With HTML5, the web is evolving from a browser/document-based experience to a desktop-like application accessed on multiple devices. What does HTML5 mean for Web accessibility? Is accessibility compromised or enhanced with this new standard? This session will review promising new features in HTML5 that promote accessibility and discuss possible challenges ahead and advice for ensuring HTML5 accessibility.
2. Evolution of HTML Accessibility What’s new in HTML5 What will we do differently What’s been improved New HTML5 Challenges ARIA: Introduction & Applications
3. What is HTML5? Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibility
6. HTML5 includes More powerful forms CSS3 Canvas and SVG Audio and Video JavaScript tools Device Integration Semantic structure WAI-ARIA Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibility
7. Good Stuff Native Interactions Enhanced Form Elements Better Semantic Structure ARIA Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibility
8. Native Support Browsers replace plugins and JavaScript Consistency Extensible Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibility
9. Super Forms Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibility
10. No More ‘Divitis’ Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibility
11. Semantic Tags New containers: article, section, aside, footer, header, nav New & improved tags: dl, time, hgroup, mark Shift from document to modular design: multiple h1, header, footer tags Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibility
12. Support for Tags Most browsers will treat them as inline. Use display:block Firefox 4 = IAccessible2 Internet Explorer needs JS<script>document.createElement("header")</script> Safe to mix with ARIA Good: <nav role=”navigation”>Bad: <nav><ul role=“navigation”> Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibility
14. New JavaScript Tools Offline usage with local storage Better performance Web Workers Web Sockets Geolocation for mapping and location specific information Future: Camera, compass, more? Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibility
15. ARIA Announces expected behavior of module Toolbar, tabset, menu, application Developer still creates interaction JS Landmark structure: navigation, banner, search, main Meta information: aria-required, aria-label Live regions for dynamic content Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibility
19. Canvas Blank canvas for JavaScript to draw upon Problems: Text within canvas is not accessible Images within canvas have no alt text User interactions lack roles, states, and properties Avoid canvas for navigation and text-dependent modules SVG is better, but not great Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibility
20. Closed Captioning Flash wasn’t great, but at least it supported closed captioned videos Multiple caption formats JavaScript can track video events, timing to create custom Closed Captioning Separate audio track for audio descriptions Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibility
21. longdesc The longdesc attribute is deprecated in the HTML5 spec This is not final HTML5 is backwards compatible. It should still work. ARIA could be used in the future, but it’s not a substitute Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibility
23. Alternate Text No alternate text for video poster No alternate text for images in Canvas The alt attribute may become optional Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibility
24. Headers Module hierarchy, not headers. Each section and article can have an h1 Pages may have no h2,h3,h4... Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibility
25. Autoplay & Autofocus Built in support for auto behaviors Video autoplay Form input autofucus Native support avoids adhoc JavaScript Yahoo! Accessibility Lab Accessibility.Yahoo.Com | @yahooaccess | Facebook.com/YahooAccessibility
27. Great Mobile Support Android and iOS offer outstanding support for HTML5, ARIA, and CSS3
28. HTML5 on mobile New form inputs trigger custom keyboard layouts on phone New tags allow cleaner markup, fewer DOM nodes, and faster performance CSS3 replaces images Local storage allows airplane mode usage CSS3 animation is faster than JavaScript
29. Modernizr Modernizr JavaScript provides HTML5 tag support in older browsers Use progressive enhancement with Modernizr’s function test + declaration Can you require JavaScript on your site?
Impact of dom nodes on performance: http://code.flickr.com/blog/2011/07/20/lessons-learned-from-the-flickr-touch-lightbox/CSS3 performance vs. images http://jacwright.com/476/runtime-performance-with-css3-vs-images/Airplane mode: http://software.intel.com/en-us/blogs/2009/12/11/html5-offline-web-apps-code-experiments-with-several-browsers/
Modernizr: http://www.modernizr.com/docs/Javascript must go in the head of the document for IE to register the new tags.YUI3 wrapper service for modernizr: http://yuilibrary.com/gallery/show/modernizr