Global Disaster Information Network Portal to a Global Information Marketplace Presented to: TIEMS Conference Sophia Antipolis, Provance, France June 3-5, 2003 Albert J. Simard

Challenges in the 21 st century Knowledge Economy Diverse Workforce Information Explosion Sustainable Development Finite Resources International Partnerships Globalization Accelerating Change Life- Long Learning Complex Technologies Sources: US National Science Foundation (NSF, 2001), UN Citizen Engagement Safety & Security

Outline Knowledge management Sharing information Information market Market infrastructure

Knowledge management

Sharing information

Information market

Market infrastructure

Knowledge 101 Data - What are the Facts? (observations and measurements) Information - What do they mean? (interpretation within a context) Knowledge - How does it work? (relations between things, cause & effect) Wisdom - What should I do? (experience and judgment) Knowledge Management

Data - What are the Facts?

(observations and measurements)

Information - What do they mean?

(interpretation within a context)

Knowledge - How does it work?

(relations between things, cause & effect)

Wisdom - What should I do?

(experience and judgment)

Data, Information, and Knowledge Knowledge Management GIS-based maps Image Grey scale Digital library Digital documents Bits Expert consultation Voice Signal amplitude Scientific papers Text documents Letters, words Equations Tables, statistics Numbers Knowledge Information Data

Knowledge Organization Knowledge Management External Knowledge Sharing Management Preservation Lost Knowledge Use Nature Creation Internal Knowledge

Knowledge Processes Value Process Production Stage Knowledge Management Drivers (problems, issues, government) Organization (mandate, resources, culture) People (analyze, reason, decide) Content (facts, meaning, understanding) Systems (information processes) Technology (computers, communication) Data Database Information Knowledge Application Search

Knowledge Management Goals Managing Knowledge Integrating Knowledge Sharing Knowledge Preserving Knowledge single organization: mandate, authority, resources similar organizations: culture, interests, context different organizations: general, few commonalities supports other KM goals Knowledge Management Hierarchy Implementation

Managing Knowledge

Integrating Knowledge

Sharing Knowledge

Preserving Knowledge

Linking Past, Present, & Future Capture Preserve Share Integrate Learn Adapt Knowledge Management Past Present Future Infrastructure Content Processes

A Definition Developing organizational capacity and processes to capture, preserve, share, and integrate data, information, and knowledge to support organizational goals, learning, and adaptation. Knowledge Management

IM and KM Information Technology (infrastructure) Information Management (organization, business) Knowledge Management (products & services) Systems (processes) Knowledge Management

KM Framework Scale Dimension Knowledge Management Inventory assets Science synopsis Access policy Communications … Ecosystems OnLine FireM3 BN database S&T Cluster … NFIS-Secure channel CFSNet - design Project tracking … Project Preservation Sharing Dissemination Integration Synthesis Change Culture Monitoring CFS databases Info. repositories Decision support Reporting National Info. System CFS Info. System Management Info. Function KM Processes Content Infrastructure Strategic

Outline Knowledge management Sharing information Information market Market infrastructure

Knowledge management

Sharing information

Information market

Market infrastructure

A Model Sharing Information Agency 1 Information Agency 2 Information Internal controls Internal controls External controls Attributes Technology Infrastructure

Controlling Information Flow Context - issues, social, economic, nature Institutional - organization, national, international Content - domain, provider, user Technology - computers, communication, networks Infrastructure - interoperability, metadata, systems Sharing Information

Context - issues, social, economic, nature

Institutional - organization, national, international

Content - domain, provider, user

Technology - computers, communication, networks

Infrastructure - interoperability, metadata, systems

Benefits Making information more readily available when, where, and as needed. Lowering the cost of producing, providing, and using disaster information. Leveraging the efforts of existing disaster information and relief networks. Supporting more timely and better coordinated disaster response. Creating synergy to enable the production of new kinds of information. Increasing public awareness of how to plan for and respond to disasters. Sharing Information

Making information more readily available when, where, and as needed.

Lowering the cost of producing, providing, and using disaster information.

Leveraging the efforts of existing disaster information and relief networks.

Supporting more timely and better coordinated disaster response.

Creating synergy to enable the production of new kinds of information.

Increasing public awareness of how to plan for and respond to disasters.

Barriers Information is fragmented and hard to find Different languages, cultures, and mandates Lack of methods to integrate information Information is often not formatted to be useful when and where needed Sharing information

Information is fragmented and hard to find

Different languages, cultures, and mandates

Lack of methods to integrate information

Information is often not formatted to be useful when and where needed

Principles People Knowledge must be volunteered; it cannot be conscripted People need time to provide and search for knowledge Sharing must be recognized, rewarded, and facilitated A champion is insufficient; a majority must participate Infrastructure Build a real /virtual “place” for exchanging knowledge IT greatly increases market efficiency Don’t force fluid knowledge into rigid structures Don’t focus excessively on systems; also consider content Sharing information

People

Knowledge must be volunteered; it cannot be conscripted

People need time to provide and search for knowledge

Sharing must be recognized, rewarded, and facilitated

A champion is insufficient; a majority must participate

Infrastructure

Build a real /virtual “place” for exchanging knowledge

IT greatly increases market efficiency

Don’t force fluid knowledge into rigid structures

Don’t focus excessively on systems; also consider content

Mechanisms Talking (real, virtual) E-mail (individuals, list servers, distribution lists) Chat rooms, forums, discussion groups Communities of interest, informal networks Groupware (teams, working groups) Conferences, workshops, knowledge fairs Data bases, information bases, knowledge bases Digital libraries (repositories, search, retrieval) Sharing Information

Talking (real, virtual)

E-mail (individuals, list servers, distribution lists)

Chat rooms, forums, discussion groups

Communities of interest, informal networks

Groupware (teams, working groups)

Conferences, workshops, knowledge fairs

Data bases, information bases, knowledge bases

Digital libraries (repositories, search, retrieval)

Finding the Right Information There are some excellent Web sites Some order is emerging , Most sites are hard to find We need a structure for our information Sharing Information

Organizing Emergency Information Pre Event prevention, mitigation, planning, preparedness Event monitoring, warning, response Post Event rehabilitation, reconstruction, recovery Sharing Information

Pre Event

prevention, mitigation, planning, preparedness

Event

monitoring, warning, response

Post Event

rehabilitation, reconstruction, recovery

Outline Knowledge management Sharing information Information market Market Infrastructure

Knowledge management

Sharing information

Information market

Market Infrastructure

A Business Model: Information market Supply (Providers) Demand (Users) Providers and users connect through an Information Market

Attributes Price – reciprocity, repute, altruism Trust – visible, ubiquitous, top-down Signals – position, education, informal networks Inefficiencies – incomplete information, asymmetry, localness Pathologies – monopolies, artificial scarcity, trade barriers Adapted from Davenport (1998) Information market

Price – reciprocity, repute, altruism

Trust – visible, ubiquitous, top-down

Signals – position, education, informal networks

Inefficiencies – incomplete information, asymmetry, localness

Pathologies – monopolies, artificial scarcity, trade barriers

Autonomous providers and users Diversity (mandates, jurisdictions, roles) Trust (security, privacy, control) Legal (accountability, responsibility, liability) Certification (inclusion, authenticity, reliability) Quality (completeness, timeliness, accuracy) Infrastructure (standards, networks, systems) Information market

Diversity (mandates, jurisdictions, roles)

Trust (security, privacy, control)

Legal (accountability, responsibility, liability)

Certification (inclusion, authenticity, reliability)

Quality (completeness, timeliness, accuracy)

Infrastructure (standards, networks, systems)

The Provider Face Information market Provider Face Academia NGOs Private Sector Public Sector Government disaster organizations Universities, colleges, institutes, schools Disaster-related businesses Non-Government disaster organizations

The User Face Information market Public, educators, youth, seniors, media Policy advisors, decision makers, regulators User Face Public Practitioners Policy Makers Business Businesses for innovation and marketing Scientists, managers, professionals, specialists

Information for Business Information market

Plant Hardiness Zones General Information (climate + elevation) Information market

Information for Practitioners Fire Monitoring, Mapping, and Modeling System Information market

Information Facilitator Enable information search and retrieval Support global database search and access Create value-added information products and reports Support networking among communities of interest Assist providers with communication and cataloging Help users with searching, reformatting, and interpretation Information market

Enable information search and retrieval

Support global database search and access

Create value-added information products and reports

Support networking among communities of interest

Assist providers with communication and cataloging

Help users with searching, reformatting, and interpretation

Outline Knowledge management Sharing information Information market Market infrastructure

Knowledge management

Sharing information

Information market

Market infrastructure

Portals: Gateways to cyberspace Links to related sources Limited content Add value to content Search capability Organize information Customizable interface Content Portal Market infrastructure

Gateways to cyberspace

Links to related sources

Limited content

Add value to content

Search capability

Organize information

Customizable interface

Market infrastructure How (technical) Databases Technology Scientific knowledge What (subjects) Type of disaster Function Libraries Where (place) Interactive maps Place names Latitude & longitude Who (directories) Organizations Experts Products & Services When (time) Events & meetings Schedules Time series Why (about) General GDIN Management

How (technical)

Databases

Technology

Scientific knowledge

What (subjects)

Type of disaster

Function

Libraries

Where (place)

Interactive maps

Place names

Latitude & longitude

Who (directories)

Organizations

Experts

Products & Services

When (time)

Events & meetings

Schedules

Time series

Why (about)

General

GDIN

Management

Populating the Information Space When Where What Market infrastructure

Scale Market infrastructure

Prototype Cube Design Market infrastructure

CFS Bookstore Market infrastructure

Rotating the Cube Market infrastructure

CFS Forest Fire Site Market infrastructure

Route to Success Buy-in by both providers and users is essential Decisions made through consensus; not direction Project goals directly support needs of participants Think big; start small; early deliverables. Close linkages to related external programs. Summary

Buy-in by both providers and users is essential

Decisions made through consensus; not direction

Project goals directly support needs of participants

Think big; start small; early deliverables.

Close linkages to related external programs.

The Way Ahead Establishment agreements, plans, funding Design concepts, architecture, projects Prototype Build a key component Development Integrate components Implement Operationalize, maintain Summary

Establishment

agreements, plans, funding

Design

concepts, architecture, projects

Prototype

Build a key component

Development

Integrate components

Implement

Operationalize, maintain