Explicación de los conceptos de coherencia y cohesión textual con ejemplos en inglés.

1. Coherencia y cohesión
textual
Inglés Extracurricular
Universidad Nacional
Arturo Jauretche
Prof. Analía V. Biocca
Año 2014

2. Coherencia y cohesión
 Coherencia:
 Sentido
 Tema en común
 Cohesión:
 Relación léxica y
gramatical

3. Cohesión:
Procedimientos léxicos.
 Repetición
 Sustitución
 Elipsis

4. Repetición
 Reproducir exactamente la misma
palabra o expresión.
Ejemplo:
When caring for a patient, the nurse ensures that the patient
wishes to have the planned intervention (…). The nurse is
required to ensure that the planned intervention is in accordance
with the patient´s wishes, needs and desires, so, if the patient
refuses to have a wash, the nurse must respect the client´s
wishes.

5. Sustitución
 Reemplazar un elemento léxico por
otro.
Ejemplos:
Our previous research confirms that 60% of university students
have difficulties when reading an academic text. Our study also
suggests some ways to overcome those difficulties.
I´ve heard many strange stories, but this one is the strangest one
of all.

6. Elipsis
 Suprimir la información que el receptor
puede identificar y recuperar.
Ejemplo:
In relation to Latin America (…), two factors would affect the real
incidence of labour regulations: one, the fact that non compliance
in the labour area (…) is widespread (…); the other, that workers
infrequently contest, via the judiciary system, employer decisions
(…).

7. Cohesión:
Procedimientos gramaticales.
 Referencia
 Conectores

8. Referencia
 Relación semántica.
 Explicita las relaciones de los
elementos de un texto entre sí y les
otorga significado.

9. Tipos de referencia:
 Endofórica: dentro del texto.
 Anafórica: el referente se encuentra
antes.
 Catafórica: el referente se encuentra
después.
 Exofórica: fuera del texto.

10. Ejemplo de referencia:
On 21 December 1972, the Basic Treaty was signed by
East and West Germany, and relations between the two
countries started to improve. During the next two decades,
they began to cooperate with each other by sharing
cultural and commercial activities such as arts, exchange
programs and joint business ventures. However, East
Germans were still dissatisfied because their living standard
was lower than that of West Germany.

11. Conectores
 Hacen explícitas las
relaciones que existen
entre los contenidos
de un texto.
 Son lazos cohesivos
que muestran qué tipo
de relación existe
entre las ideas de un
texto.

12. Algunos tipos de conectores:
 Addition: and, in addition, furthermore, moreover, also, as well
as, besides
 Contrast: but, however, nevertheless, yet, although, despite, in
spite of, while, unlike
 Cause / result: because, due to, so, therefore, hence, thus,
as a result, consequently
 Exemplification: for example, for instance, such as, namely,
e.g., as an example

13. Ejemplo de conectores:
In the United States, the market for orthopedic
implant devices such as total knee and hip
replacements, spinal implants, and bone
fixation devices, exceeds two billion dollars per
year. Worldwide, this market exceeds $4.3 billion per
year. These numbers, which clearly demonstrate the
economic impact of the medical device industry, should
continue to rise due to the combination of advances in
the medical and materials science fields and an aging
population.

14. Bibliografía y sitios web de interés:
 Anselmo, G. (2013) Inglés I. Florencio Varela: Universidad
Nacional Arturo Jauretche
 Halliday, M. (1985) An Introduction to Functional
Grammar (1st edition). London: Arnold.
 http://www.onestopenglish.com/support/ask-the-experts/
methodology-questions/methodology-coherence-and-cohesion/
154867.article
 http://www.rit.edu/ntid/rate/sea/processes/referencewords/prac
tice/phoric
Sitios web de interés:
 http://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/
 http://esl.about.com/
 http://www.ejerciciodeingles.com/