Multiple Intelligence Theory

Howard Gardner’s: Multiple Intelligences

Title Page and Table of Contents……..1-2

Introduction……..3-6

Verbal/Linguistic Intelligence……..7-11

Logical/Mathematical Intelligence……..12-17

Visual/Spatial Intelligence……..18-23

Bodily/Kinesthetic Intelligence……..24-29

Musical/Rhythmic Intelligence……..30-35

Interpersonal Intelligence……..36-40

Intrapersonal Intelligence……..41-44

Bibliography……..45-47

Credits……..48-61

Table of Contents

What is the theory of multiple intelligences? The theory of multiple intelligences is Howard Gardner’s theory that proposes that people are not born with all of the intelligence they will ever have. It says that intelligence can be learned throughout life. Also, it claims that everyone is intelligent in at least seven different ways and can develop each aspect of intelligence to an average level of competency. Intelligence, as defined by Gardner, is the ability to solve problems or fashion products that are valuable in one or more cultural settings.

The 7 intelligences included in Gardner’s theory are: *Verbal/ Linguistic *Visual/ Spatial *Interpersonal *Musical/ Rhythmic *Logical/ Mathematical *Intrapersonal *Bodily/ Kinesthetic

There are 8 Criteria for Defining Multiple Intelligences: *Each of the intelligences can potentially be isolated by brain damage. *Each of the intelligences exists in exceptional people (savants or prodigies). *Each of the intelligences has a process of developing during normal child development and has a peak end-state performance. *Each of the intelligences is evidenced in species other than human beings. *Each of the intelligences has been tested using various measures not necessarily associated with intelligence. *Each of the intelligences can work without the others being present. *Each of the intelligences has a set of identifiable operations. *Each of the intelligences can be symbolized or has its own unique symbol or set of symbols.

The theory of multiple intelligences has encouraged the idea that a person is not born with all the intelligence they will ever possess. In the rest this slide show, each of the intelligences will be explained to give you a better understanding of Howard Gardner’s theory.

Linguistic Intelligence

~*Linguistic Intelligence*~ Linguistic Intelligence ( Word Smart ) is the capacity to use language, your native language, and perhaps other languages, to express what's on your mind and to understand other people. Gardner's Definition:

Criteria Used for Linguistic Intelligence

Can understand words and manipulate the structure of language

Has highly developed communication skills including writing, speaking, and story-telling

Knows and correctly uses rules of grammar

Enjoys reading, writing, and speaking

Has a large vocabulary

This person learns best by:

Saying, hearing, and seeing words

Writing

Talking

Reading

Careers

Author

Journalist

Poet

Playwright

Radio Announcer

Speech Pathologist (one who interprets)

Typist

Novelist

Comedian

Politician

Orator

Actor

Curator

These people would do well in these careers.

Famous People With Linguistic Intelligence

William Shakespeare

Edgar Allen Poe

Earnest Hemmingway

F. Scott Fitzgerald

Emily Dickinson

Agatha Christie

T.S. Eliot

Rudyard Kipling

Activities These People Would Enjoy

Book reporting

Telling jokes

Writing words

Reading

Journal writing

Speaking

Letter writing

Storytelling

Discussing

Creative writing

Debating

Persuading

Logical-Mathematical Intelligence

Logical-Mathematical Intelligence Logical-mathematical intelligence is the capacity to use numbers effectively and reason well. Someone who has this kind of intelligence is able to see cause and effect really well; also, they are able to identify a problem and solve it right there on the spot. People with this intelligence think by reasoning, and they love experimenting, questioning, figuring out logical puzzles, and calculating.

What kinds of processes are used in the logical-mathematical intelligence sequence?

Categorization

Classification

Inference

Generalization

Calculation

Hypothesis testing

Careers

Accountant

Actuary

Auditor

Banker

Bookkeeper

Businessperson

Computer Analyst

Computer Programmer

Doctor

Economist

Legal Assistant

Mathematician

Purchasing Agent

Science Researcher

Science Teacher

Statistician

Technician

Underwriter

Famous Mathematicians

Einstein

Pythagoras

Newton

Pascal

Archimedes

Euclid

Copernicus

Plato

Galileo

Aristotle

Analyzing

Categorizing

Formulas

Logic Games

Numbers

Outlining

Patterns

Problem Solving

Reasoning

Time Lines

Synthesis

Sequencing

Rational Thinking

Scientific Thinking

Venn Diagrams

Statistics

Activities

Spatial Intelligence

What is spatial intelligence?

Spatial intelligence is the brain’s ability to perceive and interpret visual stimuli. In other words, it’s how our minds process what we see. Although not very recognized, spatial intelligence is very important in the arts and in everyday life.

Why is spatial intelligence important?

The way that we visually perceive and interpret the world around us is an important quality to have. In the arts, the ability to transfer a vision to a painting, sculpture, or film is a key quality. Careers such as architecture, require a person to transfer a vision of a structure into a blueprint. Spatial intelligence is even used by average people to remember small, but important facts; like how to travel from your school to your house. Everyone uses spatial intelligence in everyday life.

Possible Careers

Advertising Agent

Architect

Cartographer(Map Maker)

Drafter

Engineer

Fine Artist

Graphic Designer

Fashion Designer

Interior Designer

Inventor

Painter

Photographer

Pilot

Sculptor

Surveyor

Urban Planner

Famous People With High Spatial Intelligence

Leonardo Da Vinci

Pablo Picasso

Spike Lee

Vincent Van Gogh

Frank Lloyd Wright (architect)

Steven Spielberg

Ansel Adams (photographer)

Amelia Earhart

Auguste Rodin (sculptor)

Robert Fulton (inventor)

Michelangelo

Lesson planning activities for spatial intelligence

Brochures

Collages

Designs

Drawings

Flow Charts

Mapping

Molding Clay

Patterns

Painting

Photography

Posters

Pretending

Sculpting

Visualization

Idea Sketching

Labeling

Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence

What is Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence?

It is expertise in using one’s whole body to express ideas and feelings.

Examples: acting, dancing, sports, and using body language

It is the ability to use one’s hands to produce or transform things.

Examples: sculpting clay and hands-on learning

Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence

Love

Dancing

Running

Jumping

Building

Touching

Gesturing

Need

Role play

Drama

Movement

Things to build

Sports and physical

games

Tactile (touchable) experiences

Hands-on learning

Thinking through physical sensations

Other Activities that Would be Enjoyed

Acting

Charades

Collections

Demonstrations

Experiments

Field Trips

Gymnastics

Impersonations

Inventing

Martial Arts

Miming

Puppetry

Visiting

Exercise

Possible Career Choices

Actor

Athlete

Carpenter

Choreographer (creates and arranges dances)

Craftsman

Dancer

Farmer

Forest Ranger

Inventor

Jeweler

Mechanic

Mime

P.E. Teacher

Physical Therapist

Recreational Director

Actress

Babe Ruth

Jim Thorpe

Kristi Yamaguchi

Mickey Mantle

Thomas Edison

Isadora Duncan

Cincinnatus

Fabergè

Wilbur Wright

Orville Wright

Famous People

Musical Intelligence

What is Musical Intelligence?

Being musically intelligent means that you are able to distinguish the sounds around you and that you have the ability to make your own melodies. Even if you are only singing a song or making music, you are using your musical intelligence!

If you are musically intelligent, you are able to:

Perceive

Discriminate

Transform

Express

All kinds of musical forms

Types of Musical Intelligence

Figural and Formal

(“top-down”) (“ bottom-up”)

This means that you This means that you

are very intuitive about analytic and technical

the nature of music and about music and its

its creation. creation.

*Anyone can have either both or one of these forms *

Careers This will give you just a taste for the jobs available in this growing field.

Advertising Agent

Conductor

Disc Jockey

Film/Instrument Maker

Composer

Music Teacher

Sound Engineer

Music Therapist

• Song Writer

• Performing Musician

• Piano Turner

• Singer

• Musical Theater Actor/ Actress

• Studio Engineer

• Instrument Manager

• Rapper

Famous Musicians These are just a few of the famous Musicians that helped shape the field of Music.

Joan Baez

Zubin Mehta

Ethel Merman

Jean Redpath

Gustav Mahler

Leonard Bernstein

Ella Fitzgerald

Jenny Lind

Stephen Foster

Antonio Stradivari

Ludwig van Beethoven

Ray Charles

Robert Schumann

Sergei Rachmaninoff

Yehudi Menuhin

Willie Nelson

The Mavericks

Lawerence Welk

George Gershwin

Activities The following is a list of activities that can be used in a classroom or anywhere else to enhance one’s own musical intelligence.

Sing Ballads

Create Chants

Create Concept Songs

Discographies (lists of

musical selections to

enhance what you are

learning or teaching.)

Environmental Sounds

Humming

Illustrate With Sounds

Rhythms

Instrumental sounds

Listening

Lyrics

Mood Music

Music Composition or creation

Musical concepts

Musical Performance

Percussion and Raps

Reproduce sounds and rhythms

Singing and Songs

Vocal Sounds and Tonal Patterns

Interpersonal Intelligence

Gardner's Definition:

Interpersonal intelligence, (people smart), is understanding other people. It’s an ability we all need, but is at a premium if you are a teacher, clinician, salesperson, or a politician. Anybody who deals with other people has to be skilled in the interpersonal sphere.

Interpersonally intelligent people enjoy:

* Giving feedback to the teacher or to classmates

Understanding other's feelings

Person-to-person communication

Cooperative learning strategies

Receiving feedback

Group projects

Teaching someone else something new

Learning from someone outside of school

Other points of view

Creating group rules

Acting in a play or simulation

Conducting an interview

Creating "phone buddies" for homework

Sensing others’ motives

Creating group rules

Famous Interpersonal People

Abraham Lincoln

George Washington

Ghandi

Dr.Joyce Brothers

Oprah Winfrey

Jesse Jackson

Martin Luther King

R ev. Billy Graham

Interpersonal Careers

Administrator

Anthropologist

Arbitrator

Counselor

Manager

Nurse

Personnel Director

Politician

Public Relations

Salesperson

School Principal

Sociologist

Therapist

Teacher

Travel Agent

Religious Leader

Psychologist

Intrapersonal Intelligence “ What is intrapersonal intelligence?” Intrapersonal intelligence is self-knowledge and the ability to act adaptively on the basis of that knowledge. This intelligence includes having an accurate picture of oneself (one’s strengths and weaknesses); awareness of inner moods, intentions, motivations, temperaments, and desires; and the capacity for self-discipline, self-understanding, and self-esteem. Essentially, it’s how well you know yourself.

Careers • Clergyman • Entrepreneur • Program planner • Psychiatrist • Psychology Teacher • Philosopher • Theologian • Researcher • Spiritual Counselor • Psychologist

Well-Known ExpertsThat Use Intrapersonal Intelligence * Aristotle * Emily Dickinson * General George Patton * Helen Keller * Malcolm X * Mohammed

Lesson Planning Activities *Autobiography *Awareness of Personal Feelings *Concentration *Expression of Feelings *Focusing *Free-Choice Time *Goal Setting *Higher-Order Thinking and Reasoning *Independent Studies Projects *Mood Awareness and Shifting *Personal Application * Personal Priorities *Personal Projection *Sensing the Emotions of the Moment *Self –Identification *Thinking Strategies