Fashion History

Chapter 1 What Is Fashion? Introducing Fashion Fashion History

Chapter Objectives
Explain the different definitions of fashion.
Identify the merchandise categories of fashion.
Explain the difference between style and design.
Identify the needs satisfied by clothing.
Discuss the early history of clothing.
Name some influential people in fashion industry.
Identify specific styles in the 20 th century.

Definitions of Fashion Fashion Defined Section 1.1 In the apparel industry, fashion is the existing type of clothing that is preferred by a large segment of the public. To many people, fashion is a current trend that is popular for frivolous reasons. To some people, fashion is a precise style of dress or behavior that is acceptable in one year, but not in another. To retailers, fashion is whatever is currently selling. To sociologists, fashion represents a way of social interaction and status seeking.

Merchandise Categories
Fashion retailers group merchandise into categories—basic merchandise and fashion merchandise .
fashion merchandise goods that are popular at a particular time Section 1.1 Staple items are in the basic merchandise category. staple items basic merchandise that customers purchase on a regular basis

Fashion Basics
To be successful in the fashion industry, designers, producers, marketers, and retailers must have an understanding of basic fashion terms, such as style and design .
style a particular shape or type of apparel item identified by the distinct features that make it unique Section 1.1 design a particular or unique version of a style because of a specific arrangement of the basic design elements

Fashion Basics
A retail customer may select a garment based on its color.
garment any article of clothing, such as a dress, suit, coat, or sweater Section 1.1

Fashion Basics
The three dimensions of color are:
Section 1.1
Hue —the quality of the color
Value —the lightness or darkness of a color
Intensity —the brightness or dullness of a color

Fashion Basics
Line is an element of design that directs the path of eye movement.
Shape , or silhouette, is the overall form or outline of a garment.
Texture is how the surface of a material, or fabric, feels and looks.
Function refers to the intended use or purpose of an object.
Section 1.1

Design Elements Fashion Basics Section 1.1 Color Line Shape Texture

What are Fashion Products?
Fashion is anything that has strong customer appeal at a given time.
It is usually determined by personal taste.
Taste refers to the current opinion of what is attractive and appropriate for an individual and occasion.

What Are Fashion Products?
Fashion products include:
Section 1.1 Clothing Accessories Home Furnishings

Economic Importance
Fashion can be a reflection of the economic environment.
When people are unable to satisfy their basic needs for food and shelter, style becomes less important.
Fashion serves as a historical record of culture and lifestyle.
Section 1.1

What is the difference between style and design?
What are four basic elements of design?
How do economic conditions affect fashion?
1. 2. 3. Section 1.1 1.1

Earliest Clothing
The earliest clothing dates from about 20,000 B.C.
The earliest clothes were developed primarily for protection from the weather and environment.
The earliest clothes were made of fur, animal skin, leaves, and grass.
Section 1.2

Why People Wear Clothes
People have three basic clothing needs:
Section 1.2
Physical needs: protection and safety
Psychological needs: appearance enhancement
Social needs: affiliation and standards

Why Clothing? Why People Wear Clothes Section 1.2 Physical Needs
protection
safety
Social Needs
affiliation/fitting in
standards
Psychological Needs
identity
adornment
cultural identity

Sources of Clothing History
The evolution of dress can represent a visual history of a culture.
Section 1.2 Sources of clothing history include: Actual garments Old paintings Fashion publications Photographs Written publications

Fashion Through the Ages
During the Industrial Revolution of the 1800s, garments began being mass-produced.
The invention of photography influenced the spread of styles.
The fashion magazine Vogue was first published in 1892.
Section 1.2

Historical Trendsetters
Elizabeth I
Clothing indicator of social status
Louis XIV
Sent life-size fashion dolls to every European court
Marie Antoinette
Trendsetter for ornate styles
Section 1.2

Historical Trendsetters
George Bryan “Beau” Brummell
Dandyism
dandyism during the 1880s, a style of dress for men and a lifestyle that celebrated elegance and refinement Section 1.2
Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis
Understated elegance
The Beatles
“ Mop-top” hairstyles

Fashion: 20 th Century to the Present
The Early 1900s
Section 1.2
In 1909, Vogue features new loose-fitting clothing for women.
Women stop wearing corsets.
Skirts get slightly shorter.
The invention of rayon leads to more functional clothing.

The 1920s
Section 1.2
Gabrielle “Coco” Chanel introduces sportswear garments and trousers for everyday wear.
Chanel promotes the style of the “flappers.”
Chanel introduces the “little black dress.”
The “one-hour dress” is invented by the Women’s Fashion Institute.
Styles are simpler.

The 1930s–1950s
Section 1.2
Movie stars set trends for hair, makeup, and clothes.
Nylon is invented by DuPont.
To save fabric during wartime, hemlines become shorter.
Simple styles represent patriotism during wartime.
American designers become more prominent.

The 1930s–1950s
Section 1.2
Women’s styles become more traditionally feminine in the 1950s.
Christian Dior launches a new style in 1947 called the New Look .
New Look a style of the 1940s that featured long hemlines, narrow shoulders, and tightly fitted bodices with long, full, or narrow skirts

The 1960s
Section 1.2
Social changes, world events, and music affect fashion.
New synthetic fibers are invented.
Hippie style appears.
hippie style of the 1960s, a fashion consisting of clothing from the Middle and Far East, bright colors, peasant embroidery, cheesecloth, and safari jackets

The 1970s
Section 1.2
Disco style appears.
disco style of the 1970s, a fashion consisting of gold lam é, leopard print, stretch halter jumpsuits, and white clothing that glowed under ultraviolet lighting

The 1970s
Section 1.2
Punk fashion appears.
punk fashion of the 1970s, a style featuring intentionally torn clothing worn by young people with limited income, such as students and the unemployed

The 1970s
Section 1.2
Feminist movement influences women’s styles.
feminist movement of the 1970s, the organized effort to establish equal social, economic, and political rights and opportunities for women; influenced women’s fashions with shorter hemlines and the pantsuit for the workplace

The 1980s
Section 1.2
Professional women adopt “the power look.”
Business-casual attire appears.
High-quality products become available at moderate prices.
Stretchy, synthetic athletic wear becomes popular.

The 1990s
Section 1.2
Americans begin dressing less formally.
Grunge style appears.
grunge a style started by the youth culture in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States in the early 1990s; it is messy, uncombed, and disheveled
Fashion industry begins to lose the ability to dictate trends.

Fashion Today
Section 1.2
Consumers make well-informed choices about what to wear, where to shop, and how much to spend on products.
Fashion makers and marketers need to be more informed and aware of customer wants and needs.

What three basic needs are satisfied by the use of clothing?
How did World War II affect the fashion industry?
What fashion trends emerged in the 1980s?
1. 2. 3. Section 1.2 1-2

Fashion History

by Nirmala last

Accessibility

Categories

Upload Details

Usage Rights

2 Embeds 18

Statistics

Fashion History Presentation Transcript

http://www.slideshare.net	16
http://translate.googleusercontent.com	2