Done By: Ideal Group School Name: Qatar Independent Secondary School for Girls Environmental Catalysis Module: Students examines different types of catalytic systems, including heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysis. Depending on the knowledge they gained during activities, the students are then asked to design their projects. The project idea is replacing mercury sulfate which is a catalyst to oxidize the naphthalene to phthalic acid by silver sulfide.

1. AL-Bairaq
I am discovering materials
Environmental Catalyst Module
Group: Ideal

2. Done by:-
Dana
Kholoud
Noof

3. • Definition of catalyst
• Description of our experiments in the lab
- Activity 1
- Activity 2
- Activity 3
- Activity 4
- Activity 5
• Project idea

4. What is catalyst?
• Catalysis is the increase in the rate of a chemical
reaction of two or more reactants due to the
participation of an additional substance called a
catalyst.
• a catalyst is not consumed by the reaction

5. Activity 1 .. Decomposing of H2O2
using yeast as a catalyst
The purpose of the experiment :
To decompose the hydrogen peroxide using a
biological catalyst which is the yeast.
Observation
we put the yeast solution (yeast + water) in the
cylinder that contains (food dye + soap), then
shake it slowly .once we added hydrogen
peroxide…
Conclusion
The hydrogen peroxide decomposed by a
biological catalyst

6. What is catalyst ?
A catalyst is a substance that speeds up a chemical
reaction, but is not consumed by the reaction, hence a
catalyst can be recovered chemically unchanged at the
end of the reaction.
Benefit of the catalyst:
1- speed up chemical reaction
2- doesn’t take any place in the chemical
reaction
Activity 2 ..searching the Internet

7. Activity 3 .. Decomposition methyl acetate using a
heterogeneous acid catalyst .
Part (1)
The purpose of the experiment :
To catalyze the hydrolysis (breakdown by reacting with water) of an
ester called methyl acetate
Procedure
1- We labeled the three bakers, then we added catalyst beads at
beaker No. 2&3
Methyl
acetate
solution
Methyl
acetate
solution
+
catalyst
Distilled
water
+
catalyst
1 2 3

8. Part (2)
Procedure
2- We put under each beaker a plastic-foam
cups with hot water and keep stirring the
solutions
3- In 18min. We were recording the pH of the
solutions each 3min. by putting the litmus
paper to compare the differences.
Observation
The Litmus paper in (methyl acetate+ catalyst)
have obviously changed (more acidic) .
Conclusion :
From the litmus paper in (methyl acetate
solution+catalyst) we conclude that …

9. Activity 4 .. Using a Metal Catalyst to Degrade an
Air Pollutant
The catalyst was copper granules
We put in the flask
ammonia gas and
phenolphthalein
Bubbles machine

10. With metal catalyst : copper
granules
Conclusion
It’s the best catalyst
because it kept
working and didn’t
get poisoned

11. With metal catalyst : iron
fiber
Conclusion
It was good at the
beginning but shortly
it got poisoned and
stopped functioning
as a catalyst

12. Activity 5 .. Using a photo -catalysis to degrade a water
pollutant
methyl blue +
catalyst
methyl blue
without
catalyst
We tested the 2 petri dishes in : dark – UV ray – sun light
For 30 minutes to see how the different of methyl blue color
will be with catalyst or without .

13. By this color levels we were comparing every 5
minutes

14. Sun lightUltra violet rayDark
Without
tio2
With
tio2
Without
tio2
With tio2
Without
tio2
With tio2Time
555555
Mb (methyl blue)
Time = 0 min.
554455
Mb
Time = 5 min.
543355
Mb
Time = 10 min
442255
Mb
Time = 15 min
432255
Mb
Time = 20 min
325155
Mb
Time = 25 min
214154
Mb
Time = 30 min

15. 0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0 min. 5 min. 10 min.15 min.20 min.25 min.30 min.
dark
ultra violet
sun light
This chart showing the changing color in
methyl blue with catalyst (TiO2)

16. This chart showing the changing color in methyl
blue without catalyst (TiO2)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0 min. 5 min. 10
min.
15
min.
20
min.
25
min.
30
min.
dark
ultra violet
sun light

17. Project idea :
The project idea is replacing mercury sulfate which is a catalyst to
oxidize the naphthalene to phthalic acid by silver sulfide.
Phthalic acid
1- Monopotassium salt ( potassium hydrogen pthalate KHC8H4O4 )
used in buffering solution in titration
2- Phthalic acid is produced by the catalytic oxidation of naphthalene
directly to phthalic anhydride and a subsequent hydrolysis of the
anhydride
HgSO4

18. ‫المشروع‬‫فكرة‬ ‫عن‬ ‫نبذه‬
(‫الزئبق‬‫كبريتات‬)HgSO4‫حامض‬‫الى‬‫النفثالين‬‫اكسدة‬‫عملية‬ ‫يسرع‬ ‫از‬‫حف‬‫عامل‬ ‫هو‬
، ‫مادة‬ ‫اي‬‫مع‬ ‫اعل‬‫تف‬ ‫في‬ ‫شكل‬ ‫بأي‬ ‫دخل‬ ‫لو‬ ‫حتى‬‫ساما‬ ‫الزئبق‬‫ويعتبر‬ ، ‫النفثاالت‬‫مع‬ ‫التعامل‬‫ويجب‬
‫ب‬ ‫يضر‬ ‫قد‬ ‫ليلة‬‫ق‬ ‫بكميات‬ ‫ولو‬ ‫الخاطئ‬‫االستخدام‬‫الن‬ ‫حذر‬‫بكل‬ ‫الزئبق‬‫كبريتات‬‫اإلنسان‬
‫للبيئة‬ ‫أضرارا‬‫،ويسبب‬ ‫اعل‬‫التف‬‫في‬ ‫يدخل‬ ‫وال‬ ‫از‬‫حف‬‫عامل‬ ‫هو‬ ‫الزئبق‬‫كبريتيد‬‫منه‬ ‫والتخلص‬ ‫تسربه‬ ‫خالل‬
‫البحار‬‫في‬ ‫المثال‬‫سبيل‬ ‫على‬.
‫بالفضة‬ ‫الزئبق‬‫معدن‬ ‫استبدلنا‬(‫الفضة‬‫كبريتيد‬)Ag2S،‫في‬ ‫وأسهل‬ ‫أمانا‬‫أكثر‬‫أنه‬‫حيث‬
‫تسربه‬ ‫حالة‬‫،وفي‬ ‫البيئة‬‫في‬ ‫منه‬ ‫التخلص‬‫في‬ ‫أضرار‬‫أي‬‫يشكل‬ ‫وال‬ ‫معه‬ ‫التعامل‬‫خطورة‬‫أي‬‫يشكل‬ ‫ال‬
‫العمل‬‫خالل‬.
‫الفضة‬ ‫كبريتيد‬
Silver Sulfide
‫الزئبق‬ ‫كبريتات‬
Mercury Sulfate

19. ‫الخواص‬‫الفيزيا‬‫ئية‬(‫الزئبق‬‫كبريتات‬)(‫كبريتيد‬‫الفضة‬)
‫الصيغة‬‫الكيميائية‬HgSO4Ag2S
‫االنصهار‬‫نقطة‬450°825°
‫المظهر‬‫بيضاء‬ ‫بلورات‬‫سوداء‬ ‫بلورات‬
‫ثافة‬‫الك‬6.47‫غ‬/‫سم‬37,23‫غ‬/‫سم‬3
‫المولية‬‫تلة‬‫الك‬296.65‫غ‬/‫مول‬247.8‫غ‬/‫مول‬
‫المخاطر‬‫تصنيف‬‫مادة‬‫السمية‬ ‫شديدة‬‫آمنة‬

20. ‫المشروع‬‫أهداف‬:
1-‫البي‬‫على‬ ‫اظ‬‫الحف‬‫على‬ ‫تساعد‬ ‫بديلة‬ ‫حلول‬‫الى‬‫الوصول‬‫ئة‬
2-‫الكيم‬‫المجاالت‬‫من‬ ‫النوع‬‫هذا‬ ‫في‬ ‫العاملين‬‫سالمة‬ ‫اهمية‬‫يائية‬
3-‫مواجهته‬ ‫المكن‬‫من‬ ‫التي‬‫المخاطر‬‫حساب‬‫باالعتبار‬ ‫األخذ‬‫ا‬
4-‫الزئ‬‫مثل‬ ‫السامة‬‫المواد‬‫بعض‬ ‫من‬ ‫القطرية‬‫البيئة‬‫حماية‬‫بق‬
‫المشروع‬‫ايجابيات‬:
1-‫امنة‬‫بصورة‬ ‫از‬‫الحف‬‫العامل‬‫استخدام‬
2-‫القطرية‬‫البيئة‬‫على‬ ‫المحافظة‬
3-‫المجال‬‫هذا‬ ‫في‬ ‫العاملين‬‫سالمة‬ ‫ضمان‬
SafeVery
toxic

21. Hydrogen
peroxide
Napthalene
Catalyst:
Silver Nitrate
The control experiment: Naphthalene with hydrogen peroxide without catalyst
(silver nitrate) the pH = 6.8
The real experiment: Naphthalene with hydrogen peroxide with catalyst (silver
nitrate)
The pH = 2.5 . And that means that phthalic acid has formed in safe way.

22. • We would like to make some researches
• Try to develop our product
• Use silver sulfide as catalyst to oxidize Naphthalene

23. Many thanks to my teachers, school and AL-Biraq team from
Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University for supporting
us during our journey in AL-Bairaq project.
Also, we would like to thank the sponsors UNESCO, Ras Gas,
Shell and Qatar Petroleum.