Green Building 101 For Contractors

GREEN BUILDING 101 FOR CONTRACTORSIntroduction to Green Building

What is the The Green Roundtable / NEXUS? POLICY CONSULTING Mainstreaming green building through education, policy and technical assistance.

NEXUS NEXUS’s range of services: • Green project management • Design charrettes • Feasibility assessment • Building systems analysis •Rhode Island Center for Biotechnology & Life Sciences • Carbon footprint reduction • ENERGY STAR assessment •Mass Audubon Wellfleet Bay Sanctuary • LEED certification • LEED support • LEED policy development • LEED credit calculation and strategic assistance review

• Bourne Mill Apartments • Boston Children’s Museum • Staples • Suffolk University’s 10 West Street Dorm• Burlington Office Park-5 Wall Street• Georgetown McDonough School of Business• Penn State University Hershey Medical Children’s Hospital

Courses •LEED Green Associate Exam Prep •LEED & Green Project Management •Case Study Roundtables & Life •Rhode Island Center for Biotechnology Sciences •Green Product Seminars •Mass Audubon Wellfleet Bay Sanctuary

LEED & Green Project ManagementThis full-day course is designed for individuals who want tobecome experts in LEED© and green building implementationand understand how their expertise best integrates into theprocess to achieve real value for their projects.Specifically, participants will be able to: •Rhode Island Center for Biotechnology & Life•Set goals for, manage, and implement your LEED© and green building Sciencesprojects from start to finish.•Integrate the planning, design, construction, Bay operations phases in •Mass Audubon Wellfleet and Sanctuaryorder to achieve a comprehension of the green building process.•Prioritize and achieve your sustainability goals using readily availabletools and resources.•Understand the overarching sustainability principles related to sites,energy, water, products, indoor environmental quality, constructionpractices, and operations and maintenance.•Project Management tools and exercise will help participants understandand implement the course material.

What Do We Want from Buildings?  Shelter  Comfort  Aesthetics  Infrastructure

What Do We Get from Buildings?Environmental Impacts of Buildings: 14% of US potable water flow 40% of raw materials globally 39% of US greenhouse gas emissions 40% of US primary energy use 72% of total US electricity use 40% of landfill material 30% of buildings suffer from ―sick building syndrome‖

AverageSavings ofGreenBuildings

$3.81 BILLION $3.24 BILLION$792 MILLION

We have a choice...

LEED ADOPTIONS Various LEED initiatives are found in 45 States 442 Localities 14 Federal Agencies

At the federal level • 11 agencies require or encourage their buildings to meet the USGBC LEED standard (a recently introduced bill would require the adoption of green building standards across still more agencies)Around the country • 31 states have adopted LEED • More than 166 Local Governments have adopted LEED

Recent Regional Policies and Initiatives • The Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) • Massachusetts State Green Building Policy • Mass LEED Plus

Policy Massachusetts LEED Plus All new construction and major renovation projects for state buildings must be LEED Certified and within LEED must achieve certain credits or benchmarks.

Massachusetts LEED PlusLARGE PROJECTS, 20,000 square feet or larger:  EAc1, exceed Mass Energy Code by at least 20%  EAc3, third party building commissioning  Smart Growth, at least one of four:  SSc2, Development Density  SSc3, Brownfield Redevelopment  SSc4.1, Public Transportation  MRc1.1, Maintain 75% of existing building  WEc1.1, Reduce potable water consumption for irrigation by 50%  WEc3.1, Water Use Reduction by 20%

Massachusetts LEED PlusSMALL PROJECTS, under 20,000 square feet :  Adhere to Mass LEED Plus  Surpass Mass Energy Code by 20%  Follow the prescriptive approach using Advanced Buildings Benchmark Tool

Massachusetts LEED PlusStrongly encourages Massachusetts SchoolBuilding Authority (MSBA) to adopt MassachusettsCollaborative for High Performance Schools (MACHPS) for new K-12 schools.

Economic PolicyMA state commitment toincrease installed solar powerfrom 2 MW to 250 MW in adecade, and by brokering afirst-in-the-nation relationshipbetween a solar panelmanufacturer and electricitydistribution utilities around thestate to market solar powerand make the installation andconnection process smoother.

Policy in the City of Boston

PolicyCity of Boston Article 37All projects that fall under BostonRedevelopment Authority ―large projectreview‖ must be LEED Certifiable.

Recent Boston Policies and Initiatives• Boston’s Climate Action Plan• Boston’s Article 80• DND’s Green Affordable Housing Program• Boston’s Article 37• Lights Out Boston• Solar Boston• Renew Boston

Famous Green Buildings in the Area Boston Nature Center, Boston MA Genzyme Center, Cambridge MAForbes Lofts, Chelsea MA Macallen Building South Boston MA Manulife Building, Boston MA

Some green building terminology…•Green building •Recycle•Sustainable building •Indoor air quality•Energy efficient •Indoor environmental quality•High performance •Building certification•Net zero •Triple bottom line•Integrated design •Embodied energy•Low emitting •Life cycle analyisis•Green materials

Intentional Design: Triple Bottom Line1. Environmental benefits – Reduce impact on the environment and demand for natural resources2. Economic benefits – Improve the bottom line and account for externalities3. Health and Safety benefits – Enhance occupant comfort, safety and health

Goals of A Green Building Project• Minimizing lifecycle costs• Reducing natural resources use• Reducing waste• Increasing equipment and system efficiency• Emphasizing source and waste reduction• Creating healthy environments

Elements of Green Building1. Sustainable Sites2. Water Efficiency3. Energy Management4. Materials and Resources5. Indoor Environmental Quality6. New Technologies & Renewable Energy

Sustainable Site Goals Prevent downstream impacts to water quality Preserve productive agricultural landscapes and open space Eliminate development in flood plain Reduce Heat Island Effect Reduce dependency on single-occupancy automobiles

DefinitionsGreenfield Sites:Sites that have not been previouslydeveloped, are in a natural stateLow Impact Development (LID):Low Impact Development promotes carefulsite design and decentralized stormwatermanagement while reducing theenvironmental footprint of new growthImpervious surfaces:Surface that promote runoff by prohibitinginfiltration Definitions adapted from the LEED NC 2.2 Reference guide

Water Conservation Goals Reduce potable water consumption for irrigation Reduce potable water consumption Reduce sewage volume Recharge groundwater

DefinitionsPotable waterWater suitable for drinking. Meets or exceeds EPA standards.GreywaterMultiple definitions (Uniform Plumbing Code, InternationalPlumbing Code, State and local codes) “untreated household waste water which has not come into contact with toilet waste.” (UPC)BlackwaterDoes not have one widely accepted definition.State and local codes may consider wastewater from kitchensinks, showers or bathtubs as blackwater.Wastewater from toilets is always considered blackwater. Definitions adapted from the LEED NC 2.2 Reference guide

Energy Efficiency Goals  Reduce energy consumption  Increase on-site renewable energy generation  Increase market for off-site renewable energy generation  Reduce ozone layer depletion and global warming gas generation

DefinitionsInfiltration:Air leakageCommissioning (Cx):The process of ensuring that building systems aredesigned, installed, tested and capable of beingoperated properlyEnergy Conservation Measures (ECMs):Installations of equipment or systems, or modifications ofequipment or systems, for the purpose of reducingenergy use and/or costs Definitions adapted from the LEED NC 2.2 Reference guide

Materials and Resources Goals Reduce Embodied Energy of construction Provide access to recycling services Reduce waste generated by construction

Materials and Resources GoalsReduce Embodied Energy of construction by:  Reusing buildings & materials  Using materials with recycled content  Using local materials  Using rapidly renewable materials  Using responsibly harvested wood

DefinitionsRecycled content:Products with identifiablerecycled content, includingpost-industrial content, witha preference for post-consumer content. Countertops made from 100% recycled materials/Icestone Natural, plentiful or renewable: Harvested from sustainably managed sources and certified by an independent Rubber tapping/Phuket.net third party.

DefinitionsResource efficient manufacturing process:Includes reducing energy consumption, minimizingwaste (recycled, recyclable and or source-reducedproduct packaging), and reducing greenhousegases. Floor Covering WeeklyLocally available: Found locally or regionally,saving energy and resources in transportation tothe project site.

DefinitionsSalvaged, refurbished, or remanufactured:Saving a material from disposal and renovating,repairing, restoring, or generally improving theappearance, performance, quality, functionality, orvalue of a product.Reusable or recyclable: Select materials that canbe easily dismantled and reused or recycled at theend of their useful life.Humanscale’s fully recyclable Cinto chair/Humanscale

DefinitionsRecycled or recyclable product packaging:Packaging that has recycled content or that can berecycled.Durable: Longer lasting or comparable toconventional products with long life expectancies. Roughstockstudios.com Sustainableisgood.com

Environmental Impacts of Buildings INDOOR AIR QUALITY (IAQ) • More than 30% of buildings have poor indoor air quality. Often the air inside the average home is 10 times more polluted than the outside air on the smoggiest of days. We spend 90% of our time indoors.** Source: EPA How Stuff Works

Indoor Environmental Quality Goals Provide Effective Ventilation Reduce harmful chemicals and pollutants inside building Provide comfortable conditions and occupant control of indoor environment Provide occupants with access to daylight and views

DefinitionsLow- or non-toxic: Emit few or nocarcinogens, reproductive toxicants, or irritantsas demonstrated through appropriate testingMinimal chemical emissions: Minimal Environmental Depotemissions of volatile organic compounds(VOCs). Products that also maximize resourceand energy efficiency while reducing chemicalemissionsLow-VOC assembly: Materials installed withminimal VOC-producing compounds or no-VOC mechanical attachment methods andminimal hazards Phoenix Organics

Definitions Moisture resistant: Inhibits the growth of biological contaminants in buildings Healthfully maintained: Require only simple, non-toxic or low-VOC methods of cleaningServiceMASTER Clean Systems or equipment: Promote healthy IAQ by identifying indoor air pollutants or enhancing the air quality

Brown design vs. Green design MINDSET How we think, the assumptions we make, our perceptions of role and expectations of interaction PROCESS Collaborative decision making, blurring of roles and clarity of scope TOOLS Early analysis, life cycle context, material specifications, etc. © 2000 GreenShift Framework

Integrated Design Process (IDP)Linear Design ProcessPrelim SD DD CD B&N B&N B&N Constr VE VE VEIntegrated Design ProcessPrelim SD DD CD B&N Constr & MaintVE All Hands Meeting

Integrated Design Process (IDP) Integrated Design Process Prelim SD DD CD B&N Constr. VE Linear Design Process Prelim SD DD CD B&N B&NB&N Constr. VE VE VE Based on concepts/graphics by Bill Reed

Design ProcessDesign-bid-build - Traditional design method beginstypically with an architect or engineer contracted tothe owner to prepare drawings and specs. Theseare then put out to bid publicly. The contractor is notinvolved in design; architect and engineer havelimited involvement through construction.Design-build - Owner contracts with a firm thathandles the design and construction. Can be designled or construction led. Both entities involvedthrough construction. Increasing in popularity overdesign-bid-build method.

Building Design Integrated Project Delivery-Integrated project delivery (IPD) - Incorporateselements of both design processes and is mostoptimized for green building projects as it encouragesearly multi-disciplinary coordination. • Architect and contractor are not contractually bound to one another • Each manages their piece of project (including consultant/subcontractor selection and coordination) • Clear definition of roles, responsibilities & scope • Defining and measuring project outcomes • Primary participants play key role start to finish • Key supporting participants perform a specific role

What Is IPD?• Many definitions used to describe this more holistic approach to building design• Common elements of the various definitions:  Goal-driven  Facilitated  Structured  Clear decision-making  Inclusive  Collaborative  Holistic or system thinking  Whole-building budget setting  Iterative  Non-traditional expertise

Process of Integrated Project DeliveryAn integrated project team includes membersfrom various disciplines and sectors. Everyoneis brought to the table at the beginning of theproject and is involved in drafting goals topromote collaborative problem solving andholistic thinking.

Process of Integrated Project DeliveryPhases of IPD: • Conceptualization (expanded programming) • Criteria design (expanded schematic design) • Detailed design (expanded design development) • Implementation documents (construction documents) • Agency review • Buyout • Construction (construction/construction contract admin) • Close out

Whole Building DesignWhole building design:• This approach, reflected in the structure of IPD, considers all building components and systems during the design phase and integrates them to work together to reduce resource consumption and environmental impact.• Not limited to projects using IPD• Example: using daylighting techniques reduces the amount of artificial light, which reduces heat given off by lighting systems, thereby reducing air conditioning needs and size of system; requires responsible team members working in conjunction

Whole Building Design Pre-DesignPre- design:• Setting project goals• Set project budget and schedule• Define property boundary and LEED project boundary  Property boundary - all land owned by owner  Project boundary - all land associated with the LEED contract, and land impacted by the development

Whole Building Design Pre DesignPre- design involves: • Reviewing selected rating system and codes • Selecting project team and assigning responsibilities • Planning for building commissioning • Considering durability planning and management • Evaluating opportunities for innovation and design

Whole Building Design Pre-Design• Design- Development of building systems in their scope• Construction- Ensuring project is built as designed, addressing energy and environmental guidelines, purchasing compliant materials, honoring spec requirements, maintaining IAQ, waste and recycling• Operations and Maintenance- Effective operations and maintenance providing opportunities for efficiency

Cost Benefit AnalysisCost benefit analysis looks at the sustainabletechnologies proposed and factors in thepotential cost savings achieved during theoperation of the building. • Soft costs - design fees, taxes, permit fees, etc. • Hard costs - labor and materials

Cost Benefit Analysis – Simple PaybackSimple Payback:Total initial cost of the improvement is divided by thefirst-year cost savings. Provides estimated numberof years needed for improvement to pay for itself andsimple return on investmentFor example;Solar PV system costs = $10,000Average yearly savings from system - $2,500Payback = 4 years

Cost Benefits Analysis – Lifecycle Cost AnalysisLifecycle cost analysis (LCC):Evaluates the total cost of the capital investment overthe life of the item. • Initial capital cost • Operating costs • Maintenance costs • Financing costs • Expected useful life • Future equipment salvage values** Important to establish scope and timeframeWeighing societal impacts - be sure to evaluate theadditional factors impacted that may not have directcost, e.g., carbon reduction, improved air quality

Cost BundlingKey Components:• Looking beyond the single line-item cost impact and instead looking at various cost bundles of strategies• Evaluating a system’s upfront vs. lifecycle cost comparisons• Might be more upfront work, but can enhance decision making time and reduce delays due to late design changes Collaboratively developed with Bill Reed (coined phrase)

Rating Systems

Questions? http://www.nexusboston.org/

GREEN BUILDING 101 FOR CONTRACTORSBuilding Certification Systems

Rating Systems

Energy Star and CHPS http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=h ome.index •Residential homes scored using the HERS index HERS= Home Energy Rating •Commercial buildings are benchmarked in Portfolio Managerhttp://www.chps.net/dev/Drupal/node/34

Enterprise Specifically for affordable housing development Created in consultation with some of the nation’s leading environmental, public health and green building experts Overlap with LEED Enterprise also offers funding and other support to projects In addition to mandatory requirements projects must achieve the following point thresholds: New Construction: 35 points Moderate rehabilitation: 30 points

Enterprise •Integrated Design •Site, Location and Neighborhood Fabric •Site Improvements •Water Conservation •Energy Efficiency •Materials Beneficial to the Environment •Healthy Living Environment •Operations and Maintenance

LEEDWhat is LEED? LEADERSHIP in ENERGY and ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN A point-based rating system that evaluates environmental performance from a whole building perspective

What is LEED? USGBC definition: LEED promotes a whole-building approach to sustainability by recognizing performance in five key areas of human and environmental health: sustainable site development, water savings, energy efficiency, materials selection, and indoor environmental quality.

What is LEED? LEED© Leeds

What is LEED? • Buildings become certified • Professionals become accredited • Products are never LEED or USGBC certified

Why was LEED Created?  Facilitate positive results for the environment, occupant health and financial return  Prevent ―greenwashing‖  Promote whole-building, integrated design processes  Recognize leaders  Stimulate green competition  Raise consumer awareness  Transform the marketplace!

What is the US Green Building Council? The U.S. Green Building Council is the building industry’s only balanced non-profit consensus coalition promoting the understanding, development and accelerated implementation of green building policies, programs, technologies, standards, and design, operations and maintenance practices. www.usgbc.org

What is the Green Building Certification Institute? GBCI was created to administer certification and credentialing programs related to green building practice and to ensure that the LEED Accredited Professional (LEED AP) program continues to be developed in accordance with best practices for credentialing programs. As of April 27, 2009, GBCI administers the LEED project registration and certification and the LEED Professional credentialing processes.

USGBC and GBCI StructureUSGBC is responsible for: 1) Developing the LEED rating system 2) Producing the LEED reference guides 3) Developing and offering educational programs on the LEED rating systemGBCI has two roles: 1) LEED credentialing program 2) Building certification

Levels of LEED CertificationFour levels of LEED certification:• Certified = 40-49 points, 40-50% of core credits• Silver = 50-59 points, 50-60% of core credits• Gold = 60-79 points, 60-80% of core credits• Platinum = 80-110 points, 80% or more of core credits

Cost of LEEDDavis Langdon 2006 studyCost of Green Revisited:Reexamining theFeasibility and Cost Impactof Sustainable Design inthe Light of IncreasedMarket Adoption found―there is no significantdifference in average costfor green buildings ascompared to non-greenbuildings.‖

Cost of LEEDThe Urban Green Councils recent study,"Cost of Green in NYC," surveyed 107properties, including 38 multi-family high-rises, pursuing LEED certification. Thestudy found no statistically significantdifference in construction cost betweenLEED and non-LEED projects.Construction costs in the LEED high-rises came out to around $440 persquare foot, while the non-green groupaveraged $436 per square foot.

What Is LEED v3?LEED v3 is the newest evolution of theLEED rating system. It was launchedon April 27, 2009. LEED v3encompasses three components: 1. LEED 2009, composed of LEED rating system updates/revisions 2. Revision and evolution of LEED certification process 3. LEED Online v3

What Is LEED 2009? LEED 2009 aligns five of the rating systems—NC, CS and Schools (now BD&C), CI (now ID&C) and EBOM (now EB O&M). All ratings in these five ratings systems are based on a 110-point system— 100 points plus 10 potential bonus points.

LEED Rating Systems In Development: Healthcare Retail Retail Interiors Existing Schools Multi-building Campuses Mid-rise Homes

What Is LEED 2009?LEED 2009 changes include:1) LEED Prerequisite/Credit Alignment and Harmonization2) Predictable Development Cycle3) Transparent Environmental/Human Impact Credit Weighting4) Regionalization

LEED Rating Systems In Development: Healthcare Retail Retail Interiors Existing Schools Multi-building Campuses Mid-rise Homes

LEED 2009 Credit Categories Sustainable Sites All of the LEED 2009 Water Efficiency rating systems (NC, Energy & Atmosphere CI, CS, EB O&M, Schools) share the Materials & Resources same six credit categoriesIndoor Environmental QualityInnovation & Design Process

The LEED Credit Categories Sustainable Sites Intent Water Efficiency Requirements Energy & Atmosphere Materials & Resources SubmittalsIndoor Environmental Quality Technologies & StrategiesInnovation & Design Process

The LEED Credit CategoriesAll LEED rating systems include:• Prerequisites• Core credits (SS, WE, EA, MR, IEQ)• Innovation and Design (ID) credits  Exemplary performance  Innovative strategies (refer to USGBC Innovation in Design Credit Catalog)All LEED ratings systems require compliance withfederal, state and local environmental laws andregulations; LEED certification can be revoked uponknowledge of noncompliance.

Innovation and Design creditsTotal of 6 points can be awarded for Innovation andDesign credits:• ID Credits 1.1-1.5 (1- 5 points)  Up to 3 points may be earned for exemplary performance (surpassing established thresholds of LEED credits)  Up to 5 points can be awarded for innovative strategies which demonstrate quantifiable environmental benefits – unique approaches not outlined in LEED program• ID Credit 2- LEED Accredited Professional - 1 point  Point awarded if you have a LEED AP as a principal participant on project team

LEED Checklist

What is LEED-NC?LEED for New Construction and MajorRenovation (LEED-NC) is the original andmost popular LEED rating system. It wasdeveloped for commercial and institutionalbuildings (especially office buildings) but hasbeen successfully applied to a variety ofprojects.

LEED-NCMajor renovation involves elements of:• Significant building envelope modifications• Major interior rehabilitation• Major HVAC renovation

What is LEED-CI?LEED for Commercial Interiors (LEED-CI)is an alternative rating system to LEED-NC.It was developed with office use, tenant fit-out projects in mind but has beensuccessfully applied to a variety of interiorconstruction projects.

What types of projects use LEED-CI?The official answer: According to the USGBC,LEED-CI is applicable to ―tenant projects.”The USGBC then defines tenants as: ―one thatpays rent to occupy a building, an occupant whodwells in a place, and/or a holder of buildingssuch as ownership or lease.‖The short answer: Almost any type of interiorconstruction project that can meet theprerequisite and credit requirements*Individual apartments or condominiumscannot be certified

What types of projects use LEED-CI?The boundary lines between different LEEDrating systems overlap at times. TheUSGBC states, ―If more than one ratingsystem applies, then it is up to the projectteam to decide which one to pursue. Theproject is a viable candidate…if it can meetall prerequisites and achieve the minimumpoints required in a given rating system.‖ ? ?

LEED-BD&C vs. LEED-ID&CA few differences: LEED-BD&C LEED-ID&C Can Involve an Must Involve an Existing Building VS Existing BuildingInvolves Site Selection Involves Site and Design Selection Energy Model Energy Model Usually Needed Optional

LEED-BD&C vs. LEED-ID&CA few differences: LEED-BD&C LEED-ID&C Building Envelope Building Envelope CanMust Be Considered VS Be Ignored Furniture Can be Office Furniture Must Included in Calcs Be Included in CalcsMore Site, Water, and More Materials & Indoor Energy Credits Environ. Quality Credits

What is LEED-CS?LEED-CI is complemented by a third rating system,LEED-CS (Core and Shell.) LEED-CS covers thedesign and construction of the building envelope,systems and core. LEED-CS can only be used forprojects where the owner will occupy less than 50%of the leasable square footage.It is advantageous (but not necessary) for a tenantconsidering LEED-CI to choose a LEED certifiedbase building.

LEED-CS• LEED-CS is the only rating system under which a project can complete a precertification application. Precertification provides a great opportunity to market the proposed green elements of the project.• The project team details the strategies that will be used to pursue certification.• Once a successful preliminary review of the application has been made by GBCI, the project can advertise that it is pre-certified.• Precertification does not guarantee certification, and the project must still fulfill the certification requirements.

What is LEED for Existing Buildings O&M?LEED for Existing Buildings: Operations andMaintenance (LEED-O&M) is targeted towardsowners and operators and is applicable to buildingoperations, processes, systems upgrades, andminor space use changes. Oregon Convention Center, Portland OR, LEED-EB Certified

LEED-EB O&MLEED-EB O&M is targeted at singlebuildings that are 100% owner-occupied, though multiple-buildingprojects and single multi-tenantbuildings can potentially qualifyunder certain conditions.LEED-EB O&M is a whole-building Adobe HQ, San Jose CArating system; individual tenant LEED-EB Platinumspaces are ineligible.

LEED-BD&C, ID&C vs. LEED-EB O&M LEED-BD&C & LEED-EB O&M ID&C An Event An On-Going Process VSDesign & Construction Life of Building Capital Budgets Operating Budgets

LEED-EB O&MA LEED-EB O&M project team is significantlydifferent from a LEED-NC, CI, CS or Schoolsproject team.LEED-EB O&M team members generallyinclude: • Owner • Facility manager • Property manager • Building engineer • Groundskeeper

LEED for Schools• K-12 projects must use LEED for Schools• Other educational projects, including college projects, can use LEED for Schools or LEED-NC • LEED for Schools is applicable to both new construction and renovation projects • LEED for Schools is very similar to LEED-NC but has two additional prerequisites: 1) Environmental Site Assessment 2) Minimum Acoustical Performance

LEED for Neighborhood Development• LEED-ND certifies new developments that take into account sustainability and community connectivity principles and encourage smart growth.• The rating system is a joint effort of the USGBC, the Congress for New Urbanism and the Natural Resources Defense Council.• LEED-ND includes five credit categories: 1) Smart Location and Linkage 2) Neighborhood Pattern and Design 3) Green Infrastructure and Buildings 4) Innovation and Design Process 5) Regional Priority Credits

LEED for Homes• LEED for Homes is used for single-family detached and low-rise (3 stories or under) multifamily properties.• Owner or builder must work from the beginning of the project with a LEED for Homes provider to enter the program.• LEED for Homes providers manage teams of green raters who perform inspections and field testing and verify that LEED for Homes requirements have been met.

LEED for Homes• LEED-H has the same credit categories as the LEED 2009 rating systems, along with credits in three additional categories: 1) Innovation and Design Process 2) Locations and Linkages 3) Awareness and Education• LEED-H is based on a 136-point scale.• LEED-H includes a Home Size Adjustment provision that allows the number of points required for certification to be adjusted according to the size of the home and the number of bedrooms.

LEED for HomesLEED-H includes a durability planning prerequisitethat promotes high performance of the buildingenclosure and its components and systemsthrough appropriate design, materials selectionand construction practices. The durability planmust include the following: • Evaluation of durability risks • Incorporation of durability strategies into design • Implementation of durability strategies into construction • Third-party inspection of the implemented durability features

Sustainable Sites-LEED New ConstructionCredit # Credit Name # of Points SS Pr 1 Construction Activity Pollution Prevention Req SS C 1 Site Selection 1 SS C 2 Development Density & Community Connectivity 5 SS C 3 Brownfield Redevelopment 1 SS C 4.1-4.4 Alternative Transportation 12 SS C 5.1-5.2 Site Development 2 SS C 6.1-6.2 Stormwater Design 2 SS C 7.1-7.2 Heat Island Effect 2 SS C 8 Light Pollution Reduction 1 effects of erosion

Water Efficiency- LEED New ConstructionCredit # Credit Name # of Points WE P1 Water Use Reduction, 20% reduction Req’d WE C 1 Water Efficient Landscaping, Option 1 2-4 Reduce by 50%, Option 2 (In addition to option 1) No potable use or no irrigation WE C 2 Innovative Wastewater Technologies 2 WE C 3 Water Use Reduction, 30% reduction 2-4 Water Use Reduction, 35% reduction Water Use Reduction, 40% reduction

Energy & Atmosphere-LEED New ConstructionCredit # Credit Name # of Points EA Pr 1 Fundamental Bldg Systems Commissioning Req EA Pr 2 Minimum Energy Performance Req EA Pr 3 Fundamental Refrigerant Management Req EA C 1 Optimize Energy Performance 19 EA C 2 On Site Renewable Energy, 2.5, 7.5, 12.5% 7 EA C 3 Enhanced Commissioning 2 EA C 4 Enhanced Refrigerant Management 2 EA C 5 Measurement and Verification 3 EA C 6 Green Power 2

Materials & Resources- LEED New ConstructionCredit # Credit Name # of Points MR Pr 1 Storage and Collection of Recyclables Req MR C 1.1 Bldg Reuse, Maintain 55%,75%, 95% of Existing walls, floors and roof 1-3 MR C 1.2 Bldg Reuse, Maintain 50% Interior Non-Structural Elements 1 MR C 2 Construction Waste Management, Divert 50%, 75% 1-2 MR C 3 Materials Reuse, Specify 5%, 10% 1-2 MR C 4 Recycled Content, Specify 10%, 20% (post consumer + ½ post 1-2 industrial) MR C 5 Regional Materials, 10%, 20% Extracted, Processed, & Manufactured 1-2 Regionally MR C 6 Rapidly Renewable Materials 1 MR C 7 Certified Wood 1

Indoor Environmental Quality LEED New ConstructionCredit # Credit Name # of Points EQ Pr 1 Minimum IAQ Performance Req EQ Pr 2 Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) Control Req EQ C 1 Outdoor Air Delivery Monitoring 1 EQ C 2 Increased Ventilation 1 EQ C 3.1 Construction IAQ Management Plan, During Construction 1 EQ C 3.2 Construction IAQ Management Plan, Before Occupancy (N/A 1 Core & Shell) EQ C 4.1 Low-Emitting Materials, Adhesives & Sealants 1 EQ C 4.2 Low-Emitting Materials, Paints & Coatings 1 EQ C 4.3 Low-Emitting Materials, Flooring Systems 1 EQ C 4.4 Low-Emitting Materials, Composite Wood & Agrifiber 1 EQ C 5 Indoor Chemical & Pollutant Source Control 1 EQ C 6.1-6.2 Controllability of Systems Lighting & Thermal Comfort 2 EQ C 7.1-7.2 Thermal Comfort – Design, verification 2 EQ C 8.1-8.2 Daylight and Views 2

LEED Credits – Innovation in Design 5 pointsID C 1.1 Innovation in Design (To Be Determined by Project Team) 1ID C 1.2 Innovation in Design (To Be Determined by Project Team) 1ID C 1.3 Innovation in Design (To Be Determined by Project Team) 1ID C 1.4 Innovation in Design (To Be Determined by Project Team) 1ID C 2 LEED Accredited Professional 1 Exemplary Performance

LEED Certification Process Registration Developing Documentation Certification Submission Review Process Certification Awarded

LEED Certification Process: RegistrationSTEP 1: Project Registration• You must create a user name and password to log in into LEED On-line• GBCI accounts are free• Registration suggested during design phase• Gain access to resources - LEED On-line - CIR databases (only pre-LEED 2009 CIRs)• Online project listing – can be confidential• Insurance against future rule changes• USGBC member discount ($900 members/$1200 non-members)

What is LEED Online?LEED Online is the online certification processthat allows project teams to work collaborativelyto organize, calculate and submit the technicaland scientific data required to earn certification.Project teams can download Adobe PDF credittemplates that contain easy-to-use data fields formost of the information required fordocumentation. Existing instruments of service—like CAD drawings and energy modeling data—can be uploaded to LEED online to fulfilladditional documentation requirements.

LEED Online • Letter template completed for every credit • Upload supporting documentation

Tips from the Pros• LEED-Online provides an opportunity for project teams members to manage their project and the credits required and pursued.• LEED credit templates provide project teams the means of compiling information and managing communication between team members and GBCI.

LEED Certification Process: DocumentationSTEP 2: Documentation• During design and construction, team completes paperwork to document LEED compliance• Using LEED On-Line -Invite Team Members -Assign/Manage Roles -Assign Credit Responsibilities -Complete Requirements -Internal Review -Submit for Certification•Use same user name and password

LEED Certification Process: SubmittalSTEP 3: Certification Submission• Team submits documentation to GBCI• Two options: Two-phase submission: 1) after design completed and 2) after construction completed One submission: after construction completed

LEED Certification Process: SubmittalSTEP 3: Certification Submission Two-stage submission (design & construction): • Design credits can be submitted earlier in the project. • Design credits can also be ―deferred‖ and documentation submitted with construction submission.

LEED Certification Process: SubmittalSTEP 3: Certification Submission • Regardless of the approach, the Project Administrator pays the appropriate fee and submits the credits for review. Certification fees are based on rating system and size of project. • For the construction phase submittal, a project team is required to submit all credits that are being pursued that were not submitted for design. • For two-stage submissions, the team can also include any new design credits they are attempting with the construction submittal.

LEED Process: Review Process• After design submission review, credits are designated either:  Anticipated  Denied• The reviewer can request any number of clarifications after both the design and construction reviews

LEED Process: Review Process• After construction submission review, credits are designated as either:  Earned  Denied

Certification ApplicationRequirements of the certification application:• The selected rating system• LEED registration information• Project contact• Project type • LEED submittal templates• Project size and supporting• Number of occupants documentation• Usage type • CIRS requested for this• Date of substantial project completion • Drawings and photos• Project narrative • Payment of fees• LEED project checklist

LEED Process: Review ProcessLEED projects are reviewed by one of 10 certificationbodies that are accredited to ISO standard 17021.The LEED certification bodies are: • ABS Quality Evaluations, Inc. • BSI Management Systems America, Inc. • Bureau Veritas North America, Inc. • DNV Certification • Intertek • KEMA-Registered Quality, Inc. • Lloyd’s Register Quality Assurance Inc. • NSF-International Strategic Registrations • SRI Quality System Registrar, Inc. • Underwriters Laboratories-DQS Inc.

LEED Resources – LEED Online Registration Things to keep in mind: Documentation• Items posted to LEED Online do not Certification go directly to the USGBC. Review Process• Items posted can be removed and LEED-NC Project edited; they are not final. LEED Online Register Project• For each credit, the template needs to Invite Team Members be completed. Assign Responsibilities Complete Requirements Internal Review Submit for Certification

LEED Resources – LEED Online Things to keep in mind: Registration Documentation• The LEED calculator(s) does not need to be uploaded as it is often Certification incorporated into the template in Review Process some form. LEED-NC Project• For each credit, additional LEED Online documentation that is required is Register Project listed. If there is any other Invite Team Members documentation you want to add Assign Responsibilities (such as a narrative), you may also Complete Requirements upload additional documents. Internal Review Submit for Certification

LEED Review Process1) Project submitted for review by Project Administrator Registration Documentation2) Within 25 days business days, USGBC issues document noting Certification credits earned, clarify or denied. Review Process LEED-NC Project3) Project team has 25 days to provide corrections and/or additional supporting documentation to credits marked as ―clarify‖ and resubmits to USGBC.

LEED Process Registration4) USGBC has 15 days to review the Documentation resubmitted credits and return a final Certification review, which lists credits as either Review Process ―earned*,‖ ―anticipated**‖ or ―denied.‖ LEED-NC Project5) Project team has 25 days to accept or appeal final review. Appealed credits will be reviewed and be either ―earned‖ or ―denied.‖6) Complete* or 2nd cycle** *One-stage submission process **Two-stage submission process

Completion of LEED Process Registration Documentation Certification Review Process LEED-NC Project

GREEN BUILDING 101 FOR CONTRACTORSGreen Credentials & Training

LEED AP CredentialingIn June 2009, a new three-levelLEED-AP tier system wasintroduced: • Tier I—LEED Green Associate • Tier II—LEED AP • Tier III—LEED AP FellowThere are now eligibilityrequirements for all levels of theexam in addition to credentialingmaintenance requirements.

LEED Green AssociateTier I—LEED Green Associate: • Demonstrates knowledge and skill in understanding and supporting green design, construction and operations • Primarily for employees at companies and organizations supporting LEED (non-technical fields of practice) • Must pass 2-hour Green Associates exam (100 multiple choice questions) • Biannual educational maintenance requirement of 15 hours

LEED Green AssociateRequirements for taking LEED Green Associateexam: • Demonstrate or document involvement in support of LEED projects—either from drop- down menu or in narrative • Be employed in sustainable field of work or engaged in or completing an education program that addresses green building principles (GBCI will accept a certificate of completion or an official transcript).

LEED Green Associate Exam Requirements Candidates are required to: • Agree to the Disciplinary Policy • Agree to the Credentialing Maintenance Program Biannual educational maintenance requirement of 15 hours (3 of these hours must be LEED specific) • Submit to an application audit (5- 7% of candidates)

LEED Green Associate FeesCosts involved with the LEED Green Associatecredential: • $50 application fee • Exam fee (per exam appointment): $150 for USGBC National Members and full- time students $200 for all others • Credentialing maintenance fee: $50 every 2 years

LEED AP with SpecialtyTier II—LEED AP: • Extraordinary depth of knowledge in green building practices and specialization in a particular field: –Commercial building design and construction –Commercial operations and maintenance –Commercial interior design and construction –Residential design and construction –Neighborhood development • Must pass 2-hour exam (100 multiple choice questions) • Biannual educational maintenance requirement of 30 hours

LEED APRequirements for taking LEED AP exam: • Document work on at least one LEED project within the last 3 years, with verification through LEED-Online or employer attestation • Submit to application audit

LEED APCosts involved with the LEED AP credential(specialty exam only): • $100 application fee • Exam fee (per exam appointment): $150 for USGBC National Members $250 for non-members • Credentialing maintenance fee: $50 every 2 yearsAny additional specialty exam is $150 for USGBCNational Members per exam appointment and$250 for non-members per exam appointment, plusthe application fee

LEED AP FellowTier III—LEED AP Fellow: • LEED AP fellows enter an elite class of leading professionals who are distinguished by their years of experience • Involves peer review of portfolio • Fellows contribute to the standards of practice and body of knowledge for continuing improvement in the green building field

LEED Green Associate Exam• The exam tests broad knowledge of sustainable design principles and basic understanding of LEED rating systems and other LEED resources.• 100 multiple choice questions• Exam scores range from 125 to 200. Candidates must achieve a minimum score of 170 to pass the exam and earn the LEED Green Associate credential. (Note that the scaled score is neither the number of items correct nor percentage correct.)

LEED Green Associate ExamComputer Format: • Ability to mark questions to review once finished • Can move back and forth between questions • Review test before final submission to be scored • Provides score immediately after (5 min. to process)

LEED Green Associate Exam• The Green Associates exam tests:  Knowledge of what LEED is  Knowledge of the process through which buildings become certified  Knowledge of administrative processes, including registration and certification  Familiarity with terminology  Potential strategies for achieving sustainability goals  How to be involved with and support other LEED project team members

HER= Home Energy Rater•A Home Energy Rater is accredited Energy Residential homes are scored using the HERSRater Training organization. A rater index HER= Home Energyconducts onsite inspections, typically Raterincluding a blower door test (to test theleakiness of the house) and a duct test (totest the leakiness of the ducts).•The organizations are listed on theResidential Energy Services Network’s(RESNET) website athttp://www.resnet.us/programs/training/directory.aspx•Residential Energy Services Network’s(RESNET) websitehttp://www.resnet.us/about

HER= Home Energy Rater•A Home Energy Rater is accredited by an Residential homes are scored using the HERSEnergy Rater Training organization through index HER= Home Energyan examination. Rater•A rater conducts onsite inspections,typically including a blower door test (to testthe leakiness of the house) and a duct test(to test the leakiness of the ducts).•The organizations are listed on theResidential Energy Services Network’s(RESNET) website athttp://www.resnet.us/programs/training/directory.aspx•Residential Energy Services Network’s(RESNET) websitehttp://www.resnet.us/about

Residental Energy Services Network (RESNET)EnergySmart Contractor/Builder•Complete an energy efficiency training course offered by a RESNET-approved training provider•Pass an exam administered by RESNETThe training program and examination have been designed to provide thecontractor/builder with a strong background in energy efficiency buildingand retrofits.Training and exam topics include:1. Principles of energy2. Cost-effective energy efficient practices3. The house as an inter-related system4. Combustion safety5. Order that work must be carried out for optimal safety and effectivenessResidential Energy Services Network (RESNET) http://www.resnet.us/

Building Performance Institute, Inc. (BPI)The Building Performance Institute offers a number of different exambased certifications:•Building Analyst•Envelope•Residential Building Envelope Accessible Areas Air Leakage ControlInstaller•Residential Building Envelope Whole House Air Leakage Control CrewChief•Manufactured Housing•Heating•Air Conditioning and Heat Pump•MultifamilyBuilding PerformanceInstitute, Inc.http://www.bpi.org/home.aspxTraining programs are offered through BPI affiliate trainers.

GREEN BUILDING 101 FOR CONTRACTORSCommercial Green Building

Review of LEED Certification Process Registration Developing Documentation Certification Submission Review Process Certification Awarded

LEED CreditsPrimary Responsibility

Materials & Resources- LEED New ConstructionCredit # Credit Name # of Points MR Pr 1 Storage and Collection of Recyclables Req MR C 1.1 Bldg Reuse, Maintain 55%,75%, 95% of Existing walls, floors and roof 1-3 MR C 1.2 Bldg Reuse, Maintain 50% Interior Non-Structural Elements 1 MR C 2 Construction Waste Management, Divert 50%, 75% 1-2 MR C 3 Materials Reuse, Specify 5%, 10% 1-2 MR C 4 Recycled Content, Specify 10%, 20% (post consumer + ½ post 1-2 industrial) MR C 5 Regional Materials, 10%, 20% Extracted, Processed, & Manufactured 1-2 Regionally MR C 6 Rapidly Renewable Materials 1 MR C 7 Certified Wood 1

Construction Waste Management Implications and Opportunities

Construction Waste Management Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation

Building Industry Waste: National Level• The EPA estimates more than 325 ec.europa.eu/environment/waste/ million tons of C&D debris in 2003*• Approximately 92% of all C&D waste is from renovation and demolition.**• Approximately 60% of building-related C&D materials end up in landfills.****RCRA in Focus: Construction, Demolition and Renovation, September 2004**Resource Venture Construction Waste Management Guide, September 2005***Source: Recover Your Resources: Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle Construction andDemolition Materials at Land Revitalization Projects, USEPA, April 2008

Building Industry Waste: National Level• From 1992 to 1997, commercial new construction activity averaged 3.89 pounds of waste per square foot*• The number of C&D landfills is declining, which means fewer disposal options, greater hauling distances, and increased California Integrated Waste fuel consumption and Management Board vehicle emissions.*** Characterization of Building-Related Construction and Demolition Debris in the UnitedStates, June 1998** Source: Whole Building Design Guide

Building Industry Waste: MassachusettsMassachusetts produces significant volumes ofC&D debris. In 2002, EPA New England found that:• C&D debris accounted for 36 percent of all residential and commercial solid waste generated in Massachusetts*• C&D debris accounted for almost 50 percent of the states total commercial solid University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Facilities Services waste stream* *Source: EPA New England http://www.epa.gov/region1/solidwaste/cnd/

C&D Materials Programs: MassachusettsState and local governments in New Englandare working to divert this waste away from landdisposal by promoting the reuse and recycling ofC&D debris. Reducing C&D debris: • Conserves landfill space • Reduces the environmental impact of producing new materials • Reduces overall building project expenses through avoided purchase/disposal costs

C&D Materials Disposal Three conventional end sources for C&D waste: • Municipal solid waste landfills – Handle household waste – Subject to EPA landfill criteria • Incinerators – Combustion facilities • C&D landfills – Devoted exclusively to C&D materials – Approximately 1,900 C&D landfills* – Mostly regulated by state and local governments*Source: List of Industrial Waste Landfills and Construction and Demolition Waste Landfills,UPEPA, September 1994

Massachusetts C&D Disposal Measures: NowMassachusetts Department of EnvironmentalProtection (DEP) issued two measures:• Beyond 2000 Solid Waste Master Plan committed Massachusetts to an 88 percent reduction in C&D waste by 2010• C&D disposal and transfer ban on five materials effective July 1, 2006: – Asphalt paving – Brick – Concrete – Metal Powerscreen – Wood

Massachusetts C&D Disposal Measures: NowResults of the disposal ban: • MA first state to ban C&D waste • Increased recycling facilities –14 C&D processing facilities Roma Stone Corp. –3 asphalt recycling facilities –1 gypsum wallboard recycling facility • Currently more processing capacity than demand • Estimated 1.977 million tons of Wastecycle C&D waste in 2007.

Massachusetts C&D Disposal Measures: FutureAs the recycling markets for other materials grow, itis predicted that the Massachusetts C&D disposalban will be expanded. Areas to keep an eye on: – Gypsum wallboard – Ceiling tiles – Carpet National Gypsum Carpet Recycling UK

Emerging Issues• Few regions are experiencing a shortage of C&D landfill space. However, the increase in tipping fees (especially in the Northeast and the Northwest), regulations excluding C&D materials from landfills, the decline of the numbers of C&D landfills in the U.S. (26% fewer between 1990 and 2002*), and more rigorous standards for new landfill design, all suggest landfill disposal of C&D waste will be significantly more expensive in the future.*Source: Whole Building Design Guide

C&D Definitions• Construction and Demolition (C&D) Debris: Results from construction, remodeling, repair or demolition of buildings, roads or other structures. It includes (but is not limited to) wood, concrete, drywall, masonry, roofing, siding, structural metal, wire, insulation, asphalt, and packaging materials related to construction or demolition.• ADC (Alternative Daily Cover): Cover material other than earthen material which is placed on the surface of the active face of a municipal solid waste landfill at the end of each operating day to control vectors, fires, odors, blowing litter, and scavenging.

C&D Definitions• Total Inbound Tons: The total tons of recyclable C&D waste, mixed C&D waste and non-recyclable C&D waste entering a receiving facility.• Mixed C&D Waste: C&D materials containing both recyclable and non- TSW Automation, Inc. recyclable materials that have not been source separated. C&D waste is considered to be mixed waste if it contains more than 10 percent but less than 90 percent recyclable C&D waste by volume.

C&D Definitions• Pure Loads of Recyclable C&D Waste: Loads of single or mixed types of recyclable C&D waste that contain at least 90 percent recyclable C&D waste materials by volume.• Commingled C&D: Pure loads of recyclable C&D waste that contain mixed types of recyclable materials stored in one on-site container, which is taken to a sorting facility where materials are separated for recycling. Non-recyclable material may not be placed in a commingled container.

C&D Definitions • Source-separated C&D Waste: A single kind of recyclable C&D waste material that has been separated from other C&D waste materials at the site of remodeling, repair, construction, demolition, or land clearing before it isHouston-Galveston Area Council (H-GAC) transported to a receiving facility.

Waste Prevention StrategiesPrevent waste from being generated in the firstplace. Architects and contractors can preventwaste during all phases of a project. • Use standard dimensions in the building design • Create less framing waste through techniques such as increased spacing of joists and studs and in-line framing ConstructionOwl.com

Waste Prevention Strategies • Use green building materials such as products with recycled content. • Consider used building materials. Most used building materials can be installed provided they do not act as structural components or Salvoweb otherwise compromise safety. Materials purchased at salvage yards are 10 to 50 percent of the cost of new materials.

Question: Why Develop A Waste Reduction Plan?Answer: To not pay twice Each time you throw away waste from a project, you are paying twice for materials: • First to buy them • And again to throw out what you don’t use Industrial Brokers Planning for waste reduction is the best way to save money and insure materials can be used most efficiently.

Construction Contract Components• Many contracts require the contractor to document their actual waste diversion performance throughout the project. The CWM Plan, therefore, should include progress reporting procedures to record actual diversion and cost. The Content Wrangler Community

Construction Contract Components• As the accepted Plan is a part of the contract document, it is often incorporated into the Contractors Quality Control and Owners Quality Assurance processes. Some public owners go so far as to specify that progress payments will not be approved until updated actual diversion performance reports are submitted. Livelymoney.blogspot.com

Construction Contract Components• Some contracts vest title to debris and waste materials to the contractor, and allow the contractor to accrue the economic benefits. These include cost avoidance through reduced debris tipping expenses, revenues from salvaged and recycled materials, and cost avoidance by using materials taken from the jobsite back into the project. Dealbreaker

Waste Reduction PlanningDevelopment of a Construction Waste ManagementPlan (CWMP) is critical. • Keep the plan simple. • Involve essential personnel in developing your plan. • Target materials with high potential for reuse and recycling. • Specify the methods to separate, store and collect materials. Make it as convenient as disposal, and protect materials from the elements or other damage.

Construction Waste Management PlanA successful plan should contain the followinginformation: • Name of individual(s) responsible for waste prevention and management • Waste recycling or reuse goals (estimated percentage of waste diverted by the plan) • Analysis of project waste: estimated material types and quantities • Actions that will be taken to reduce solid waste generation • List of specific waste materials to be salvaged and recycled

Construction Waste Management Plan• Description of the specific approaches to be used in recycling/reuse• Material handling procedures• Recycling facilities to be used. Waste cannot be sent to a facility that is not included in the plan.• Letters of certification from all facilities used• Identification of materials that cannot be recycled or reused• Name of landfill and the estimated costs, assuming no salvage or recycling

Construction Waste Management Plan• Identification of local and regional reuse programs• Information on how information will be communicated to the crew and subcontractors• Description of the regular meetings held to address waste management Boston Building Materials• Statement that hazardous Resource Center waste, soil and land-clearing debris are excluded from the calculations

Construction Waste Management Plan• Anticipated net cost or savings• Sample monthly recycling analysis report• The plan must be printed on the contractor’s letterhead; a plan on the waste hauling company’s letterhead is not acceptable.

To Sort or Not to Sort?Source Separation The source-separation of C&D materials on site for recycling is generally more cost-effective than disposal or commingled recycling and yields an average facility recycling rate of 90+ percent. Source-separation also helps create higher-end markets for recyclables, such as the manufacture of new recycled- content building materials. Whole Building Design Guide

Complexity vs. EconomicsRecycling Advantages DisadvantagesMethodSource • Higher • Multiple containersSeparation recycling rates on site • Lower • Workers must recycling separate materials costs; money for recycling paid for some • More complex materials logistics • Often a • Multiple markets; cleaner, safer more information to work site manage “Recycling C&D Wastes”, Institution Recycling Network

Complexity vs. EconomicsRecycling Advantages DisadvantagesMethodCommingled • Only one or two • LowerRecycling containers on site recycling rates • No need for • Higher workers to recycling costs separate materials for recycling • Easier logistics • One market; less information to manage “Recycling C&D Wastes”, Institution Recycling Network

Cost of Recycling, Boston Area Source: The Institution Recycling Network: http://www.wastemiser.com/costcomparisonchart.pdf

Summary of Key StrategiesPrevent ContaminationAdopt strategies to preventcontamination. • Clearly label the recycling bins and waste containers on site. • Post lists of recyclable and non- recyclable materials. • Conduct regular site visits to verify Houston-Galveston Area that bins are not contaminated. Council (H-GAC) • Provide feedback to the crew and subcontractors on the results of their efforts.

Recycling Databases: EPAwww.epa.gov/epaoswer/non-hw/debris-new/bytype.htm

Recycling Databases: WBDG www.wbdg.org/tools/cwm.php

Recycling Database and More: WBDG www.wbdg.org/resources/cwmgmt.php

Recycling Databases, MA: Mass DEPwww.mass.gov/dep/recycle/reduce/managing.htm

Recycling Databases, MA: WasteCap RSD www.wastecap.org/wastecap/rsd2003/

Recycling Databases, MA: WasteCap RSD

Reuse Databases: Mass DEP www.mass.gov/dep/recycle/reduce/donation.htm

Regional Resources: Northeastwww.nerc.org/topic_areas/c_and_d.html

Regional Case Studies: Milford, MAMilford Fire Station • Consigli Construction • January 2003 • 83% C&D waste divertedMaterial Tons Recycling Cost Avoided Disposal Cost* SavingsAsphalt Paving 329 $790 $13,160 $12,370Concrete 192 $1,910 $7,680 $5,770Wood 1,26207 $0 $2,300 $2,300Metal 7.7 $5,279 $577 $298Cardboard 2.4 0 $180 $130Slate 18 0 $720 $720TOTAL 569.1 $2,979 $24,617 $21,638 Source: Mass DEP

Regional Case Study: Milford, MAClarke Distribution Corp • Consigli Construction • June 2004 • 98% C&D waste diverted Material Tons Recycling Cost Avoided Disposal Cost* Savings Ceiling Tiles 6 $625 $708 $83 Asphalt 970 $2,367 $114,460 $112,093 Concrete 1,267 $4,092 $149,506 $145,414 Metal 19 $785 $2,242 $1,457 Cardboard 0.86 $105 $101 (-$4) TOTAL 2,263 $7,974 $267,017 $259,043 Source: Mass DEP

Material Selection General Information

Embodied EnergyWhat is embodied energy?The quantity of energy required to manufacture,and supply to the point of use including: • Extraction • Assembly • Transportation • Installation • Manufacturing • Some definitions also include disassembly & removal

Embodied EnergyQuestion: Which of the following building materials commonly has the HIGHEST embodied energy? a. Brick b. Copper c. Aluminum d. Slate e. Glass

Embodied EnergyAnswer: Which of the following building materials commonly has the HIGHEST embodied energy? a. Brick b. Copper c. Aluminum d. Slate e. GlassSource: http://www.greenhouse.gov.au/yourhome/technical/fs31.htm

Embodied EnergyGenerally, the more highly processed a materialis, the higher its embodied energy. Source: http://www.greenhouse.gov.au/yourhome/technical/fs31.htm

Embodied EnergyHow doesembodied energycompare withannual operatingenergy?The embodiedenergy in officebuildings can equalmore than 30 yearsof operating energyuse. Source: http://www.cmmt.csiro.au/brochures/tech/embodied/index.cfm

Life Cycle CostWhat is life cycle cost?The cost of a material over its entire life spanincluding: • First cost (manufacture & installation) • Operation • Maintenance • Cost of replacement • Disposal or salvage costs Whole Building Design Guide

BrainstormingWhat are some environmental considerationsin material selection?• Affordability • Materials Efficiency –Life cycle cost –Reuse & recycle –Dimensional –Cost of planning alternatives –Material• Embodied Energy management• Durability & • Resource Efficiency Maintenance

Brainstorming Additional environmental considerations in material selection are:• Indoor Air Quality • Energy Efficiency (IAQ) • Water Conservation – During construction – Initial occupancy • Toxicity & Pollution – Over time – In building – In ecosystem

ResearchWhere do you find green materials?• Sweets Green Collection www.construction.com/Sweets/GreenManufa cturers (by CSI division)• Sweets 3d Collection http://construction.com/Sweets/3Dmanufactu rers/Default.asp (by manufacturer) McGraw Hill Construction

Research

Materials and Resources Documentation A two-page Material Certification Data Sheet (MCDS) must be completed for every product/ material used on the project for credit.

Materials Reuse

Materials Reuse Salvoweb

Materials ReuseOption 1- 5% Salvaged, Refurbished or ReusedMaterialsOption 2- 10% Salvaged, Refurbished or ReusedMaterials Life Without Buildings

Materials ReuseIntent:Reuse building materials and products in order toreduce demand for virgin materials and to reducewaste, thereby reducing impacts associated withthe extraction and processing of virgin resources. Building Green Salvoweb

Materials ReusePotential Technologies and Strategies: • Identify opportunities to incorporate salvaged materials into building design and research potential material suppliers. • Consider salvaged materials such as: – Beams and posts – Flooring – Paneling – Doors and frames – Cabinetry and furniture Salvoweb – Brick and decorative items

Materials ReuseSources: • Purchased as salvaged • Donated as salvaged • Relocated from another facility Hednesford Reclamation - Includes facilities previously used by the occupantSynergies: • Regional Materials – salvaged materials from on-site and off-site can be included

Recycled Content

Recycled Content Hearlihy.com http://www.enviroglasproducts.com http://www.forbolinoleumna.com/

Recycled Content Option 1- 10% (post-consumer + ½ pre-consumer) Recycled Content Option 2- 20% (post-consumer + ½ pre-consumer) Recycled ContentDurat recyclable tub with 50% recycled content/Trendir

Recycled ContentPost-Consumer vs. Pre-ConsumerMaterial generated by end- (Post-industrial) material divertedusers of the product from the waste stream during the manufacturing process. Excluded are materials capable of being reclaimed within the same process that generated it.

Recycled ContentRequirements:Use recycled content materials such that thesum of post-consumer recycled content plus halfof the pre-consumer content is at least 10% (or20% for two credits), based on cost, of the totalvalue of the project materials. RD4 Chair contains 100% recycled content/branchhome.com

Recycled ContentRules:1. 25% Steel Default: For steel products where no recycled content information is available, assume the recycled content to be 25% post- consumer. - Steel is the only material with a default - Steel items have a high recycled content (90%) Alibaba.com

Recycled ContentRules:2. Industrial Scrap: This credit excludes in-house waste from the definition of post-industrial recycled content as this would be considered conventional practice— ―Post-industrial recycled content is output from a process that has not been used as part of a consumer product, that is sold, traded, or exchanged under commercial terms (including auditable transactions between profit centers within an organization) as feedstock for another industrial process, that would otherwise be landfilled, incinerated or somehow disposed of as a waste, as defined by the Federal Trade Commission.‖

Recycled ContentRules:3. Recycling Range: Many companies provide a recycling content range, for example: ―Product X is made with 10-20% post- consumer recycled materials.‖ Without further documentation, LEED only allows the lower value of the range to be used.

Recycled ContentAssemblies:• Products composed of multiple materials• Determine percents of: – Post-consumer recycled content by weight – Pre-consumer recycled content by weight• No consideration given to relative costs Greener.Space

Recycled ContentConcrete Example:• Fly ash is a pre-consumer recycled content material• For concrete line item, enter 5% in pre- consumer column

Tips from the ProsTypical High-Cost Materials • Exteriors: The Financial Blogger – Structural steel – Concrete • Interiors: – Gypsum wall board – Acoustic ceiling tile – Carpet – Raised floor

Recycled ContentDocumentation for Initial LEED Submission:• LEED Online Letter Template• Tabulation of each material with recycled content used, including: – Description of the material – Vendor – Pre-consumer and/or post-consumer recycled content – Material cost

Recycled ContentDocumentation for LEED Review Comments:• Narrative describing any special circumstances• Supporting documentation – Cut sheets – Product literature (brochures) – Official statement from product manufacturer

Regional Materials

Regional Materials McGill Law School Flickr.com Production Cargo

Regional MaterialsOption 1- 10% Extracted, Processed &Manufactured RegionallyOption 2- 20% Extracted, Processed &Manufactured Regionally Social Rupture

Regional Materials Intent: Increase demand for building materials and products that are extracted and manufactured within the region, thereby supporting the use of indigenous RootsWeb resources and reducing the environmental impacts resulting from transportation.

Regional Materials Requirements: Use building materials or products that have been extracted, harvested or recovered, as well as manufactured, within 500 miles of the project site for a minimum of 10% (or 20% for two credits ), based on cost, of the total value of the projectPacific Southwest Concrete Alliance materials.

Regional MaterialsRules:1. Assemblies: For assemblies, if all the material sources are within 500 miles, use one line item in the table and state the greatest distance of the group. Otherwise, calculate the percentages of regionally and Rock Products, Inc. non-regionally extracted materials by weight.

Regional MaterialsRules:2. Recycled Materials: Recycled material obtained from a recycling facility within 500 miles is considered ―Regionally Extracted/Recovered‖.3. Salvaged Materials: If the material is salvaged within 500 miles (including on-site), it is considered ―Regionally Extracted/Recovered‖.

Tips from the ProsTypical High-Cost Materials: • Exteriors: – Structural Steel – Concrete – Masonry – Gravel & Fill California Bricks • Interiors: – Gypsum Wall Board – Raised Floor – Furniture Maispace

Regional Materials Make sure thisis set to ―Miles‖http://www.acscdg.com/

Regional MaterialsDocumentation for Initial LEED Submission:• LEED Online Letter Template• Tabulation of each regional material used, including: – Description of the material – Vendor – Material cost – Distance from product extraction and manufacture to site

Regional MaterialsQuestion:a) What is the current percentage of regionally extracted materials?b) If the target for this project is to spend $250,000 for local/regional materials, what dollar amount of materials still needs to be purchased regionally?

Regional MaterialsAnswer:a) 85% (3,225/3,789)b) $50,000 x .85 = $42,500 Target is $250,000. $42,500 x 6 batches = $255,000 – concrete alone could achieve this credit!Raw Materials Harvested Miles Weight MRc5 (weight)Sand Wilton, NH 45 1,200 1,200Stone Wilmington, MA 11 1,000 1,000Fly Ash Somerset, MA 67 750 750Water Wilmington, MA 11 275 275Cement Cleveland, OH 513 564 0 TOTAL 3,789 3,225

Rapidly Renewable Materials

Rapidly Renewable Materials Bamboo Revolution

Rapidly Renewable MaterialsWhat are some rapidly renewable building materials(made from plants harvested within a ten-year cycle orless)? Designbuild-network.com Inhabitat.com Cityfloors Global b2b Network

Rapidly Renewable Materials Intent: Reduce the use and depletion of finite raw materials and long-cycle renewable materials by replacing them with rapidly renewable materials.Germes Online

Rapidly Renewable MaterialsPotential Technologies and Strategies:Establish a project goal and identifyproducts/suppliers that can support this goal. Duringconstruction, ensure that the specified renewablematerials are installed. Consider materials such as:• Bamboo • Linoleum • Sunflower seed• Wool • Wheatboard • Kenaf• Cotton • Strawboard• Agrifiber • Cork NaiTazi.com

Tips from the Pros Denim insulation performs well for both acoustical and thermal applications. It’s available with or without foil facing. It also typically contains at least 90% post-industrial recycled content. Inhabitat.com

Certified Wood

Certified Wood Snowowl.com

Certified WoodIntent:Encourage environmentally responsible forestmanagement. Union College Department of Anthropology

Certified Wood Requirements: Use a minimum of 50% (by cost) of all wood- based materials and products which are Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) certified. Oikos Green Building Source

Certified WoodCommon wood materials:• Structural framing• General dimensional framing• Flooring• Sub-flooring• Wood doors• Finishes Wisconsin Green Building Alliance

Certified WoodRules:1. Wood cost only: Unlike the other material credits which are based on the total material cost for the project, this credit only considers the total cost of all wood items so as not to penalize projects with small amounts of wood. http://silentparagon.blogspot.com/

Certified Wood

Indoor Environmental Quality

LEED Credits - IEQ 15 pointsEQ Pr 1 Minimum IAQ Performance ReqEQ Pr 2 Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) Control ReqEQ C 1 Outdoor Air Delivery Monitoring 1EQ C 2 Increased Ventilation 1EQ C 3.1 Construction IAQ Management Plan, During Construction 1EQ C 3.2 Construction IAQ Management Plan, Before Occupancy 1EQ C 4.1 Low-Emitting Materials, Adhesives & Sealants 1EQ C 4.2 Low-Emitting Materials, Paints & Coatings 1EQ C 4.3 Low-Emitting Materials, Carpet Systems 1EQ C 4.4 Low-Emitting Materials, Composite Wood & Agrifiber 1EQ C 5 Indoor Chemical & Pollutant Source Control 1

Construction IAQ Management Plan During Construction

Construction IAQ Management PlanDuring ConstructionIntent:Reduce indoor air quality problems resultingfrom the construction/renovation process inorder to help sustain the comfort and well-beingof construction workers and building occupants. OMWorkspace

Construction IAQ Management Plan During ConstructionRequirements:Develop and implement an IndoorAir Quality (IAQ) Management Planfor the construction and pre-occupancy phases of the buildingas follows: PEATC1. During construction, meet SMACNA IAQ Guidelines for Occupied Buildings under Construction, 2007, Chapter 3.

Construction IAQ Management Plan During ConstructionRequirements:2. Protect stored on-site or installed absorptive materials from moisture damage. Pursuing Wabi engadget

Construction IAQ Management PlanDuring Construction Requirements: 3. If permanently installed air handlers are used during construction, filtration media with a MERV of 8 shall be used at each return air grille, as determined by ASHRAE 52.2-1999. furnacefilters.com Replace all filtration media immediately prior to occupancy.

Construction IAQ Management Plan During ConstructionSMACNA Chapter 3:3.2 HVAC Protection3.3 Source Control3.4 Pathway Interruption3.5 Housekeeping3.6 Scheduling

Construction IAQ Management Plan During ConstructionSMACNA Chapter 3:3.2 HVAC Protection• Seal ductwork and air handling equipment• MERV 8 filters on return air ducts and diffusers (if system used during Office of the Federal Environmental Executive construction)• System and duct cleaning

Construction IAQ Management PlanDuring Construction Tips: • Deliver duct work to site sealed on both ends • When duct section is installed, it is sealed • Replace filters monthly (or as needed) so as not to burn out Air-Tech Refrigeration equipment

Construction IAQ Management Plan During ConstructionSMACNA Chapter 3:3.3 Source Control• Use low-emitting products when possible: – Carpet – Adhesives – Paints – Caulks – Cleaning solutions ThomasNet Industrial Newsroom – Wall coverings – Furniture• Keep containers covered or sealed

Construction IAQ Management Plan During ConstructionSMACNA Chapter 3:3.3 Source Control• Install walk off mats at building entry Mother Earth News points• Prohibit idling of motors near air intakes/openings• Cycle equipment off when not needed• Switch to non-gasoline/diesel-operated machinery – Electric chain saws – Bottled gas for generators or forklifts Barry Roaden Inflatables

Construction IAQ Management Plan During ConstructionSMACNA Chapter 3:3.3 Source Control• Exhaust areas of construction when needed and provide increased ventilation Image Bank

Construction IAQ Management PlanDuring Construction SMACNA Chapter 3: 3.4 Pathway Interruption • Depressurize the work area • Pressurize occupied space • Erect barriers to contain construction area • Relocate pollutant sources • Temporarily seal the buildingHealthcare Renovations

Construction IAQ Management Plan During ConstructionSMACNA Chapter 3:3.5 Housekeeping• Dust suppression – Wetting agents – Sweeping compounds• Daily cleaning• Keep all surfaces clean• Vacuuming with HEPA filtered vacuum cleaners Go HEPA

Construction IAQ Management Plan During ConstructionSMACNA Chapter 3:3.5 Housekeeping• Remove spills or excess applications• Remove accumulated water – keep work area dry• Protect porous Lined ductwork stored in wet area which promotes microbial growth materials from moisture

Construction IAQ Management Plan During ConstructionSMACNA Chapter 3:3.6 Scheduling • Reduce absorption of VOCs in porous materials Matignon Library Construction

Construction IAQ Management PlanDuring ConstructionDocumentation for Initial LEED Submission:• LEED Letter Template• IAQ Plan• 18 photos (3 of each of the 6 measures taken during at least three different stages of construction)• Narrative• MERV filter information (if applicable) - Cut sheets - Locations - Confirm each replaced prior to occupancy

Construction IAQ Management Plan Before Occupancy

Construction IAQ Management PlanBefore OccupancyIntent:Reduce indoor air qualityproblems resulting from theconstruction/renovationprocess in order to helpsustain the comfort andwell-being of constructionworkers and buildingoccupants. Today’s Facility Manager

Construction IAQ Management Plan Before OccupancyRequirements:OPTION 1 — FLUSH-OUTAfter construction ends, prior to occupancy andwith all interior finishes installed, perform a buildingflush-out by supplying a total air volume of 14,000cu.ft. of outdoor air per sq.ft. of floor area.

Construction IAQ Management Plan Before OccupancyRequirements:OPTION 1 — FLUSH-OUT ALTERNATIVEThe space may be occupied following delivery of amin of 3,500 cu.ft. of outdoor air per sq.ft. of floorarea. Then, ventilate at a minimum rate of 0.30cfm/sq.ft of outside air until a total of 14,000cu.ft./sq.ft. of outside air has been delivered.

Construction IAQ Management PlanBefore Occupancy Requirements: OPTION 2 — AIR QUALITY TESTING 1. Conduct IAQ testing after construction ends and prior to occupancy. Use protocol: US EPA Compendium of Methods for the Determination of Air The IEQ Review Pollutants in Indoor Air.

Construction IAQ Management Plan Before OccupancyRequirements:OPTION 2 — AIR QUALITY TESTING2. Demonstrate that the contaminant concentrations do not exceed those listed below.

Construction IAQ Management Plan Before OccupancyRequirements:OPTION 2 — AIR QUALITY TESTINGTesting shall be conducted as follows:1. Prior to occupancy, but during normal occupied hours, and with the building ventilation system starting at the normal daily start time and operated at the minimum outside air flow rate for the occupied mode throughout.2. With all interior finishes installed. SMG/interlink

Construction IAQ Management Plan Before OccupancyRequirements:OPTION 2 — AIR QUALITY TESTING3) For each separate ventilation system, the number of sampling points shall not be less than one per 25,000 sq.ft. and shall include areas with the least ventilation and greatest presumed source strength.4) Air samples shall be collected between 3 feet and 6 feet from the floor and over a minimum 4- hour period.

Construction IAQ Management Plan Before OccupancyRequirements:OPTION 2 — AIR QUALITY TESTINGIf maximum concentration limits are exceeded,conduct additional flush-out. Repeat procedureuntil all requirements have been met, takingsamples from the same locations as in the first test. The IEQ Review

Construction IAQ Management PlanBefore OccupancySummary of Compliance Paths: OPTION 1 — FLUSH-OUT OR preoccupancy pre- & post-occupancy

Construction IAQ Management Plan Before OccupancySummary of Compliance Paths: OPTION 2 — AIR QUALITY TESTING Testing only OR if testing fails, & Flush-out and re-test until requirements are met

Construction IAQ Management Plan Before OccupancyTips:• Flush-out Determine if HVAC system can handle requirements and how long the different stages of flush-out will be.• Air Testing Determine how many test locations are needed. Is this under scope of GC or Owner’s Rep?• Timing is everything – know what to expect.

Low-Emitting Materials 293

Indoor Environmental Quality Documentation A two-page Material Certification Data Sheet (MCDS) must be completed for every product/material used on the project for credit.

Indoor Environmental Quality Documentation

Low-Emitting MaterialsIntent:Reduce the quantity of indoor air contaminants thatare odorous, irritating and/or harmful to the comfortand well-being of installers and occupants. New England Sterile Air

Low-Emitting Materials, Adhesives & SealantsRequirements:All adhesives and sealants used on the interior ofthe building (i.e. inside the weatherproofing systemand applied on-site) shall comply with the followingreference standards:• Adhesives, Sealants and Sealant Primers: South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) Rule #1168.• Aerosol Adhesives: Green Seal Standard for Commercial Adhesives GS-36

Low-Emitting Materials, Adhesives & SealantsAdhesives and sealants cover a broad range ofproducts used by numerous subs on the project.They include, but are not limited to: – Caulk – Carpet adhesive – Silicone sealer – Subfloor adhesives – Fire-stopping sealants – Cove base adhesives – Urethane foam – Plumbing adhesives and – Acrylic sealer sealants – Flashing tape – Ceramic tile adhesives – Flooring adhesives – General construction – Sheathing adhesive adhesives – Duct sealants

Low-Emitting Materials, Adhesives & SealantsSouth Coast Air Quality Management District(SCAQMD) Rule #1168 (LEED-NC v2.2, page 333)

Low-Emitting Materials, Adhesives & SealantsGreen Seal Standard for Commercial Adhesives GS-36 (LEED-NC v2.2, page 334) 1 US Gallon = 3.785 Liters

Low-Emitting Materials, Adhesives & SealantsDocumentation for Initial LEED Submission:• LEED Letter Template• Information on each adhesive and sealant used, including: – Product manufacturer – Product VOC content – SCAQMD allowable VOC content – Source of VOC data

Low-Emitting Materials, Adhesives & SealantsDocumentation for LEED Review Comments:• Narrative describing any special circumstances• Supporting documentation – Cut sheets – Product literature (brochures) – Official statement from product manufacturer

Low-Emitting Materials, Paints & Coatings Alibaba.comRequirements:Paints and coatings used on the interior of thebuilding shall comply with the following standards:• Paints, coatings, & primers on interior walls and ceilings: Green Seal Standard GS-11, Paints, 1st Edition, May 20, 1993• Anti-corrosive and anti-rust paints on interior ferrous metals: Green Seal Standard GC-03, Anti-Corrosive Paints, 2nd Edition, Jan 7, 1997. (250 g/L )• Clear wood finishes, floor coatings, stains, sealers and shellacs: SCAQMD Rule 1113, Architectural Coatings, Jan 1, 2004

Low-Emitting Materials, Paints & CoatingsArchitectural paints (GS-11): • Flats: 50 g/L • Non-Flats: 150 g/LAnti-corrosive/anti-rust paints(GC-03): • 250 g/L The Daily Green

Low-Emitting Materials, Paints & CoatingsArchitectural Coatings (SCAQMD Rule 1113):• Clear wood finishes: – Varnish 350 g/L – Lacquer 550 g/L• Floor coatings: 100 g/L Greenmaker• Sealers: – Waterproofing sealers 250 g/L – Sanding sealers 275 g/L – All other sealers 200 g/L• Stains: 250 g/L Greenerbuilding

Low-Emitting Materials, Carpet SystemsRequirements:• All interior carpet shall meet the Carpet and Rug Institute’s Green Label Plus requirements• All interior carpet cushion shall meet the Carpet and Rug Institute Green Label requirements• All carpet adhesive shall meet the requirements of IEQ Credit 4.1: VOC limit of 50 g/L• Website: http://www.carpet-rug.com/index.cfm

Low-Emitting Materials, Composite Wood & Agrifiber ProductsRequirements:Composite wood and agrifiberproducts used on the interior ofthe building shall contain noadded urea-formaldehyde resins. Sphere TrendingThis includes laminating adhesives used tofabricate on-site and shop-applied composite woodand agrifiber assemblies.

Low-Emitting Materials,Composite Wood & Agrifiber Products Composite wood • Plywood • Particleboard • OSB • MDF Agrifiber Products • Strawboard Plywood News • Wheatboard

Low-Emitting Materials, Composite Wood & Agrifiber ProductsApplications:Any materials located within the exterior moistureprotection (inside weatherproofing layer) must meetthe no urea-formaldehyde requirements. • Flooring • Walls • Ceilings • Interior furnishings • Assemblies – Door cores – Panel substrates Temple-Inland – Plywood sections of I-beams

Low-Emitting Materials, Composite Wood & Agrifiber ProductsTrades Impacted:• Drywall/rough carpentry – Plywood blocking and sheathing• Millwork – Substrate material and laminate adhesive• Door provider - Substrate material and laminate adhesive• Furniture provider (LEED-CI)- Substrate material and laminate adhesive (system furniture excluded)

Low-Emitting Materials, Composite Wood & Agrifiber ProductsThe following do not need to meet the creditrequirements: • Fit-out • Furniture • Equipment (FF&E) • Siding • Roofing Sources+Design Magazine • Materials outside of the weatherproofing layer

Low-Emitting Materials, Composite Wood & Agrifiber ProductsPotential Technologies & Strategies: • Specify wood and agrifiber products that contain no added urea-formaldehyde resins. • Specify laminating adhesives for field and shop applied Germes Online assemblies that contain no added urea-formaldehyde resins.

LEED Credits – Sustainable Sites 14 pointsSS Pr 1 Construction Activity Pollution Prevention ReqSS C 1 Site Selection 1SS C 2 Development Density & Community Connectivity 1SS C 3 Brownfield Redevelopment 1SS C 4.1 Alternative Transportation, Public Transportation Access 1SS C 4.2 Alternative Transportation, Bicycle Storage & Changing Rooms 1SS C 4.3 Alternative Transportation, Low-Emitting & Fuel Efficient Vehicles 1SS C 4.4 Alternative Transportation, Parking Capacity 1SS C 5.1 Site Development, Protect or Restore Habitat 1SS C 5.2 Site Development, Maximize Open Space 1SS C 6.1 Stormwater Design, Quantity Control 1SS C 6.2 Stormwater Design, Quality Control 1SS C 7.1 Heat Island Effect, Non-Roof 1SS C 7.2 Heat Island Effect, Roof 1SS C 8 Light Pollution Reduction 1

Construction Activity Pollution Prevention

Construction Activity Pollution Prevention Exposed soils on a construction site/Ramsey County, MN Conservation District

Construction Activity Pollution PreventionIntent:Reduce pollutionfrom constructionactivities bycontrolling soil Flickr.comerosion, waterwaysedimentation andairborne dustgeneration. Black Warrior Riverkeeper

Construction Activity Pollution PreventionRequirements:Create and implement an Erosion Control andSedimentation (ESC) Plan for all constructionactivities associated with the project.While the civil engineer on theproject develops the ESCPlan, the contractor is centralto initiating and maintaining theerosion and sedimentationcontrols necessary to complywith LEED. CCM Specialties, Inc.

Construction Activity Pollution PreventionPotential Technologiesand Strategies: • Produce a narrative describing the erosion and sedimentation Department of Earth Sciences, control measures University of South Alabama implemented on the site • Take photographs to document the implemented erosion and sedimentation control measures Alaska Department of Fish and Game

Protect or Restore Habitat

Protect or Restore Habitat The Willow School, Gladstone, NJ

Protect or Restore HabitatIntent:Conserve and restorenatural areas toprovide habitat andpromote biodiversity. The Lewis Center at Oberlin College Sunset Drive Office Building Juniata College’s Shuster Hall

Protect or Restore HabitatRequirements:Greenfield Sites – Limit site disturbance including earthwork and clearing of vegetation to: • 40 feet beyond the building • 10 feet beyond surface walkways, patios, & parking • 15 feet beyond roadway curbs & main utility trenches • 25 feet beyond permeable surfaces (such as stormwater detention facilities)

Protect or Restore HabitatRequirements:Previously Developed Sites – Restore 50% of the site area (excluding the building footprint) by replacing impervious surfaces with native or adapted vegetation. Centerpoint Executive Park http://earthkeepers.blip.tv/rss

Protect or Restore HabitatGreenfield site submittal example: plan by ADD Inc

LEED Credits – Energy & Atmosphere 17 pointsEA Pr 1 Fundamental Commissioning of the Building Energy Systems ReqEA Pr 2 Minimum Energy Performance ReqEA Pr 3 Fundamental Refrigerant Management ReqEA C 1 Optimize Energy Performance 1-10EA C 2 On-Site Renewable Energy 1-3EA C 3 Enhanced Commissioning 1EA C 4 Enhanced Refrigerant Management 1EA C 5 Measurement & Verification 1EA C 6 Green Power 1

Fundamental Commissioning of the Building Energy System

Fundamental Commissioning of the Building Energy Systemwww.buildingcommissioning.wordpress.com

Fundamental Commissioning of the Building Energy SystemIntent:Verify that thebuilding’s energyrelated systems areinstalled, calibrated andperform according tothe Owner’s ProjectRequirements, theBasis of Design andconstructiondocuments.

Fundamental Commissioning of the Building Energy System Requirements: Who is eligible to do the work? The CxA may be from a project team firm as long as that individual is not responsible for project design, constructionHorizon Engineering Associates LLP management or supervision. Contractors can act as the CxA if they have the required experience.

Fundamental Commissioning of the Building Energy SystemsWho is eligible to do the work?Qualified individuals with a high level of experiencein the following areas: • Energy systems design, installation and operation • Cx planning and process management • Hands-on field experience with energy systems performance, interaction, start-up, balancing, testing, troubleshooting, operation, and maintenance procedures • Energy systems automation control knowledge

Fundamental Commissioning of the Building Energy SystemsPotential Technologies andStrategies:Commissioning must cover all energy-related systems, including: • Heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration (HVAC&R) systems and associated controls • Lighting controls, including daylighting • Domestic hot water systems • Renewable energy systems Canyon Construction Co.

Enhanced Commissioning

Enhanced Commissioning Salzburg AG

Enhanced CommissioningIntent:Begin the commissioning process early duringthe design process (prior to CDs) and executeadditional activities after systems performanceverification is completed.

Enhanced CommissioningUnder the commissioning prerequisite, thecommissioning agent can work for the samecompany as the design or construction team.Under the Enhanced Commissioning credit, theCxA cannot work for these companies.Contractors must still, however, interface with theCxA and participate in the various phases ofcomprehensive building commissioning activities. Social Security Sarasota

LEED Credits – Materials & Resources 13 pointsMR Pr 1 Storage and Collection of Recyclables ReqMR C 1.1 Bldg Reuse, Maintain 75% of Existing Walls, Floors & Roof 1MR C 1.2 Bldg Reuse, Maintain 95% of Existing Walls, Floors & Roof 1MR C 1.3 Bldg Reuse, Maintain 50% of Interior Non-Structural Elements 1MR C 2.1 Construction Waste Management, Divert 50% from Disposal 1MR C 2.2 Construction Waste Management, Divert 75% from Disposal 1MR C 3.1 Materials Reuse, 5% 1MR C 3.2 Materials Reuse, 10% 1MR C 4.1 Recycled Content, 10% (post-consumer + ½ post-industrial) 1MR C 4.2 Recycled Content, 20% (post-consumer + ½ post-industrial) 1MR C 5.1 Regional Materials, 10% Extracted, Processed, & Manufactured 1 RegionallyMR C 5.2 Regional Materials, 20% Extracted, Processed, & Manufactured 1 RegionallyMR C 6 Rapidly Renewable Materials 1MR C 7 Certified Wood 1

Building Reuse

Building ReuseBurgess, O’Gorman & WilkinsonBuildings/Providence Preservation Society

Environmental Tobacco Smoke Control The New York Times

Environmental Tobacco Smoke ControlIntent:Minimize exposure ofbuilding occupants,indoor surfaces, andventilation airdistribution systems toenvironmental tobaccosmoke (ETS). http://prnpenguin.wordpress.com/

Environmental Tobacco Smoke Control During Construction • During the early stage of construction, contractors are encouraged not to smoke on the project site • Include project regulations on tobacco use in all contracts • Once the building is enclosed, no smokinghttp://flickr.com/photos/km1980/2635661033/ allowed

Green Building 101 For Contractors

by Sustainable Performance Institute on Dec 16, 2010

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Green Building 101 For Contractors Presentation Transcript