This slide is all about leader and leadership.

1. LEADERSHIP & LEADER
Presented by Aaros Bhattarai (Bhupraj)
Bigyan Thapa
Student of BPH @VCTS

2. CONTENT
 Meaning & definition of leadership.
 Characteristic of leadership.
 Types of leadership.
 Roles of leadership in community health
program.
 Roles & Responsibilities of leader in
community.
 How to get helps from leader ?

3. LEADER AND LEADERSHIP

4. MEANING AND DEFINITION
 Leadership is the quality of an individual , which enables him
in guiding & directing the community people to bring change
in the community.
 LEADERSHIP comes from the word LEADER .
 Leadership quality includes self-confidence, decision-making
power, a good ego & status in the community.
 A Leader guides & helps in identifying community problems,
in setting goals.

5. CHARACTERISTICS OF LEADERSHIP
 Three characteristics of leadership
1) Leadership is reciprocal to the people.
2) Leadership develops upon self-determination.
3) Leadership is temporary or changeable.

6. TYPES OF LEADERS
There are two ways of classifying leaders
A. Classification on regard to official and
unofficial standing.
B. Types of leadership by degree of control.

7. A. CLASSIFICATION ON REGARD TO OFFICIAL
AND UNOFFICIAL STANDING.

8. 1) FORMAL LEADER
 They are the person working under the framework
of formal rules &regulation, specific objectives and
obligation.
 They occupy certain post like Manger, Director, In-
charge, principle etc.
 They are formally appointed or elected & have
specified roles in the institutions they work.

9.  However, formal leaders may not have strong
affinity with the community people.
B) Informal leaders
 It will be from among the local people of the community.
 The leadership is voluntary service based on education,
contribution, experiences, efficiency, etc.
 They are business people, priest, social worker, educated
person, politician etc.
 These leaders are socially accepted as faithful, sincere &
reliable . So, they are considered as community leaders.

10. B. TYPES OF LEADER BY DEGREE OF CONTROL
1. Authoritarian leaders or Autocratic leader
2. Democratic leader
3. Laissez faire leader

11. A. AUTHORITARIAN LEADER OR AUTOCRATIC
LEADER
This is the leader who himself take decision for the whole
group and doesn’t perform any further thinking.
 His word is final and the group must accept his/her
decision.
 Leader exercises absolute power and puts maximum
control over the group.

12. B. DEMOCRATIC LEADER
The leader makes only reasonable control and
encourages each member to participate in the group
activities
 Maximum numbers of participation, groups are
involvement and takes the decision to opinion of the
majority.
 Leader tries to develop a sense of responsibility
among the members to work towards the
achievement of group goal.
 Maximum interaction and interpersonal relationship
among the group members.

13. C. LAISSEZ – FAIRE LEADER
 This types of leader always allows for independent
thinking of all the members of the group.
 Doesn’t give any kind of initiative or direction.
 He/s abides by decision of the group.

15. LEADERSHIP ROLES OF COMMUNITY LEADER IN
COMMUNITY HEALTH PROGRAM
 First, we must identify the nature of leadership itself. This is different from
characteristics of leaders, including characteristics we desire them to have.
 There is probably only one characteristic that makes a person a leader. It is they
lead, and others follow. To avoid the implication that the followers are blind or like
sheep, and that a leader must go where she or he wants those followers to go, we
might reword that and say: "A person is a leader when she or he suggests or
proposes some action and others agree with it and are willing to do it."
 All other characteristics are characteristics of kinds of leaders, not leadership itself.
 When a mobiliser is organizing a community, she or he needs to identify
community leaders and potential leaders, because leadership is a vital element of
that organizing and organized action. Listen carefully. When some individuals
speak, no one pays attention. When others speak, people listen, and agree with
the ideas put forward. The mobiliser must find and shape local leaders and
potential leaders. If someone says things with which the mobiliser agrees, but no
one listens to, the mobiliser must be firm and go on to others. When a person
makes suggestions that other people take seriously, even if the ideas are not in
compliance with the principles the mobiliser wants to emphasize, the mobiliser
needs to select that person for training and shaping.
 A leader is one who leads.
 Once we understand leadership itself, it is now time to ask what characteristics can
leaders have that we desire, or see as being most useful.

16. THE COMMUNITY HEALTH LEADER AS A
CASE CHANGE AGENT AND CASE
MANAGEMENT

17. ROLES OF LEADERSHIP IN COMMUNITY HEALTH
PROGRAM
 The health workers have to take good leadership in
community health program
 Leaders should have following roles in community
health program
 As a gate keeper- act as initiative and see the every
members
 As a motivator
 As a communicator
 As a link relationship between the health workers and
community
 As a planner
 As a informer
 As a facilitator
 As a consultant

18. WHO ARE COMMUNITY HEALTH WORKER
 CHW
 HA, CMA , ANM ,Community health Nurse , School
Health Teacher , Trained Birth Attend ,FCHVs
 What are the community health program on
community
 Vit A capsule distribution, Polio vaccination ,
Immunization , Health camp ,
 PHC ORC
 Toilet making
 Other Public health program
 CDP Etc.

19. AS A CASE AGENT AND CHANGE MAKING ON
COMMUNITY BY CHW
 To well prepared about the health program.
 To promote the health promotion.
 To awareness about the health problem and
disease .
 To working jointly and co- operatively with the
community.
 To effective the program & change making process
by their KAP on good manner.

20. ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF A LEADER IN THE
COMMUNITY.
 Provide guidance to the local people & keep them on
right track.
 Act as communicator & coordinator for the community
people & establish good relationship with them.
 Act as motivator to encourage people to do something for
community welfare.
 Help maintain necessary rules & disciplines in the
community for its welfare.

21.  Work with people in identifying & solving community
health problems.
HOW TO GET HELP FROM LEADERS ?
A health educator should know the techniques of getting
necessary help from the leader. He should follow the
following process :
1. Identifying formal & informal leaders & establishing good
relations with them.
2. Finding out their knowledge, attitude & skills related to
the programme & their to bring necessary change in these
areas.
3. Discussing with them about the problem & health
education programme.

22. 4. Convincing them about their importance & trying to use
them as motivators in the community for convincing people to
take necessary action to solve their health problem.