1. The Molecules of Cells
Chapter 3

2. Organic
Compounds
Polarity of hydrocarbons?
Hydrophobic vs. Hydrophilic

3. Organic
Compounds
Both C4H8
What is this called?
Importance?

4. Functional Groups
 “add-ons” to carbon
skeletons
 Polar?
 Water soluble?

5. What functional groups do
they contain?
 Formaldehyde?
 Ethanol?
 Acetone?
 Dopamine?

6. Organic Molecules
 Carbohydrates
 Lipids
 Proteins
 Nucleic Acids (Ch. 10)
(Macromolecules, Biomolecules)

7. Organic Molecules
 Monomer vs. Polymer
H
OH

8. Linking Monomers
 Dehydration Synthesis
What type of bond formed?

9. Separating Monomers
 Hydrolysis

10. Carbohydrates
 Monomer?

11. Monosaccharide Isomers
 Glucose and Fructose
 C6H12O6
Functional groups?
Soluble in water?

12. Disaccharides
 Glucose + Glucose = Maltose
 C12H22O11
 Glucose + Fructose = Sucrose
 Glucose + Galactose = Lactose

13. Artificial sweeteners

14. Polysaccharides
Similarities? Differences?

15. Lipids
Solubility?
Types?

16. Lipids
 Fats and oils (AKA: triglycerides)
-Glycerol
Functions?
-Fatty acids

17. Linking fatty acids to
glycerol

18. Lipids
 Saturated vs. Unsaturated fatty acids

19. Lipids
 “Hydrogenated vegetable oil”
 trans fats

20. Lipids
 Phospholipids
 Function?

21. Lipids
 Steroids
 Examples?
 Functions?

22. Lipids
 Waxes

23. Proteins
 Monomer?
 Functions?
WE ARE A
RESULT OF
THE
PROTEINS WE
MAKE!

24. R group determines AA property
Leucine Serine
hydrophobic hydrophilic

25. Linking Amino Acids

26. STRUCTURE =
FUNCTION
What happens if
proteins lose their
shape?
Causes?

27. 4 levels of
Protein Structure

28. Primary Structure

29. Secondary Structure
Hydrogen Bond

30. Tertiary Structure

31. Quaternary Structure

32. How can a change in the
DNA affect a protein’s
function?