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3 d body scanning
3 d body scanning
1.Historical notes
2.Developments in 3D body scanners
3.Introduction-what we can measure
4.Kinds of application
5.Technologies
5.1 laser scanning
5.2 white light scanning
5.3 image processing and modeling
5.4 millimeter wave radar
5.5 digital tape measurement
6. applications
6.1 fashion – visual try on
6.2 made to measure
7. Manufactures available in market.
THE PAST                  TODAY

1832 “Stereoscope”       3D Displays and 3D
Sir Charles Wheatstone   Visualization
(England)
THE PAST                   TODAY

1849 “Métrophotographie”   3D Measurement
Aimé Laussedat (France)    and 3D Scanning
1st Photogrammetric
record Façade Hotel des
Invalides
THE PAST                 TODAY

1882 “Fusil              MOCAP systems
chronophotographique”
Étienne-Jules Marey
(France)
Human locomotion study
THE PAST                  TODAY

1883 “Bertillonage”       Anthropometry
Alphonse Bertillon        and Biometry
(France)Recording of
anthropometric data for
identification
 1970 Shadow Moire topography
Application for human body
Takasaki (JP)

 1985 Patent filed for 3D surface
  digitizer by laser beam
Cyberware Inc. (USA)

   1989 Face scanning for “The
    Abyss”Cyberware Inc. (USA)
1989 1st full body scanning system
The Loughborough anthropometric
shadow scanner (LASS)
University of Loughborough (UK)
Application: anthropometric
surveys

1995 1st 3D color full body scanner
Capable of capturing shape and
color in one pass Cyberware Inc.
(USA)
1996 3D full body scanner
TriFrom System, fringe technique
Wicks&Wilson (UK)
Application: shape tracking, health
clubs.

1998 1st 3D full body scanner for
clothing industry
TC2 (USA)
2005 Millimeter wave scanner
Scanning without undressing
Intellifit (USA)



2008 Full automatic
“from 3D scan to Avatar”
TC2 (USA)
2009 Microsoft Project Natal – Kinect (2010)
Extremely low cost 3D sensor <120€, Massive
extension/sales
Application: game-controller, hacked -> direct
access to 3D data
   Full body
   Face
   chest
   Foot
   Half body
   Legs
   Arms
   Hands
   Body
    parts
   Back
   Animation
   Computer games
   Ergonomics
   Medicine / Forensic
   Anthropometry
   Cosmetics / Dermatology
   Biometry / Security
   Fitness / Sport
   Functional Apparel /
    Fashion
   Art / Sculpture
   Communications
   Laser Scanning

   White light scanning

   Image processing and modelling

   Millimeter-wave radar

   Digital tape measurements

   Photogrammetry /Visual hull /Silhouette
  Lasers to project on to human body one or more
   thin and sharp strips simultaneously.
 Light sensors acquires the scenes and by applying
   simple geometrical rules the surface of human
   body is measured.
 The laser scanner unit, which is composed of

 the laser, the optical system and the light sensor, is
moved across the human body to digitize the surface.
   FULL BODY SCANNER Vitus (VITRONIC
    GmbH).
   4 scanner units moves vertically along 4 pillars
   Total scanning time: ~ 12 seconds.
   FULL HEAD SCANNER 3030RGB/PS
    (Cyberware Inc.)
   1 scanner unit moves horizontally in circle
    around a person
   Total scanning time: ~ 17 seconds.
   FULL FOOT SCANNER YETI (Vorum
    Research Corp.)
   3 scanner units moves horizontally along the
    foot
   Total scanning time: ~ 4 seconds
   Quickly capture all of the physical measurements of
    any physical object
   Save time in design work
   Ensure parts will fit together on the first try.
    enhancing a product's design
   accurate measurements of an object.
   Cost.
   Laser is harmful.
   Psychological factors , nudity.
   Practical problems like moment, breathing ,
    hairs , eyes.
   Private data – visibility & data storage.
   It is second technology used extensively for human
    body measurement.
   Instead of moving the scanner unit, a light pattern
   (usually in form of stripes) is projected onto the
    human body.
   binary coding are used to determine the origin of the
    single stripes; for the increment of the resolution, the
    projected stripes are additionally shifted.
   Less time for scanning

   No harmful for body-eye safe

   Comparatively more accurate

   Economical factor

   Creates a very high density point cloud

   Can scan small parts with intricate details
   Sensitive to ambient light – best used in
    darkened room

   Cannot be used to scan shiny surfaces

   “Occlusion” effects require the need for
    additional images to be taken

   Slow when measuring objects with many
    intricate details
BINARY   COLOR
FULL BODY SCANNER Mega 3P (InSpeck Inc.)
3 pillars placed around a person
Each pillar has 2 sensor units: projector and camera
Total scanning time: ~ 4 seconds
In this technology, 3D measurements are not performed, but
3D information is generated and extracted from 2D images.

By using the symmetry of the human body, the most
important sizes of body are computed with sufficient
accuracy from the silhouettes of the body.

The big advantage of combining image processing and
modeling techniques is the extremely lower price compared
to real 3D measurement
Full body scanner Intellifit System (Intellifit Corp.,
Unique Ltd.) (2005)
 Person step inside the cabin without undressing

 “L” shaped mm-waves transceiver swings
  around the person
   Non-harmful radiation penetrates clothing and
    reflects off the body.
   The reflected signal are recorded by the
    transceiver and analyzed.
   200,000 points of body surface measured
   Body sizes extracted automatically, accuracy:
    6mm
   The method combines classical human body
    measurement and digital technology. The
    measurement process is completely similar to
    classical tape measurement, where lengths are
    measured by a tape at different key-location of the
    human body (chest, waist, sleeve, etc.).
   Medicine
   Plastic surgery
   Forensics
   Orthopedics

   Fashion/apparel
   Virtual-try-on
   Size surveying
   Made-to-
    measure

   Other sectors
   Virtual-make-
    over
   Art & sculpture
   Security
Process
1. Full body scan
2. Cloth definition (CAD)
3. Stitching
4. Cloth simulation
5. Definition of motion/MOCAP
6. Virtual fashion show
7. Applications
e.g. design and development of
new garment (digital prototyping)
online shopping with virtual
models.
1.   Full body scanning and body size extraction




2. Selection of garment options
3. Automatic definition of cutting patterns
4. Automated garment production
5. Garanteed perfect fit
3 d body scanning
   Eyewear (Visionix Inc.)




   Head modeling
   Haircut 3D modeling
   Haircut visualization
   Hairdressing (Stellure Inc.)
Affordable 3D monitors
Volumetric 3D displays
Holographic projections

Examples: 3D Foto-Booth,
InSpeck Inc. (CA)
TC2 and Microsoft Kinect (USA)
3D scanning for everybody
Full automatic, easy, inexpensive

4D scanning / dynamic 3D scanning
3dMD LLC (USA) is the world leader in 3D body
scanning for medical applications, with well more than
1,400 3D cameras worldwide


TechMed 3D (Canada) is an high tech company
specializing in body measurement technologies and
digital imaging solutions adapted to the orthotics,
prosthetics and custom equipment market

Human Solutions GmbH (Germany) is a world market
leader for body scanning and ergonomics simulation.
Systems from Human Solutions are used by more than
300 companies worldwide.

VITRONIC GmbH (Germany), a world leading
organization in the field of machine vision, is developer
and manufacturer of body scanning systems employed
by Human Solutions
SpaceVision Inc. (Japan) is a leading manufacturer of
innovative 3D imaging solutions used in various
application fields..


4D View Solutions (France) provides complete hardware
and software platforms for the capture of photorealistic
videos in 3D.


TELMAT Industrie SA (France) is a world leader in 3D body
scanning and automated body measurement. The high-
speed 3D digitization process SYMCAD has enabled to scan
and measure more than 800'000 individuals nowadays.



CAD Modelling Ergonomics Srl (Italy) produces tailor
dummies, fit mannequins and anthropometric fashion
dummies for fitting control and the portable 3D full body
scanning system Body-ScanFit
Elinvision UAB (Lithuania) designs and produces measuring
and control devices, machine vision systems, 3D laser
scanners, digital dental cameras and software.



Lectra SA (France) is the world leader in integrated
technology solutions (software, CAD/CAM hardware,
services) for industries using textiles to manufacture their
products. Lectra will demonstrate Modaris V7, the apparel
pattern-making and grading software solution with fully-
integrated 3D virtual prototyping technology.


Tukatech Inc. (USA) provides pattern making, grading and
marker making software, 3D apparel prototyping systems
and manufacturing equipment.


corpus.e AG (Germany) designs 3D imaging and 3D
scanning systems. At the conference exhibition, corpus.e will
demonstrate its 3D foot scanning and measurement system
lightbeam, based on the patented MagicalSkin technology.
   1. Nub3D, Dimensional inspection of turbine blades,
    http://www.nub3d.com/english/aplicaciones03.htm (accessed
    12/19/2005).

   2. A. Bellmann, T. Suthau, S. Stoinski, A. Friedrich, O. Hellwich, H.-C.
    Gunga, 3D-Modelling of dinosaurs, Proc. of the 7th conference on
    Optical 3-D Measurement Techniques, Vienna, Austria, October 3-5,
    2005.

   3. R. Heintz, H. Fahrner, G. Bono, R. Van Cauter,Inspection of plastic
    tool housings at the speed of light,
    http://www.metris.com/en/html/successtories/AtlasCopco Article
    _ENG.pdf (accessed 12/19/2005).

   4. 3Shape, D-200 Dental 3D scanner, http://www.3shape.com(accessed
    12/19/2005).

   5. N. D'Apuzzo, Digitization of the human body in the present-day
    economy , in: Beraldin, J.-A., El-Hakim, S.F., Gruen, A., W alton, J.S.
    (Eds.), Videometrics VIII, Proc. of SPIE-IS&T Electronic Imaging, SPIE
    Vol. 5665, San Jose (CA), USA, 2004, pp. 252-259
6. Visionix, Visionix 3D iView, The world's first commercial 3D virtual-try-
on system for eyewear,
Human Body Measurement Newsletter, Vol.1, Nr.2, September
2005,http://www.homometrica.ch/en/indexnews.html
(accessed 12/19/2005).

7. J.-M. Surville, Advances in 3D acquisition, Proc. of 3D modelling 2005,
September 27-28, 2005, Paris, France.

8. Diers, Optical stato-dyamical spine analysis and posture measurement
system: formetric 3D/4D,
http://www.diers.de/english/measurement/formetric/formetric.htm(acce
ssed 12/19/2005).

9. Helmick and Schechter Sculpture, Jurisprudents,
http://www.handsart.net/jurisprudents.html(accessed 12/19/2005).

10. N. D'Apuzzo, Grand Odyssey, the film where spectators star in, Human
Body Measurement Newsletter, Vol.1, Nr.1,
April 2005, http://www.homometrica.ch/en/indexnews
Thank you

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3 d body scanning

  • 3. 1.Historical notes 2.Developments in 3D body scanners 3.Introduction-what we can measure 4.Kinds of application 5.Technologies 5.1 laser scanning 5.2 white light scanning 5.3 image processing and modeling 5.4 millimeter wave radar 5.5 digital tape measurement 6. applications 6.1 fashion – visual try on 6.2 made to measure 7. Manufactures available in market.
  • 4. THE PAST TODAY 1832 “Stereoscope” 3D Displays and 3D Sir Charles Wheatstone Visualization (England)
  • 5. THE PAST TODAY 1849 “Métrophotographie” 3D Measurement Aimé Laussedat (France) and 3D Scanning 1st Photogrammetric record Façade Hotel des Invalides
  • 6. THE PAST TODAY 1882 “Fusil MOCAP systems chronophotographique” Étienne-Jules Marey (France) Human locomotion study
  • 7. THE PAST TODAY 1883 “Bertillonage” Anthropometry Alphonse Bertillon and Biometry (France)Recording of anthropometric data for identification
  • 8.  1970 Shadow Moire topography Application for human body Takasaki (JP)  1985 Patent filed for 3D surface digitizer by laser beam Cyberware Inc. (USA)  1989 Face scanning for “The Abyss”Cyberware Inc. (USA)
  • 9. 1989 1st full body scanning system The Loughborough anthropometric shadow scanner (LASS) University of Loughborough (UK) Application: anthropometric surveys 1995 1st 3D color full body scanner Capable of capturing shape and color in one pass Cyberware Inc. (USA)
  • 10. 1996 3D full body scanner TriFrom System, fringe technique Wicks&Wilson (UK) Application: shape tracking, health clubs. 1998 1st 3D full body scanner for clothing industry TC2 (USA)
  • 11. 2005 Millimeter wave scanner Scanning without undressing Intellifit (USA) 2008 Full automatic “from 3D scan to Avatar” TC2 (USA)
  • 12. 2009 Microsoft Project Natal – Kinect (2010) Extremely low cost 3D sensor <120€, Massive extension/sales Application: game-controller, hacked -> direct access to 3D data
  • 13. Full body  Face  chest  Foot  Half body  Legs  Arms  Hands  Body parts  Back
  • 14. Animation  Computer games  Ergonomics  Medicine / Forensic  Anthropometry  Cosmetics / Dermatology  Biometry / Security  Fitness / Sport  Functional Apparel / Fashion  Art / Sculpture  Communications
  • 15. Laser Scanning  White light scanning  Image processing and modelling  Millimeter-wave radar  Digital tape measurements  Photogrammetry /Visual hull /Silhouette
  • 16.  Lasers to project on to human body one or more thin and sharp strips simultaneously.  Light sensors acquires the scenes and by applying simple geometrical rules the surface of human body is measured.  The laser scanner unit, which is composed of the laser, the optical system and the light sensor, is moved across the human body to digitize the surface.
  • 17. FULL BODY SCANNER Vitus (VITRONIC GmbH).  4 scanner units moves vertically along 4 pillars  Total scanning time: ~ 12 seconds.
  • 18. FULL HEAD SCANNER 3030RGB/PS (Cyberware Inc.)  1 scanner unit moves horizontally in circle around a person  Total scanning time: ~ 17 seconds.
  • 19. FULL FOOT SCANNER YETI (Vorum Research Corp.)  3 scanner units moves horizontally along the foot  Total scanning time: ~ 4 seconds
  • 20. Quickly capture all of the physical measurements of any physical object  Save time in design work  Ensure parts will fit together on the first try.  enhancing a product's design  accurate measurements of an object.
  • 21. Cost.  Laser is harmful.  Psychological factors , nudity.  Practical problems like moment, breathing , hairs , eyes.  Private data – visibility & data storage.
  • 22. It is second technology used extensively for human body measurement.  Instead of moving the scanner unit, a light pattern  (usually in form of stripes) is projected onto the human body.  binary coding are used to determine the origin of the single stripes; for the increment of the resolution, the projected stripes are additionally shifted.
  • 23. Less time for scanning  No harmful for body-eye safe  Comparatively more accurate  Economical factor  Creates a very high density point cloud  Can scan small parts with intricate details
  • 24. Sensitive to ambient light – best used in darkened room  Cannot be used to scan shiny surfaces  “Occlusion” effects require the need for additional images to be taken  Slow when measuring objects with many intricate details
  • 25. BINARY COLOR
  • 26. FULL BODY SCANNER Mega 3P (InSpeck Inc.) 3 pillars placed around a person Each pillar has 2 sensor units: projector and camera Total scanning time: ~ 4 seconds
  • 27. In this technology, 3D measurements are not performed, but 3D information is generated and extracted from 2D images. By using the symmetry of the human body, the most important sizes of body are computed with sufficient accuracy from the silhouettes of the body. The big advantage of combining image processing and modeling techniques is the extremely lower price compared to real 3D measurement
  • 28. Full body scanner Intellifit System (Intellifit Corp., Unique Ltd.) (2005)  Person step inside the cabin without undressing  “L” shaped mm-waves transceiver swings around the person
  • 29. Non-harmful radiation penetrates clothing and reflects off the body.  The reflected signal are recorded by the transceiver and analyzed.  200,000 points of body surface measured  Body sizes extracted automatically, accuracy: 6mm
  • 30. The method combines classical human body measurement and digital technology. The measurement process is completely similar to classical tape measurement, where lengths are measured by a tape at different key-location of the human body (chest, waist, sleeve, etc.).
  • 31. Medicine  Plastic surgery  Forensics  Orthopedics  Fashion/apparel  Virtual-try-on  Size surveying  Made-to- measure  Other sectors  Virtual-make- over  Art & sculpture  Security
  • 32. Process 1. Full body scan 2. Cloth definition (CAD) 3. Stitching 4. Cloth simulation 5. Definition of motion/MOCAP 6. Virtual fashion show 7. Applications e.g. design and development of new garment (digital prototyping) online shopping with virtual models.
  • 33. 1. Full body scanning and body size extraction 2. Selection of garment options 3. Automatic definition of cutting patterns 4. Automated garment production 5. Garanteed perfect fit
  • 35. Eyewear (Visionix Inc.)  Head modeling  Haircut 3D modeling  Haircut visualization
  • 36. Hairdressing (Stellure Inc.)
  • 37. Affordable 3D monitors Volumetric 3D displays Holographic projections Examples: 3D Foto-Booth, InSpeck Inc. (CA) TC2 and Microsoft Kinect (USA) 3D scanning for everybody Full automatic, easy, inexpensive 4D scanning / dynamic 3D scanning
  • 38. 3dMD LLC (USA) is the world leader in 3D body scanning for medical applications, with well more than 1,400 3D cameras worldwide TechMed 3D (Canada) is an high tech company specializing in body measurement technologies and digital imaging solutions adapted to the orthotics, prosthetics and custom equipment market Human Solutions GmbH (Germany) is a world market leader for body scanning and ergonomics simulation. Systems from Human Solutions are used by more than 300 companies worldwide. VITRONIC GmbH (Germany), a world leading organization in the field of machine vision, is developer and manufacturer of body scanning systems employed by Human Solutions
  • 39. SpaceVision Inc. (Japan) is a leading manufacturer of innovative 3D imaging solutions used in various application fields.. 4D View Solutions (France) provides complete hardware and software platforms for the capture of photorealistic videos in 3D. TELMAT Industrie SA (France) is a world leader in 3D body scanning and automated body measurement. The high- speed 3D digitization process SYMCAD has enabled to scan and measure more than 800'000 individuals nowadays. CAD Modelling Ergonomics Srl (Italy) produces tailor dummies, fit mannequins and anthropometric fashion dummies for fitting control and the portable 3D full body scanning system Body-ScanFit
  • 40. Elinvision UAB (Lithuania) designs and produces measuring and control devices, machine vision systems, 3D laser scanners, digital dental cameras and software. Lectra SA (France) is the world leader in integrated technology solutions (software, CAD/CAM hardware, services) for industries using textiles to manufacture their products. Lectra will demonstrate Modaris V7, the apparel pattern-making and grading software solution with fully- integrated 3D virtual prototyping technology. Tukatech Inc. (USA) provides pattern making, grading and marker making software, 3D apparel prototyping systems and manufacturing equipment. corpus.e AG (Germany) designs 3D imaging and 3D scanning systems. At the conference exhibition, corpus.e will demonstrate its 3D foot scanning and measurement system lightbeam, based on the patented MagicalSkin technology.
  • 41. 1. Nub3D, Dimensional inspection of turbine blades, http://www.nub3d.com/english/aplicaciones03.htm (accessed 12/19/2005).  2. A. Bellmann, T. Suthau, S. Stoinski, A. Friedrich, O. Hellwich, H.-C. Gunga, 3D-Modelling of dinosaurs, Proc. of the 7th conference on Optical 3-D Measurement Techniques, Vienna, Austria, October 3-5, 2005.  3. R. Heintz, H. Fahrner, G. Bono, R. Van Cauter,Inspection of plastic tool housings at the speed of light, http://www.metris.com/en/html/successtories/AtlasCopco Article _ENG.pdf (accessed 12/19/2005).  4. 3Shape, D-200 Dental 3D scanner, http://www.3shape.com(accessed 12/19/2005).  5. N. D'Apuzzo, Digitization of the human body in the present-day economy , in: Beraldin, J.-A., El-Hakim, S.F., Gruen, A., W alton, J.S. (Eds.), Videometrics VIII, Proc. of SPIE-IS&T Electronic Imaging, SPIE Vol. 5665, San Jose (CA), USA, 2004, pp. 252-259
  • 42. 6. Visionix, Visionix 3D iView, The world's first commercial 3D virtual-try- on system for eyewear, Human Body Measurement Newsletter, Vol.1, Nr.2, September 2005,http://www.homometrica.ch/en/indexnews.html (accessed 12/19/2005). 7. J.-M. Surville, Advances in 3D acquisition, Proc. of 3D modelling 2005, September 27-28, 2005, Paris, France. 8. Diers, Optical stato-dyamical spine analysis and posture measurement system: formetric 3D/4D, http://www.diers.de/english/measurement/formetric/formetric.htm(acce ssed 12/19/2005). 9. Helmick and Schechter Sculpture, Jurisprudents, http://www.handsart.net/jurisprudents.html(accessed 12/19/2005). 10. N. D'Apuzzo, Grand Odyssey, the film where spectators star in, Human Body Measurement Newsletter, Vol.1, Nr.1, April 2005, http://www.homometrica.ch/en/indexnews