Perspectives on the Cloud Computing
Prasad Ram
Eng & Site Director
Google India Pvt Ltd
January 2009
Google Confidential and Proprietary
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The Mainframe The Personal Computer The Internet
1 computation &
storage
0
accessibility
-1
ease of
1
deployment
0
functionality
-1
Google Confidential
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The Mainframe The Personal Computer The Internet
1 computation &
storage
Make the cloud more accessible
0
accessibility
-1
Keep connectivity pervasive
ease of
1
deployment
Make the client more powerful
0
functionality
-1
Google Confidential
Google Confidential 3

Open Web, Economic Incentives
Richer More More More
web apps users usage revenue
open web platform
Google Confidential
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Client Connectivity Cloud
make it more powerful
Google Confidential

Browser is the Client
1995 2008
• LocalServer:
WebKit
offline access
• Database: local,
relational DB
• WorkerPool:
V8
asynchronous
Multi-pocess architecture
threads
Google Confidential
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What is Google Chrome all about?
Speed Stability Security
• Google Chrome was • As we do more online, we • Google Chrome includes
designed to be fast to rely on our browser more features designed to help
protect users from
– Startup • The browser must be as phishing, and malicious
stable and fault-tolerant
– Open and render pages webpages designed to
as possible. If a single exploit the browser to
– Let users do what they page or plugin crashes, install malware
do most often
the rest of the browser
should not be affected.
Google Confidential

Open Source: Chromium
Advantages for App Developers
• Better Security: Sandbox model
• Faster Apps: V8 Engine
• Easy Portability: Webkit
Tools for App Developers
• Web Inspector
• JavaScript Console
• JavaScript debugger
• Task Manager
Google Confidential
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Client Connectivity Cloud
keep it pervasive
Google Confidential

Keep Connectivity Pervasive
Mobile Phone and Internet Users (M), India
Internet Users Mobile Phone Users
300
37% and 21% annual
growth of mobile and
250
internet users
200
150
100
50
0
2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09
Google Confidential
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Why did Google invest in Android?
• Help deliver on the promise of open mobile Internet access
− Better browser, location, etc. technology
− Leverage point for cheaper, flat rate data plans
• Drive innovation in the mobile industry
− Build a large platform and application developer communities
− Drive investment in mobile software
• Don’t get locked out!
− Major mobile platform players are pushing into the software
services space
− Platform consolidation moving to the major players
− Google can only be successful when there is true openness
and competition
Google Confidential
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…and then give it away?
• Android is no way tied to Google services
− You could use it to build a Yahoo or Baidu phone*
• We’ve open sourced the entire platform
− Hosted at kernel.org, not Google servers
− Will grow the core technical team to include many other
entities
• People don’t need a partnership with Google to launch
Android-powered devices
* I leave out Microsoft because they would probably use Windows Mobile.
Google Confidential
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Client Connectivity Cloud
अ
Make it accessible
Google Confidential

Cloud is More Accessible
• Empower 3rd Party Developers
– Democra6ze Informa6on and
Tools
– Ensure Interoperability with Open
APIs
– Provide Apps mone6za6on
plaBorm
Costs/user
Revenue/user
Google Confidential

Google App Engine
Running Web Apps on Google’s Infrastructure
• Fully-integrated
application
environment
• Python Runtime
• Free quota of 5M
pageviews per
month
Google Confidential
Google Confidential
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OpenSocial
Making the Web More Social
• A family of APIs
• A reference implementation
• A community of developers,
containers and apps
Google Confidential
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Google Data & AJAX APIs
Read / Write Access to Google Services
YouTube Health
Notebook
AtomPub
Calendar Code Search
Blogger
<your web apps>
Contacts Picasa Docs
Spreadsheets Apps
Base
Add Content To Your Existing Applications
Maps
Videos Blogs
REST
News Books
Local Listings
<your web apps>
RSS
Images
Atom
YouTube Search
Google Confidential
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Overcoming the Language Barrier
Engish Speakers Indic Speakers
7%
93%
Source: Census 2001
• Transliteration API
• AJAX Language API
Google Confidential
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Maps: Powerful medium to organize information
Today: Finding an Apartment
Go to a real estate web site: How safe is the area?
• Built completely
using the Maps API
• Powerful user
Where are good schools? interaction features
Google Confidential
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Open Source Cloud Computing
• Hadoop: Hadoop is an open source
Java software framework for running
data intensive distributed applications
on large clusters of commodity
computers. Inspired by GFS an http://hadoop.apache.org/core/
MapReduce
• Eucalyptus: Eucalyptus (Elastic Utility
Computing Architecture for Linking Your
Program To Useful Systems) is an open
source cloud computing infrastructure
based on Xen, implemented using
commonly available Linux tools and http://eucalyptus.cs.ucsb.edu/
web services technologies.
• 10gen: 10gen is an open source web
application Platform-as-a-Service
(PaaS) technology that helps
developers focus on building application
functionality. 10gen also has it own
application server and file system, and http://www.10gen.com/
the whole lot is available under open
source licenses.
Google Confidential
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Why Does Cloud Computing Matter to India?
• Need for large number of
solutions catering to citizens
beyond the “elite”
• Eliminate the barriers to
innovate, cost of hosting; build
into an environment that
democratizes information and
tools
• Economics of developing and
deploying applications need to
be appropriate for India – cost
effective. Open-Source and
CC offer such economics to
develop large scale apps
Google Confidential
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Last thoughts on a cloudy future
The web belongs to you; it belongs to us; it's our platform.
Together, we can move it forward.
The “cloud” would become more accessible through
powerful clients and pervasive connectivity
OpenStandards: Market will have lots of competitors
Engineers: Your new employees is the “cloud generation”
Security: All companies in the cloud business need to gain
users trust!
Google Confidential
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Thank You!
pram@google.com
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