Yahoo! Hack University: Accessibility Innovations and Challenges

Accessibility Innovations and Challenges Ted Drake Yahoo! Accessibility LabThursday, March 3, 2011this presentation was created for the Yahoo! Hack U event at the University of Washington,2011

Accessibility is... Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011

Leveling the playing ﬁeld Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011Our goal is to give everyone equal access to information, tools, jobs, and activities. Weacknowledge there may be different methods to achieve tasks, but they are possible.

Removing Barriers Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011Don’t break the web by creating an application that is not accessible. Avoid “shortcuts” thatassume the user can see, hear, and/or has full mobility.

Universal Design Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011produce buildings, products and environments that are inherently accessible to both the able-bodied and the physicallydisabled.Apple products do a great job at this.don’t think a,b,c, i.e. high contrast or low contrast. Think about how you can provide a range of contrast.Provide functionality for hover, active, focus.

Who makes it accessible? Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011lainey feingold, an attorney that works with companies to improve their products accessibility.for instance, braille credit card machines at Target and other stores.She says advocates and champions are needed for accessibility changes

Advocates Refuse Barriers Creative Commons: image by tigoe on FlickrThursday, March 3, 2011Advocates, she explained, are people with disabilities that are not satisfied with having to work around barriers to entry.They demand equal access, whether that is an accessible web form, ATMs with audio feedback, or tactile point of sale devicesthat allow a visually impaired shopper to use a credit card at a store’s cash register.

Champions make it happen Some rights reserved by woodleywonderworks on FlickrThursday, March 3, 2011Champions are people within organizations that understand the problems and are devoted to implementing the changes.Some people are both advocates and champions.

Some rights reserved by ocad123 on FlickrThursday, March 3, 2011It’s our job to avoid upsetting advocates in the ﬁrst place.We are also the champions that listen to the advocates and ﬁx the problems.

Make it Accessible Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011The following slides discuss basic accessible web development concepts.

Contrast Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011Make sure web sites have enough contrasthttp://snook.ca/technical/colour_contrast/colour.html

Red Green click on the red button Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011Don’t use color as the only delimiter.Finance uses color + arrows.Yahoo! sites are pretty good at not doing this

Lady Gaga performs “Born Lady Gaga stuns the This Way” while Grammys suspended from 15 golden elephants with swans resting on their heads This is good alt text Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011“lady gaga stuns the Grammys” is a headline, followed by an image.the image has a great alt text. The text describes what is in the image.

http://ts2.mm.bing.net/ Lady Gaga stuns the images/thumbnail.aspx? Grammys q=590377916357&id=99b 50262230077d041a48c43 e717cf39 Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011don’t forget to add the alt attribute to every image.the screen reader user will be presented with the source of the image instead of adescription.

Lady Gaga stuns the Grammys Lady Gaga stuns the Grammys Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011It doesn’t help to duplicate the headline in the image.Try placing them in the same link and use alt=””

Lady Gaga stuns the Grammys Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011alt=”” is ignored by screen reader.Good for decorative imagesGood for images within a link that has descriptive textNot good for content images by themselvesrole=”presentation” will tell screen readers to ignore the image

Images Disabled Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011This toolbar had a twitter badge with white text on top.add a background color to your background CSS when the link text is the same color as thecontainer background color.This can cause problems with transparent images using rounded corners.

<html dir=”rtl”> The mother of all scroll bars Off-screen Text Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011off-screen text generates huge scroll bars when switched to rtl text directionthis is caused by using text-indent:-999em or left:-999em;top:-999em; will cause the screen to jump if item is focused.

Use Clip .obscure, a.bg span { position: absolute !important; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); /* IE6, 7 */ clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); } http://yaccessibilityblog.com/library/css-clip-hidden-content.html Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011This rule tells us to position the element absolutelythen only show the top left pixel.Visit the blog entry for complete information on using this css pattern.

<bu$on>Sign In</bu$on> <a>Cancel</a> Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011Don’t use a link for a button.at least add role=”button”you can style a button to look like a link for UED

<th scope=”col”> Name Color Taste </th> Gala Red Sweet Granny Smith Green Tart <th scope=”row”> Pink Lady Pink Sweet </th> Rome Red Sweet Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011add scope=”row | col” to your th cellsscreen readers will announce the header before the appropriate cell.th[scope=”row”] allows you to style row headers

Command + Is not testing for text size ﬂexibility Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011In ﬁrefox and safari choose view->zoom text only, then use command +simply zooming the page causes scroll bars.your page should allow user to increase font without breaking layout.use YUI CSS for fonts,grids,base,reset to instantly solve this

Label Your Input <label for=”fname”>First Name</label> <input id=”fname” name=”fname” type=”text”> Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011Use a label for each form input.Explicit binding via for+id will work in all browsers.Implicit binding, wrapping the input in a label tag, will not work in IE6replace label with aria-label=””, aria-labelledby=””, or possibly alt=”” on input.

ARIA Accessible Rich Internet Applications Some rights reserved by paul goyette on FlickrThursday, March 3, 2011ARIA allows us to deﬁne the application like interactions for web pages.

Use ARIA Today • Landmarks: role=”search”, role=”main” • Function: role=”button” • Labels: aria-label=”Search Term” • State: aria-invalid=”true” Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011Visit the accessibility lab’s aria library for more information: http://yaccessibilityblog.com/library/tag/aria

Innovative Solutions Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011

Traumatic Brain Injury • Iraq Veterans • Football Injuries • Crashes Some rights reserved by CorCor Beware on FlickrThursday, March 3, 2011short term memory lossrequire repetitive instructionsavoid confusion

PEAT • Schedule for daily tasks • Reinforce remembered tasks Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011PEAT was originally designed for NASA astronauts.scheduled reminders require user to interact when a task is completed.how can we reinforce good behavior when the task is completed without promptingPalo Alto V.A. is working on this

Short Term Memory Loss Hacks • Re-Education • Workforce transition • Resources aggregator Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011application that restores basic personal knowledgeapplications that storyboard workspace tasks, such as replacing toner, creating spreadsheets

Cognitive Disabilities Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011Autism, intellectual disabilities, developmentally disabled, brain injuries, mental diseases

“Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.” 87 years ago our country was created with the belief that all men are equal and deserve freedom. Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011Can we generate a simpliﬁed version of an article for those with a lower reading level?

Readability.com Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011Readability is a browser plugin that simpliﬁes a pageit removes images, navigation, etcuser can personalize font size, background color, and optional resource link list

Photo Dialer Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011this is a fairly easy application that lets user make phone calls via the images in their contactsrather than names and phone numbersThis can integrate with phone’s contact list for very easy dialing.

Memory Loss Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011slide shows to feature family and friends with namesmental gamesjournals for keeping track of what has been done during the day.Growing population with dementia and alzheimers

Non-Visual Innovations Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011

In Plain English? Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011create a function that translates significant value changes into a sentence. what did it start/end at?Charts give instant recognition of history, how can this be in text?Finance, science, math, poliditcs, and any other data sourcehttp://download.finance.yahoo.com/d/quotes.csv?s=YHOO&f=sl1d1t1c1ohgv&e=.csvuse firebug to watch the data requests

Directions Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011How can a blind user navigate the city when they cannot see the map/street names

Phone Wand Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011Phone Wand: waving the phone to get hot/cold feedback to ﬁnd the correct directionAlso being developed: read street signs, ﬁnd nearby stores and friends.Yahoo: bubbles for sharing local photos, info. Sketch a search navigationGeo project to get local information, bus routes, and more for location.

Games Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011Audio-based games:Tap Beatsusing stereo audio for role playing gamescrabble?

Deaf Hacks Some rights reserved by izahorsky on FlickrThursday, March 3, 2011

Sound Detector Some rights reserved by Thomas Hawk on FlickrThursday, March 3, 2011detect sirens, alarms, and other audio signals

Twitter Deaf Twitter Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011user creates short video, uploads to ﬂickr/post to twitter. Interface also tracks replies,retweets, etc.plays video inline on phone/computerthis could also work for blind users: audio instead of video

Physical Challenges Some rights reserved by Christiana Care on FlickrThursday, March 3, 2011paralysis, cerebral palsy, muscular distrophy, stroke, age related, parkinsons

Site Scanner Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011Site scanner was developed by the Yahoo! prototype team to address the difficulties of using ascanning keyboard to navigate a web page.allows navigation with a single button presshttp://nexpace.com/sandbox/scanner/bookmarklet/

Communication Communication Tools Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011Pic to Speech is an assisted communication device for the android. It allows customization ofthe icons and translations.DDweb provides an online environment http://ddweb.developingmindssoftware.com/site/Prologue2go is a popular ipad app

Support Social Network Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011social networks for the individuals and their support network.journal for daily activities, moods, healthcommunications amongst support network

If it ain’t broke... Fix it anyway! Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011Not all accessibility applications were built to solve an accessibility problemcolor detector used by blind for imaging colors of environmentreal time video chat used for sign language chat roomsgoogle goggles for determining money values

Some rights reserved by Oha-Lau 2 on FlickrThursday, March 3, 2011Ask yourself what if:you couldn’t see the difference between red, green, yellowyou couldn’t click on a linkthere was no hoveryou can’t remember the beginning of an articleyou know what to say but can’t speak

You are the Champion! Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011

Visit the Yahoo Accessibility Lab’s Blog Accessibility.Yahoo.Com Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibilityThursday, March 3, 2011

http://thingintheweb.blogspot.com	192
http://yaccessibilityblog.com	111
http://thingintheweb.blogspot.fi	12
http://www-design-develop.blogspot.com	11
http://www-design-develop.blogspot.com	11
http://bummerware.tumblr.com	8
http://paper.li	6
http://webcache.googleusercontent.com	1
http://192.168.1.7:4000	1
http://thingintheweb.blogspot.com.ar	1
http://www.what-you-working-on-now.com	1

Yahoo! Hack University: Accessibility Innovations and Challenges

by Ted Drake

Accessibility

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Yahoo! Hack University: Accessibility Innovations and Challenges Presentation Transcript