1. Tropical evergreen forests[edit]
Further information: Cloud forest, Laurel forest and Tropical and subtropical coniferous forests
Tropical evergreen forests are usually found in areas receiving more than 200 cm of rainfall and
having a temperature of 15 °C to 30 °C. They occupy about seven per cent of the Earth's land
surface and harbour more than half of the planet's terrestrial plants and animals. Tropical evergreen
forests are dense, multi-layered, and harbour many types of plants and animals. The trees are
evergreen as there is no period of drought or frost. The canopy tree species are mostly tall
hardwoods with broad leaves that release large quantities of water through transpiration, in a cycle
that is important in raising as much mineral nutrient material as possible from the soil.
In India, evergreen forests are found on the eastern & western slopes of the Western Ghats in
States such as Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Kerala and Maharashtra. And also found in Assam,
Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Tripura, West Bengal and Andaman and Nicobar
Islands. They are also found in the hills of Jaintia and Khasi. Some of the trees found in Indian
Tropical Forests are rosewood, mahogany and ebony. Bamboo and reeds are also common.
Because of dense foliage competing for light, little direct sunlight reaches the understory.
Temperate evergreen forests[edit]
Further information: Temperate coniferous forest
Temperate evergreen forests, coniferous, broadleaf, and mixed, are found largely in
the temperate mid-latitudes of Montane North America, Siberia, Canada, Australia, Africa and
Scandinavia. Broadleaf evergreen forests occur in particular in eastern North America and in
countries around the Mediterranean Basin, such as Lebanon and Morocco. Many subtropical
broadleaved evergreen forests occur along the eastern margins of major land masses, e.g., in
southeastern United States, southern China and in southeastern Brazil. Other examples include the
wet temperate conifer forests of northwestern North America.
Temperate evergreen forests are the regional climax vegetation, commonly dominated by hardy
trees that can deal with sandy, rocky, and various other soils of poor quality. Most
such communities also are subject to intermittent fire, drought and cold. Coniferous temperate
evergreen forests are most frequently dominated by species in the
familiesPinaceae and Cupressaceae. Broadleaf temperate evergreen forests include those in
which Fagaceae such as oaks are common, those in which Nothofagaceae predominate, and
the Eucalyptus forests of the Southern Hemisphere. There also are assorted temperate evergreen
forests dominated by other families of trees, such as Lauraceae in laurel forest.
Evergreen forests around the world are under threat of logging, mining, oil and gas developments,
pollution, hydroelectric projects and other human developments planned in these areas.
![Tropical evergreen forests[edit]
Further information: Cloud forest, Laurel forest and Tropical and subtropical coniferous forests
Tropical evergreen forests are usually found in areas receiving more than 200 cm of rainfall and
having a temperature of 15 °C to 30 °C. They occupy about seven per cent of the Earth's land
surface and harbour more than half of the planet's terrestrial plants and animals. Tropical evergreen
forests are dense, multi-layered, and harbour many types of plants and animals. The trees are
evergreen as there is no period of drought or frost. The canopy tree species are mostly tall
hardwoods with broad leaves that release large quantities of water through transpiration, in a cycle
that is important in raising as much mineral nutrient material as possible from the soil.
In India, evergreen forests are found on the eastern & western slopes of the Western Ghats in
States such as Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Kerala and Maharashtra. And also found in Assam,
Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Tripura, West Bengal and Andaman and Nicobar
Islands. They are also found in the hills of Jaintia and Khasi. Some of the trees found in Indian
Tropical Forests are rosewood, mahogany and ebony. Bamboo and reeds are also common.
Because of dense foliage competing for light, little direct sunlight reaches the understory.
Temperate evergreen forests[edit]
Further information: Temperate coniferous forest
Temperate evergreen forests, coniferous, broadleaf, and mixed, are found largely in
the temperate mid-latitudes of Montane North America, Siberia, Canada, Australia, Africa and
Scandinavia. Broadleaf evergreen forests occur in particular in eastern North America and in
countries around the Mediterranean Basin, such as Lebanon and Morocco. Many subtropical
broadleaved evergreen forests occur along the eastern margins of major land masses, e.g., in
southeastern United States, southern China and in southeastern Brazil. Other examples include the
wet temperate conifer forests of northwestern North America.
Temperate evergreen forests are the regional climax vegetation, commonly dominated by hardy
trees that can deal with sandy, rocky, and various other soils of poor quality. Most
such communities also are subject to intermittent fire, drought and cold. Coniferous temperate
evergreen forests are most frequently dominated by species in the
familiesPinaceae and Cupressaceae. Broadleaf temperate evergreen forests include those in
which Fagaceae such as oaks are common, those in which Nothofagaceae predominate, and
the Eucalyptus forests of the Southern Hemisphere. There also are assorted temperate evergreen
forests dominated by other families of trees, such as Lauraceae in laurel forest.
Evergreen forests around the world are under threat of logging, mining, oil and gas developments,
pollution, hydroelectric projects and other human developments planned in these areas.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/tropicalevergreenforests-150121092348-conversion-gate01/85/Tropical-evergreen-forests-1-320.jpg?cb=1421853853)
