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Conservation Through Compound Eyes: Needs, Priorities and Opportunities  with Butterflies Jaret C. Daniels, Ph.D.
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Why are Butterflies Important? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Why are Butterflies Important?
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Global Diversity
 
North American Diversity ,[object Object],[object Object]
67% 11% 22% USA - Endangered Species Act: Threatened  bay checkerspot ( Euphydryas editha bayensis ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Endangered quino checkerspot ( Euphydryas editha quino ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Candidate Taylor’s checkerspot ( Euphydryas editha taylori ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Endangered Behren’s silverspot ( Speyeria zerene behrensii ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Endangered Myrtle’s silverspot ( Speyeria zerene myrtleae ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Threatened Oregon silverspot ( Speyeria zerene hippolyta ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Endangered Uncompahgre fritillary ( Boloria acrocnema ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Endangered Lange’s metalmark ( Apodemia mormo langei ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Endangered San Bruno elfin ( Callophrys mossii bayensis ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Candidate Florida leafwing ( Anaea troglodyta floridalis ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Endangered Mitchell’s satyr ( Neonympha mitchellii mitchellii ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Endangered St. Francis’ satyr ( Neonympha mitchellii francisci ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Endangered Schaus swallowtail ( Heraclides aristodemus ponceanus ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Endangered Carson wandering skipper ( Pseudocopaeodes eunus obscurus ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Candidate Dakota skipper ( Hesperia dacotae ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Endangered Laguna Mountains skipper ( Pyrgus ruralis lagunae ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Candidate mardon skipper ( Polites mardon ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Threatened Pawnee montane skipper ( Hesperia leonardus montana ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Candidate Bartram’s scrub-hairstreak ( Strymon acis bartrami ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Endangered Smith’s blue ( Euphilotes enoptes smithi ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Endangered Palos Verdes blue ( Glaucopsyche lygdamus palosverdesensis ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Endangered mission blue ( Icaricia icarioides missionensis ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Candidate  Miami blue ( Cyclargus thomasi bethunebakeri ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Endangered lotis blue ( Lycaeides idas lotis ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Endangered Karner blue ( Lycaeides melissa samueli ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Endangered Fender’s blue ( Icaricia icarioides fenderi ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Endangered  El Segundo blue ( Euphilotes battoides allyni ) Listing Status Taxon (27 total)
Rapid Decline of Imperiled Butterfly Populations: A South Florida Example Over the last few decades, more than 20 taxa have experienced significant declines
Rapid Decline of Imperiled Butterfly Populations: A South Florida Example http://www.butterfliesofamerica.com/ Cyclargus ammon Papilio andraemon bonhotei Epargyreus zestos   zestos Hesperia meskei pinocayo   Likely Extirpated Likely Extirpated Likely Extirpated No Recent Records
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Causes of Decline and Imperilment
California 0.856% of insects listed as SGCN From: http://www.wildlifeactionplans.org/pdfs/action_plan_summaries/california.pdf
Michigan 0.92% of insects listed as SGCN From: http://www.wildlifeactionplans.org/pdfs/action_plan_summaries/michigan.pdf
Recovery Research Education ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Organism Conservation
Improve Species-Specific Knowledge Prioritize and address critical information needs
What are the species in greatest conservation need and where are they found?  Surveys and Monitoring
Stimulate direct public, institution member and staff participation in conservation and research activities
PCR amplification of microsatellite loci DNA extraction Genotyping of all samples Population analyses Removal of a small wing fragment Genetic sampling…
Captive Breeding of Imperiled Butterflies Ex situ  conservation is increasingly becoming a standard strategy for  imperiled butterfly (and insect) recovery programs Adapted from Schultz et al., 2008 44% 30%
 
 
 
Habitat Restoration and Management ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Promote Information Exchange within and  Between Programs
Increase Public Awareness and Engagement
Regularly Evaluate Conservation Strategies Captive Breeding & Reintroduction Threat Mitigation   Habitat Restoration & Management Scientific Research ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Develop New Conservation Partnerships
 

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Pollinators in the Garden: Forging Partnerships for Native Insect Conservation Daniels

  • 1. Conservation Through Compound Eyes: Needs, Priorities and Opportunities with Butterflies Jaret C. Daniels, Ph.D.
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.  
  • 7.
  • 8. 67% 11% 22% USA - Endangered Species Act: Threatened bay checkerspot ( Euphydryas editha bayensis ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Endangered quino checkerspot ( Euphydryas editha quino ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Candidate Taylor’s checkerspot ( Euphydryas editha taylori ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Endangered Behren’s silverspot ( Speyeria zerene behrensii ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Endangered Myrtle’s silverspot ( Speyeria zerene myrtleae ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Threatened Oregon silverspot ( Speyeria zerene hippolyta ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Endangered Uncompahgre fritillary ( Boloria acrocnema ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Endangered Lange’s metalmark ( Apodemia mormo langei ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Endangered San Bruno elfin ( Callophrys mossii bayensis ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Candidate Florida leafwing ( Anaea troglodyta floridalis ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Endangered Mitchell’s satyr ( Neonympha mitchellii mitchellii ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Endangered St. Francis’ satyr ( Neonympha mitchellii francisci ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Endangered Schaus swallowtail ( Heraclides aristodemus ponceanus ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Endangered Carson wandering skipper ( Pseudocopaeodes eunus obscurus ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Candidate Dakota skipper ( Hesperia dacotae ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Endangered Laguna Mountains skipper ( Pyrgus ruralis lagunae ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Candidate mardon skipper ( Polites mardon ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Threatened Pawnee montane skipper ( Hesperia leonardus montana ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Candidate Bartram’s scrub-hairstreak ( Strymon acis bartrami ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Endangered Smith’s blue ( Euphilotes enoptes smithi ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Endangered Palos Verdes blue ( Glaucopsyche lygdamus palosverdesensis ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Endangered mission blue ( Icaricia icarioides missionensis ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Candidate Miami blue ( Cyclargus thomasi bethunebakeri ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Endangered lotis blue ( Lycaeides idas lotis ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Endangered Karner blue ( Lycaeides melissa samueli ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Endangered Fender’s blue ( Icaricia icarioides fenderi ) USA - Endangered Species Act: Endangered El Segundo blue ( Euphilotes battoides allyni ) Listing Status Taxon (27 total)
  • 9. Rapid Decline of Imperiled Butterfly Populations: A South Florida Example Over the last few decades, more than 20 taxa have experienced significant declines
  • 10. Rapid Decline of Imperiled Butterfly Populations: A South Florida Example http://www.butterfliesofamerica.com/ Cyclargus ammon Papilio andraemon bonhotei Epargyreus zestos zestos Hesperia meskei pinocayo Likely Extirpated Likely Extirpated Likely Extirpated No Recent Records
  • 11.
  • 12. California 0.856% of insects listed as SGCN From: http://www.wildlifeactionplans.org/pdfs/action_plan_summaries/california.pdf
  • 13. Michigan 0.92% of insects listed as SGCN From: http://www.wildlifeactionplans.org/pdfs/action_plan_summaries/michigan.pdf
  • 14.
  • 15. Improve Species-Specific Knowledge Prioritize and address critical information needs
  • 16. What are the species in greatest conservation need and where are they found? Surveys and Monitoring
  • 17. Stimulate direct public, institution member and staff participation in conservation and research activities
  • 18. PCR amplification of microsatellite loci DNA extraction Genotyping of all samples Population analyses Removal of a small wing fragment Genetic sampling…
  • 19. Captive Breeding of Imperiled Butterflies Ex situ conservation is increasingly becoming a standard strategy for imperiled butterfly (and insect) recovery programs Adapted from Schultz et al., 2008 44% 30%
  • 20.  
  • 21.  
  • 22.  
  • 23.
  • 24. Promote Information Exchange within and Between Programs
  • 25. Increase Public Awareness and Engagement
  • 26.
  • 27. Develop New Conservation Partnerships
  • 28.