Making Mobile Services Work for Your Library by Cody Hanson

MAKING MOBILE SERVICES WORK FOR YOUR LIBRARYCody HansonUniversity of MN LibrariesALA TechsourceMarch 9, 2011

Web Architect and UserExperience Analyst at the University of Minnesota Libraries @codyh codyhanson.com

AGENDA• Why mobile, why now? (I hope you like charts)• What do we mean by mobile?• The mobile marketplace• Simple strategies• How mobile will change libraries

WHY MOBILE?WHY NOW?

“Mobile devices are one year awayfrom transforming education.For the third straight year.”

ALMOST EVERY U.S. ADULT HAS A MOBILE PHONE

ALMOST EVERY U.S. ADULT(WHO IS GOING TO HAVE A MOBILE PHONE) HAS A MOBILE PHONE

U.S. adults who have a cell phone 18% 82%Data source: Pew Internet & American Life Project, “Cell Phones and American Adults”.

100% 90% 86% 75%Percent who have a cell phone 76% 72% 50% 25% 0% Less than High School HS Diploma Some College College+ U.S. adults by education level Data source: Pew Internet & American Life Project, “Cell Phones and American Adults”.

100% 90% 93% 75% 82%Percent who have a cell phone 71% 50% 25% 0% Less than $30,000 $30K-50K $50K-75K $75K and up U.S. adults by household income Data source: Pew Internet & American Life Project, “Cell Phones and American Adults”.

100% 87% 87% 75% 80%Percent who have a cell phone 50% 25% 0% White, non-Hispanic Black, non-Hispanic Hispanic (English-speaking) U.S. adults by race/ethnicity Data source: Pew Internet & American Life Project, “Cell Phones and American Adults”.

100% 90% 88% 75% 82%Percent who have a cell phone 50% 57% 25% 0% 18-29 30-49 50-64 65+ U.S. adults by ageData source: Pew Internet & American Life Project, “Cell Phones and American Adults”.

MANY AMERICANS ALREADY HAVE SMARTPHONES

Percentage of U.S. Consumers Who Own a Smartphone50% 42%38% 39% 37% 34% 32% 32%25% 27% 23% 22% 21% 20% 17% 16%13% 15% 0% 10/06 1/07 4/07 7/07 10/07 1/08 3/08 6/08 9/08 12/08 3/09 6/09 9/09 12/09 Source: FCC

Source:asymco.com

Source: FCC

13% Smartphonesrepresented 13% ofhandsets globally in 2010 87% Data source: Cisco Global Mobile Data Trafﬁc Forecast Update. Feb. 1, 2011

SMARTPHONE SALESHAVE ALREADY SURPASSED PC SALES

Q4 2010 Smartphone manufacturers shipped 100.9 million units. PC manufacturers shipped 92.1 million units.Source: IDC Worldwide Quarterly Mobile Phone Tracker, January 27, 2011.

USAGE OF MOBILE DATASERVICES IS EXPLODING

2009 Mobile Data TrafﬁcData source: Cisco Global Mobile Data Trafﬁc Forecast Update. Feb. 1, 2011

2010 Mobile Data Traffic 2009 Mobile Data TrafficData source: Cisco Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast Update. Feb. 1, 2011

2010 Mobile Data Traffic 2009 Mobile Data Traffic 2000 The InternetData source: Cisco Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast Update. Feb. 1, 2011

13% Smartphonesrepresented 13% ofhandsets globally in 2010 87% Data source: Cisco Global Mobile Data Trafﬁc Forecast Update. Feb. 1, 2011

22% Smartphonesaccounted for 78% of mobile data trafﬁc in 2010 78% Data source: Cisco Global Mobile Data Trafﬁc Forecast Update. Feb. 1, 2011

2009 2010 80 Data usage per month, in MB 60 40 20 0 Feature phones SmartphonesMore than 2x increase in data use across phone typesData source: Cisco Global Mobile Data Trafﬁc Forecast Update. Feb. 1, 2011

USERS IN KEYDEMOGRAPHICS ALREADY RELY HEAVILY ON THE MOBILE INTERNET

April 2009 May 2010 100% 84%Percent who use wireless internet 75% 73% 69% 61% 50% 49% 44% 25% 17% 20% 0% 18-29 30-49 50-64 65+ U.S. adults by age group Data source: Pew Internet & American Life Project, “Mobile Access 2010”.

April 2009 May 2010 100%Percent who use wireless internet 75% 80% 72% 67% 63% 50% 53% 55% 46% 35% 25% 0% Less than $30,000 $30K-50K $50K-75K $75K and up U.S. adults by household income Data source: Pew Internet & American Life Project, “Mobile Access 2010”.

Laptop & cell Laptop only Cell only 100%Percent who are wireless internet users 75% 18% 16% 50% 10% 22% 10% 10% 36% 37% 25% 25% 0% White, non-Hispanic Black, non-Hispanic Hispanic (English-speaking) U.S. adults by race/ethnicity Data source: Pew Internet & American Life Project, “Mobile Access 2010”.

100%Percentage who are cell internet users 75% 50% 54% 53% 35% 25% 0% White, non-Hispanic Black, non-Hispanic Hispanic (English-speaking) U.S. adults by race/ethnicity Data source: Pew Internet & American Life Project, “Mobile Access 2010”.

Laptop & cell Laptop only Cell only 100%Percent who are wireless internet users 19% 75% 13% 19% 22% 50% 9% 45% 23% 35% 25% 5% 17% 9% 6% 0% 18-29 30-49 50-64 65+ U.S. adults by race/ethnicity Data source: Pew Internet & American Life Project, “Mobile Access 2010”.

100%Percent who are cell internet users 75% 64% 50% 48% 25% 26% 11% 0% 18-29 30-49 50-64 65+ U.S. adults by race/ethnicity Data source: Pew Internet & American Life Project, “Mobile Access 2010”.

“Within ﬁve years, we want to make it possiblefor businesses to put high-speed wireless servicesin reach of virtually every American.” - President Obama Feb. 10, 2011

WHAT DO WE MEAN BY “MOBILE”?

Call me on my mobile.

Daughter: What’s a camera?Mother: A thing that takes pictures.Daughter: Oh, you mean a camera phone.Mother: No, just a camera. All it does is take pictures.

Daughter: But how do you call people?Mother: ...On the phone. Phones used to do nothing but make phone calls. Cameras were separate.Daughter: But that was a long time ago.

Mother: Yes. Those are old-school!Daughter: That school mustve fallen down a few days ago, Mom. Its a VERY old school.

WHY TODAY’S DEVICES ARE DIFFERENT

High-resolution screens

Powerful cameras

GPS and location services

Dramatic improvements in battery life

Software

THE MOBILE MARKETPLACE

Source:asymco.com

MOBILE OPERATING SYSTEMS • iOS • Android • BlackBerry OS • WebOS • Windows Phone 7

WebOS• Developed by Palm• Palm purchased by HP• Proprietary OS• Available only on Palm/HP hardware• Sold to carriers• App development using Web Standards

http://z.umn.edu/chts4

WindowsPhone 7

WINDOWSPHONE 7• Developed by Microsoft• Proprietary software, browser• Limited to phones• Licensed to hardware manufacturers• Devices sold by hardware manufacturers to carriers• Development limited to Windows

BLACKBERRY OS

BLACKBERRY OS• Developed by Research In Motion• Proprietary software available only on RIM hardware• Devices sold to carriers• Entrenched in business• Difﬁcult transition to current-gen browser and touchscreen• Development limited to Windows

I need help.

• Developed by Google• Largely open-source• Freely available or licensed to hardware manufacturers• Development using SDK or App Inventor• Applications distributed through Android Market or other sources

IOS• Proprietary software and hardware developed by Apple• iOS hardware sold to carriers and direct to consumers• Development limited to Mac OS• Applications distributed exclusively through App Store

IOS• 160 Million iOS devices sold• 350,000 applications available• 10 billion apps downloaded• App store available in 90 countries

STRATEGIES

Become a mobile-only library user

What tasks are difﬁcult?What takes extra time?What takes extra steps?What pieces don’t render?Which of your vendors supplymobile interfaces?What are you able toaccomplish that otherwisewould have required yoube at your desk?

CONVENE A MOBILE FOCUS GROUP• Find staff members or patrons with a variety of mobile devices of recent vintage• OR, install smartphone emulators• Run through a set of basic tasks • Home page load • Contact/hours info discovery • Catalog search

ENSUREMOBILE-FRIENDLINESS

AVOID FLY-OUTS AND FLASH

NEVER USE A PDF WHEN HTML WILL DO.

CODY’S HAM-FISTED MOBILE STYLE@media screen and (max-width: 600px) {

{ display: none;}

BUILD A MOBILE SITE

Embrace simplicity

KEEP FONTS 15PX OR LARGER MAKE TOUCH TARGETS AT LEAST48X48PX

Mind your resolution

BUILD AN APP (OR DON’T)

APP DEVELOPMENT COSTS Twitterriﬁc 1,100 hours Objective C development 225 hours of design Some existing code Project management Testing + Equipment $250,000 (est.)Data source: http://stackoverﬂow.com/questions/209170/how-much-does-it-cost-to-develop-an-iphone-application/3926493#3926493

APP DEVELOPMENT CHECKLIST• Do we have something we can sell?• Should we sell it?• Does our experience require direct hardware access?• Do we have platform-speciﬁc development expertise in-house?• If not, are we willing to spend the resources necessary to develop that expertise or contract for it?

PUBLISHERS, PLATFORMS, AND LIBRARIES

New content

New business model

QUESTIONS?• Ask me about: • QR codes Cody Hanson • NFC codyhanson@umn.edu codyhanson.com • Augmented reality @codyh • Mobile video • Amanda Hocking • The mobile context

CREDITSOpen Source Multitouch Gesture Library and Illustrations by GestureWorks, used under CC BY-SA 3.0“Palm Pre open close,” “Omnia7 Windows Button”, and Xperia Play imageby abulhussain, used under CC BY 2.0Kindle images by Jon ShakataGaNai Davis, used under CC BY-SA 3.0“Nook” by Andrew Magill, used under CC BY 2.0BlackBerry Pearl image by Abu badali, used under CC BY 2.0Apple Store image by Nick Name, used under CC BY-SA 2.0Apple device family photos by Jon Mountjoy, used under CC BY 2.0Android Robot image by Google, used under CC BY 3.0Android system diagram by Kronox, used under CC BY-SA 3.0“Palm Pre” by James “whatleydude” Whatley, used under CC BY 2.0Android prototype image by Kai Hendry, used under CC BY 2.0N-Gage photo by Jpk, used under CC BY-SA 3.0“Pink PSP” by Eason Hsu, used under CC BY-SA 2.0“iPod Touch” by Niki Odolphie, used under CC BY 2.0Atrix photos by ETC@USC, used under CC BY-SA 2.0“Jon Rubenstein introduces new HP TouchPad” by Robert Scoble, used under CC BY 2.0iPad ﬁngerprint images Copyright George Kokkindis, Design Language NewsAdditional photographs by Cody Hanson, used under CC BY-SA 3.0

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Making Mobile Services Work for Your Library by Cody Hanson

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