1. HINDUSTAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
GR. NOIDA
MAJOR PROJECT
EEC - 851
Presented by :
Akash Chandel Anupam Singh Ashutosh Singh Nishi Kant Rai
(0821331024) (0821331028) (0821331024) (08213------)
3. CONTENTS OF THE PRESENTATION
• SECTION A: PROJECT OVERVIEW
PART 1 : WHAT this project is all about
PART 2: HOW this project/robot works
PART 3: WHERE this robot can be used
• SECTION B: TECHNICAL ASPECTS
PART 1: List of Components employed
PART 2: Circuit and Pin Diagram
• SECTION C: CONCLUSION
5. WHAT this robot actually does?
• Today, cell phone has displaced nearly all the
old traditional devices of communication.
• So, in this project we show that how we can
control the movement of any small robot with
the help of mobile phone.
• And hence, by using this logic we can not only
control the movement of vehicle but also
switch on/off other accessories on robot.
6. • The movement is controlled by pressing
relevant keys on a mobile phone that
makes a call to another mobile phone
attached to the robot.
7. HOW this 1. A mobile phone makes a call to the other
mobile phone attached to the robot.
robot works? 2. In the course of the call, if any button is
pressed, a tone corresponding to the
button pressed (called DTMF tone) is heard
at the other end of the call, perceived by
robot using the other phone.
3. The received tone is processed by the
ATmega16 microcontroller with the help of
DTMF decoder MT8870.
4. The decoder decodes the DTMF tone into
its equivalent binary digit and this binary
number is sent to the microcontroller.
5. The microcontroller is pre programmed to
take a decision for any given input and
outputs its decision to motor drivers in
order to drive the motors for forward or
backward motion or a turn.
8. DTMF: Dual Tone Multi Frequency
• DTMF signalling is used for telephone signalling over the line in
the voice-frequency band to the call switching centre. The
version of DTMF used for telephone tone dialling is known as
‘Touch-Tone.’
• DTMF assigns a specific frequency (consisting of two separate
tones) to each key so that it can easily be identified by the
electronic circuit.
The DTMF keypad is laid out in a 4×4
matrix, with each row representing
a low frequency, and each column
representing a high frequency. Pressing
a single key (such as '1' ) will send
a sinusoidal tone for each of the two
frequencies (697 and 1209 Hz).
9. DTMF Decoder
• A DTMF Decoder takes in DTMF
D3 D2 D1 D0
tone and converts it into BCD
1 0 0 0 1 code, output depending upon
2 0 0 1 0 which key is pressed at the
3 0 0 1 1 transmitter side.
4 0 1 0 0
• A number of companies make
5 0 1 0 1
chips which decode these DTMF
6 0 1 1 0
signal. One such IC is HT 9170.
7 0 1 1 1
8 1 0 0 0 • The device after detecting a valid
9 1 0 0 1 tone-pair makes one of the pins
* 1 0 1 0
high (StD) for a short duration and
the output latch is updated (D0-D3)
0 1 0 1 1
according to the received tone-pair
# 1 1 0 0
10. H BRIDGE Concept for motor driver
• An H bridge is an electronic
circuit that enables a voltage to be
applied across a load in either
direction by turning S1-S4 On/Off.
• These circuits are often used
in robotics and other applications
to allow DC motors to run forwards
and backwards.
•H bridges are available as
integrated circuits(here L298), or
can be built from discrete
components.
11. MICROCONTROLLER
• Microcontroller is a single chip that contains the processor
(the CPU), non-volatile memory for the program (ROM or
flash), volatile memory for input and output (RAM), a clock
and an I/O control unit.
Here, the function of
microcontroller
(PIC16F887A) is to control
output based on the
programmed embedded hex
logic. The microcontroller
continuously scans input
logic. The input logic is 4BCD
data from DTMF decoder
and change in the logic level
makes microcontroller to
perform particular
subroutine/tasks.
12. WHERE this robot can be used?
• Agriculture and farming :
“Remote-controlled robot uses thermal imaging to detect and
eradicate termites” – Gizmag
The Termibot carries video and thermal imaging cameras where human
pest controllers can't go. When a telltale heat or moisture signature is
detected, Termicam breaks termite nests open to confirm the
infestation, then pumps pest control chemicals directly into the source.
13. • Military and security operations:
“Had there been a high range, light weight robot which could
go into the hotels where terrorists held guests hostage during
the 26/11 attack and send the images from inside, the security
forces could have perhaps handled the situation better and
the casualties would have been limited.”
“ This concept is taken from military application where such
land rover works as Unmanned Guided vehicle (UGV) for spy
operations, mine diffuser, bomb detector etc. in such
application the movements of land rover can be controlled
from very far remote and safe place (as there is practically no
limitation on operating range)”
18. • Scope for learning :
PCB designing and various steps involved.
PIC Microcontroller and its interfacing
Programming the microcontroller using C
• Scope for improvement :
This land rover can be further improved to
serve specific purposes. It requires four
controls to roam around. The remaining eight
controls can be configured to serve other
purposes, with some modifications in the
source program of the microcontroller.
