Tattoos have been used for thousands of years, as evidenced by Ötzi the Iceman who lived in 3300 BCE and had 57 carbon tattoos. Tattooing has a long history in Japan dating back to clay figures from 297 AD. In the early 1800s, tattooed people were exhibited in circuses. One man, Prince Constantine, had himself completely tattooed over the course of 3 months to join the circus. Modern tattoos are done using an electrically powered machine that punctures the skin 50-3000 times per minute to deposit ink under the skin. The tattooing process involves shaving, applying a stencil or drawing, and cleaning the area after tattooing.

1. Tattoos By Cassandra Cline

2. Background History Derived from the Tahitian word ‘tatau’ which means ‘to mark something’ Ötzi the Iceman- found in 1991 from about 3300 BCHe had approximately 57 carbon tattoos consisting of simple dots and lines on his lower spine, behind his left knee, and on his right ankle Ötzithe Iceman

4. Believed that these markings have religious or magical significance

5. First documented tattoo is from 297 AD

6. Japanese tattoo artists were known as the “Horis”Japanese wrestler with full body tattoos

7. The Circus Began in 1804 They were exhibited in slideshows or performed in acts such as juggling and sword swallowing John Rutherford – first tattooed English Showman Prince Constantine – a Greek who had himself tattooed with the intentions of going into the show businessHe was tattooed ever morning for 3 hours for 3 months until it was completed Prince Constantine

9. Sounds like a dental drill

10. The machine moves a solid needle up and down to puncture the skin between 50 and 3,000 times per minute.The needle penetrates the skin by about a millimeter and deposits a drop of insoluble ink into the skin with each puncture.

11. Step-By-Step Procedure 1) Artist shaves the area that is being tattooed 2) The area is wet with rubbing alcohol 3) Artist applies the stencil (or draws it on with a pen) 4) Artists rubs Vaseline on the area and starts the tattooing 5) When finished, the area is cleaned with alcohol and a sterile bandage is applied

12. An example of a tattoo studio

13. UV Tattoos Artists use special ink Only appear under black lights

14. Most Tattooed Person:Lucky Diamond Rich Born in New Zealand Spent over 1000 hours having his body modified 100% of his body is covered

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18. Tattoo Statistics 15% of Americans (40 million people) have at least one tattoo (Harris Poll, 2003) In 1936, 6% of Americans (10 million people) had a tattoo (Life magazine) In the Harris Poll of 2003, 87% (yellow) had no regrets about their choice. 17% (orange) did regret having chosen to get a tattoo.

19. Examples of Tattooed Celebrities Rihanna Angelina Jolie Ryan Sheckler Travis Barker