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INVEST stories 
Ashley Frieze 
October 2014
Why do we engineer stuff? 
• We want to create value 
• Working usable software 
• Something complete and ready to go 
• Value can be broken down 
• The iPad had value but not all the features of iPad3 
• Windows Notepad has value as a text editor but not all the features of Word 
• Therefore a product can be made incrementally 
• A big story can be decomposed into several end-to-end sub-stories
What do we often do? 
• Agree to spend time on something 
• Tracking completeness as “how much time is done” 
• Do it until it’s done 
• With no results until the last piece is in place 
• Do lots of things at once 
• Giving us lots of incomplete things
What does this lead to? 
• At some mid-point, you have to invest more to get ANY value out 
• Finish off the work you started 
• Back out things that can’t be completed 
• Tie up all the loose ends, regardless of how important they are 
• Every assumption pushed into the start requires effort to release its value
What’s missing? 
• Feedback loops 
• Long cycle time means there’s no time to incorporate feedback 
• Running multiple ideas in parallel reduces cascading learning from each 
• Doing it all at once means we work entirely on initial assumptions
So let’s make value in increments… 
• Why? 
• Which is the more valuable ½ TB hard drive?
And let’s track delivery in terms of complete things 
“How many have you done?” 
“I’ve done 80% of the time” 
“Yes but how many things are finished” 
“None yet” 
“How many have you done?” 
“We’ve done half of them”
But stories are big, aren’t they? 
• Everything can be subdivided: 
• I – Independent – a thing which stands in its own right 
(maybe you wouldn’t use it, but you can demo it) 
• N – Negotiable – continuously refine and rewrite it to make it fit 
• V – Valuable – there must be a specific end-user value 
• E – Estimatable – it must be understandable enough to give a decent estimate 
• S – Sized appropriately – not too big (>5 days) and not too small (5 minutes) 
• T – Testable – we will know when this is done 
• All the stories can add up to a Feature or Epic, which is the larger thing we’re trying to do 
• The stories represent an end-to-end slice of the system
Summary 
• Value is broken into incremental, independent stories 
• Stories are completed one by one 
• Success = completing stories, not spending time 
• So track the number of stories completed… 
…and break the work down into stories 
• Use the lessons of earlier stories to inform how to build/write future stories 
• Reduce the number of incomplete things… 
…and the time to complete any individual thing 
• So at any given point most of the value is ready to go… 
…and we don’t need to add more effort to release the value so far 
…and everyone will be happy

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Lightning talk invest stories - public

  • 1. INVEST stories Ashley Frieze October 2014
  • 2. Why do we engineer stuff? • We want to create value • Working usable software • Something complete and ready to go • Value can be broken down • The iPad had value but not all the features of iPad3 • Windows Notepad has value as a text editor but not all the features of Word • Therefore a product can be made incrementally • A big story can be decomposed into several end-to-end sub-stories
  • 3. What do we often do? • Agree to spend time on something • Tracking completeness as “how much time is done” • Do it until it’s done • With no results until the last piece is in place • Do lots of things at once • Giving us lots of incomplete things
  • 4. What does this lead to? • At some mid-point, you have to invest more to get ANY value out • Finish off the work you started • Back out things that can’t be completed • Tie up all the loose ends, regardless of how important they are • Every assumption pushed into the start requires effort to release its value
  • 5. What’s missing? • Feedback loops • Long cycle time means there’s no time to incorporate feedback • Running multiple ideas in parallel reduces cascading learning from each • Doing it all at once means we work entirely on initial assumptions
  • 6. So let’s make value in increments… • Why? • Which is the more valuable ½ TB hard drive?
  • 7. And let’s track delivery in terms of complete things “How many have you done?” “I’ve done 80% of the time” “Yes but how many things are finished” “None yet” “How many have you done?” “We’ve done half of them”
  • 8. But stories are big, aren’t they? • Everything can be subdivided: • I – Independent – a thing which stands in its own right (maybe you wouldn’t use it, but you can demo it) • N – Negotiable – continuously refine and rewrite it to make it fit • V – Valuable – there must be a specific end-user value • E – Estimatable – it must be understandable enough to give a decent estimate • S – Sized appropriately – not too big (>5 days) and not too small (5 minutes) • T – Testable – we will know when this is done • All the stories can add up to a Feature or Epic, which is the larger thing we’re trying to do • The stories represent an end-to-end slice of the system
  • 9. Summary • Value is broken into incremental, independent stories • Stories are completed one by one • Success = completing stories, not spending time • So track the number of stories completed… …and break the work down into stories • Use the lessons of earlier stories to inform how to build/write future stories • Reduce the number of incomplete things… …and the time to complete any individual thing • So at any given point most of the value is ready to go… …and we don’t need to add more effort to release the value so far …and everyone will be happy