_name FROM
‘user_name'@'localhost';
Example
REVOKE select ON tbl_supplier FROM
'suhail'@'localhost';

18. functions
• Built in function-perform calculation on data
1. Aggregate function
2. Scalar function

19. Aggregate function
• Return a single value for all the values in the
column after calculation
AVG()
Mysql syntax
Select avg(coulmn_name) from table_name;
Example
Select avg(int_salary) from employee;
COUNT(),FIRST(),LAST(),MAX(),MIN(),SUM()

20. Group by
• To group the result set by one or more column
• Often used in conjunction with aggregate
function
Syntax in mysql
SELECT column_name, aggregate_function(column_name)
FROM table_name
GROUP BY column_name;
Example
Select vchr_city,sum(mark) from tbl_student group by vchr_city;

21. Scalar function
• Return single value for each value in a column
UCASE()
Syntax in mysql
Select UCASE (column_name) from table_name;
Example
Select UCASE(first_name) from tbl_student;
• LCASE(),MID(),LEN(),ROUND(),NOW(),FORMAT()

22. Joins
• Used to combine rows from two or more
tables
Different joins
• inner join
• Left join
• Right join

23. Inner join
• Returns all rows when there is at least one
match in BOTH tables
Syntax in mysql
Select column_name(s) from table1 join table2 on
table1.column_name=table2.column_name;

24. Pk_int_dept_id Vchr_dept_name
1 CS
2 EC
3 EE
4 MECH
pk_int_class_id Vchr_class_name int_dept_id
1 CS100 1
2 CC300 5
3 EC100 2
4 MECH100 4
Example
select vchr_dept_name,vchr_class_name,pk_int_dept_id,int_dept_id from
tbl_dept join tbl_classes on tbl_dept.pk_int_dept_id=tbl_classes.int_dept_id;

25. The result set will be
Vchr_department_
name
Vchr_class_name Pk_int_dept_id int_dept_id
CS CS100 1 1
EC EC100 2 2
MECH MECH100 4 4

26. Left join
• returns all rows from the left table (table1), with the matching
rows in the right table (table2).
• Syntax in mysql
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table1
LEFT JOIN table2
ON table1.column_name=table2.column_name;

27. Pk_int_dept_id Vchr_dept_name
1 CS
2 EC
3 EE
4 MECH
Pk_int_class_id Vchr_class_name int_dept_id
1 CS100 1
2 EC100 2
3 CC100 5
4 MECH100 4
select vchr_dept_name,vchr_class_name,pk_int_dept_id,int_dept_id from
tbl_dept LEFT join tbl_classes on
tbl_dept.pk_int_dept_id=tbl_classes.int_dept_id;

28. The result will be
Vchr_dept_na
me
Vchr_class_na
me
Pk_int_dept_i
d
int_dept_id
CS CS100 1 1
EC EC100 2 2
EE NULL 3 NULL
MECH MECH100 4 4

29. Right join
• Return all rows from the right table, and the matched rows from the left
table
Syntax in mysql
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table1
RIGHT JOIN table2
ON table1.column_name=table2.column_name;

30. Pk_int_dept_id Vchr_dept_name
1 CS
2 EC
3 EE
4 MECH
Pk_int_class_id Vchr_class_name int_dept_name
1 CS100 1
2 EC100 2
4 MECH100 4
select vchr_dept_name,vchr_class_name,pk_int_dept_id,int_dept_id from
tbl_dept RIGHT join tbl_classes on
tbl_dept.pk_int_dept_id=tbl_classes.int_dept_id;

31. The result will be
Vchr_dept_na
me
Vchr_class_na
me
Pk_int_dept_i
d
int_dept_id
CS CS100 1 1
EC EC100 2 2
MECH MECH100 4 4
NULL CC100 NULL 5

32. Thank you

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